THE ACTION OF ANILINE ON GLUCOSE IN WATER SOLUTION IN THE PRESENCE OF ACETIC ACID

1932 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. N. Cameron ◽  
G. H. Guest
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Amorphous Precipitate

It was found that water solutions of glucose, aniline and acetic acid yield a brown amorphous precipitate. Further, this precipitate was produced as a result of the preliminary formation of glucose-anilide and then by the further action of acetic acid on the anilide.The amount and speed of formation of glucose-anilide (produced in the solution of glucose, aniline and acetic acid) were found to increase to a marked extent with increase in the concentration of aniline and acetic acid.Evidence for the conversion of the stable amylene-oxide glucose-anilide to the more reactive glucose anil was obtained.Attempts to separate the colored material into different fractions and to identify them are described.

Exploring chemistry features of favipiravir in octanol/water solutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Halimeh Rajabzadeh ◽  
Ayla Sharafat ◽  
Maryam Abbasi ◽  
Maryam Eslami Gharaati ◽  
Iraj Alipourfard
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Gas Phase ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Peptide Group ◽  
Functional Theory ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Group Rotations ◽  
Heterocyclic Structure

Favipiravir (Fav) has become a well-known drug for medication of patients by appearance of COVID-19. Heterocyclic structure and connected peptide group could make changes for Fav yielding different features from those required features. Therefore, it is indeed a challenging task to prepare a Fav compound with specific features of desired function. In this work, existence of eight Fav structures by tautomeric formations and peptide group rotations were obtained using density functional theory (DFT) optimization calculations. Gas phase, octanol solution, and water solution were employed to show impact of solution on features of Fav besides obtaining partition coefficients (LogP) for Fav compounds. Significant impacts of solutions were seen on features of Fav with the obtained LogP order: Fav-7 >  Fav-8 >  Fav-4 >  Fav-3 >  Fav-2 >  Fav-5 >  Fav-1 >  Fav-6. As a consequence, internal changes yielded significant impacts on features of Fav affirming its carful medication of COVID-19 patients.

scholarly journals Cheese whey recycling in traditional dairy food chain: effects of vinegar from whey in dairy cow nutrition

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1s) ◽  
pp. 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Lustrato ◽  
Elisabetta Salimei ◽  
Gabriele Alfano ◽  
Claudia Belli ◽  
Francesco Fantuz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Cheese Whey ◽  
Nutrient Recycling ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Acetic Acid Bacterium ◽  
Acetobacter Aceti ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Acid Yield

Selected yeast (<em>Kluyveromyces marxianus</em> Y102 strain) and an acetic acid bacterium (<em>Acetobacter aceti</em>, DSM-G3508 strain) were used as inocula respectively in cheese whey for alcoholic and acetic fermentations. The experimental tests were carried out at both laboratory and pilot plant (20 L and 2000 L) levels. The data from the trials (working period 28 days) show increased ethanol production, increased acetic acid yield, and greater fermentation stability with biomass recycling (18.6 g L<sup>&ndash;1</sup>). Batch and fed-batch fermentation tests resulted in increased and standardized alcoholic fermentation, and allowed acetic acid recovery (average lactose consumption 56%, ethanol 6.7 g L<sup>&ndash;1</sup> d<sup>&ndash;1</sup> and acetic acid production 4.35 g L<sup>&ndash;1</sup> d<sup>&ndash;1</sup>). The effects administration were then investigated on milk yield and composition, nutritional status of dairy cows and physical characteristics of total mixed ration (TMR). Twenty Holstein cows were divided into two groups; group C, receiving the traditional TMR, and group W, receiving the TMR plus 10 L wheynegar. The dietary treatment, lasted 35 days, did not affect milk yield and composition except for the urea content, significantly lowered in group W. The selection of coarse (&lt;19 mm), medium (8-19 mm) and fine (&lt;8 mm) dietary particles was not influenced by the wheynegar administration however a tendential lower selection against coarse particles was noted in W. The results highlight that microbial biotechnologies may significantly contribute to both the valorization of whey and the development of a stable nutrient recycling system as a ingredient in dairy cattle diet.

scholarly journals Statistically Guided Synthesis of MoV-Based Mixed-Oxide Catalysts for Ethane Partial Oxidation

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Juan Jimenez ◽  
Kathleen Mingle ◽  
Teeraya Bureerug ◽  
Cun Wen ◽  
Jochen Lauterbach
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Partial Oxidation ◽  
Mixed Oxide ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Mixed Oxide Catalysts ◽  
Catalyst Composition

The catalytic performance of Mo8V2Nb1-based mixed-oxide catalysts for ethane partial oxidation is highly sensitive to the doping of elements with redox and acid functionality. Specifically, control over product distributions to ethylene and acetic acid can be afforded via the specific pairing of redox elements (Pd, Ni, Ti) and acid elements (K, Cs, Te) and the levels at which these elements are doped. The redox element, acid element, redox/acid ratio, and dopant/host ratio were investigated using a three-level, four-factor factorial screening design to establish relationships between catalyst composition, structure, and product distribution for ethane partial oxidation. Results show that the balance between redox and acid functionality and overall dopant level is important for maximizing the formation of each product while maintaining the structural integrity of the host metal oxide. Overall, ethylene yield was maximized for a Mo8V2Nb1Ni0.0025Te0.5 composition, while acetic acid yield was maximized for a Mo8V2Nb1Ti0.005Te1 catalyst.

scholarly journals Efficient Production of Acetic Acid from Nipa (Nypa fruticans) Sap by Moorella thermoacetica (f. Clostridium thermoaceticum)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dung Van Nguyen ◽  
Pinthep Sethapokin ◽  
Harifara Rabemanolontsoa ◽  
Eiji Minami ◽  
Haruo Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Moorella Thermoacetica ◽  
Nypa Fruticans ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

To valorize the underutilized nipa sap composed mainly of sucrose, glucose and fructose, acetic acid fermentation by Moorella thermoacetica was explored. Given that M. thermoacetica cannot directly metabolize sucrose, we evaluated various catalysts for the hydrolysis of this material. Oxalic acid and invertase exhibited high levels of activity towards the hydrolysis of the sucrose in nipa sap to glucose and fructose. Although these two methods consumed similar levels of energy for the hydrolysis of sucrose, oxalic acid was found to be more cost-effective. Nipa saps hydrolyzed by these two catalysts were also fermented by M. thermoacetica. The results revealed that the two hydrolyzed sap mixtures gave 10.0 g/L of acetic acid from the 10.2 g/L of substrate sugars in nipa sap. Notably, the results showed that the oxalic acid catalyst was also fermented to acetic acid, which avoided the need to remove the catalyst from the product stream. Taken together, these results show that oxalic acid hydrolysis is superior to enzymatic hydrolysis for the pretreatment of nipa sap. The acetic acid yield achieved in this study corresponds to a conversion efficiency of 98%, which is about 3.6 times higher than that achieved using the traditional methods. The process developed in this study therefore has high potential as a green biorefinery process for the efficient conversion of sucrose-containing nipa sap to bio-derived acetic acid.

Analysis of adsorption of heavy metals from water solutions by wood of selected domestic species using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF)

2020 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Adrianna Balicka ◽  
Jan Szadkowski
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Cadmium Nitrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
European Aspen ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Standard Solutions

Analysis of adsorption of heavy metals from water solutions by wood of selected domestic species using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF).The aim of this study was to analyze the absorption of three specific heavy metals from model water solution by wood species from domestic Polish forests. This paper focuses on XRF method to determine metal content in samples. European aspen (Populus tremula L.) and Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) have been chosen. Firstly, shavings were prepared and soaked with standard solutions of lead (II) nitrate, cadmium nitrate and mercury (II) chloride for 7 days. Then, the material was dried and reduced to ashes using muffle furnace. Finally, content of absorbed metal was marked (XRF) and analyzed with a view to initial contents of metal ions in standard solutions. It was established, that the higher the concentration of mercury in standard solution is, the higher impulse counts is obtained for European aspen. This reversal of the dependence is noticeable for second analyzed species.

The Use Of 222Rn as a Flow Path Monitor for Studies of Radionuclide Transport in Fissures

1981 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hines ◽  
D. Cohen ◽  
S. Fried ◽  
A. M. Friedman
Keyword(s):  
Field Test ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Diffusion Profile ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Radionuclide Transport ◽  
Radionuclide Concentration ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Flat Surfaces

ABSTRACTA technique has been developed using 222Rn as a flow path monitor. Its principle advantage over other radiotracers or dyes is that while the Kd of Rn gas in water solution is zero and hence follows the water path, its 210Pb daughter is retained strongly by rock. The immobilized 210Pb is not subject to diffusion, an important consideration in the proposed Nevada Field Test. To evaluate the technique, a series of laboratory scale experiments have been performed. Artificial fissures consisting of glass plates and prepared flat surfaces were coupled to insure well characterized fissures. Water solutions of radiotracer were metered through these fissures and the discharge monitored to produce breakthrough curves as a function of flow rate. The rock surfaces were analysed for radionuclide concentration and the rock sectioned for diffusion profile into the rock.

Stability of a Water-Stable Lithium Metal Anode for a Lithium–Air Battery with Acetic Acid–Water Solutions

2010 ◽  
Vol 157 (2) ◽  
pp. A214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Nobuyuki Imanishi ◽  
Yuta Shimonishi ◽  
Atsushi Hirano ◽  
Jian Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Acid Water ◽  
Lithium Metal ◽  
Water Solutions ◽  
Metal Anode ◽  
Lithium Metal Anode ◽  
Acetic Acid Water ◽  
Air Battery
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