WALLROTHIELLA ARCEUTHOBII, A PARASITE OF THE JACK-PINE MISTLETOE

1931 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Silver Dowding
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Maximum Development ◽  
Lower Compartment

Arceuthobium, the host of Wallrothiella Arceuthobii, has been found in British Columbia, Alberta, Manitoba, and Ontario and Wallrothiella Arceuthobii has been found in Manitoba and Alberta.Arceuthobium fruits become infected in Canada in the spring, about a week after fertilization. The fungus and the infected fruits then increase in size, and they attain their maximum development by the summer of the following year.The ascospores are not violently discharged into the air. The spores ooze out into water when the perithecia are wet.The mature perithecium is made up of two compartments, the lower compartment containing the asci, and the upper compartment into which the ascospores are discharged and where they collect.It is suggested that insects are agents which disperse the ascospores.Ascospores sown in Arceuthobium decoction commence to germinate, but growth ceases after the germ tube has reached the length of about one millimetre.Attempts to inoculate the stigmas of healthy Arceuthobium with "sprout-mycelium" have so far been unsuccessful.

Effect of geographic variation and jack pine introgression on disease and insect resistance in lodgepole pine

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (5) ◽  
pp. 711-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry X. Wu ◽  
Cheng C. Ying ◽  
John A. Muir
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Pest Resistance ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
Geographic Patterns ◽  
Effective Selection ◽  
Pest Incidence ◽  
Natural Range

Incidence of western gall rust (Endocronartiumharknessii (J.P. Moore) Y. Hiratsuka), stalactiform blister rust (Cronartiumcoleosporioides Arth.), needle cast (Lophodermellaconcolor (Dearn.) Darker), and sequoia pitch moth (Synanthedonsequoiae (Hy. Edwards) (Lepidoptera: Sesiidae)) attacks were investigated in a lodgepole pine (Pinuscontorta Dougl. ex Loud, van latifolia Engelm.) provenance–family test plantation located at Red Rock Tree Improvement Station, Prince George, British Columbia. This plantation contains 778 wind-pollinated families from 53 provenances in British Columbia, Alberta, and the Yukon Territory. Pest incidence was assessed in 1993 when the plantation was 21 years old. Provenance had a significant effect on resistance to the four disease and insect attacks. Regression models using latitude, longitude, and elevation as predictors accounted for 38% to 80% of the provenance variation in pest incidence. Geographic patterns of genetic variation in pest resistance essentially followed longitudinal and elevational clines. The most interesting finding is the strong relationship between pest incidence and provenance distance to the western limit of the natural range of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb,): the closer a lodgepole pine provenance is to the edge of jack pine distribution, the higher is its resistance to the pests. We hypothesize that jack pine introgression may have played a significant role in the evolution of pest defense in lodgepole pine. Effective selection and breeding for pest resistance in lodgepole pine may have to look beyond the intraspecific gene pool.

scholarly journals Using Alternative Silvicultural Systems to Integrate Mountain Caribou and Timber Management in British Columbia

Rangifer ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold M. Armleder ◽  
Susan K. Stevenson
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Timber Management ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Single Tree ◽  
Alternative Silvicultural Systems ◽  
Silvicultural System ◽  
Maximum Development ◽  
Forest Managers

Even-aged forest management using the clearcutting silvicultural system as it is currently applied threatens mountain caribou habitat in British Columbia. Since neither complete preservation nor maximum development of timber resources are socially acceptable alternatives, forest managers are anxious to find integrated management options. We describe alternative silvicultural systems currently being tested, including single-tree and group selection. All the treatments have the goal of periodically extracting viable timber volumes while perpetually retaining stand characteristics necessary for caribou. The effects of these logging prescriptions on lichen biomass and growth rates are being tested. Alternative silvicultural systems may become part of a larger strategy to maintain caribou habitat in managed forests.

Pissodes terminalis. [Distribution map].

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pissodes terminalis Hopping. Coleoptera: Curculionidae. Hosts: Jack pine (Pinus banksiana) and lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta). Information is given on the geographical distribution in North America (Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Saskatchewan, Yukon, USA, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, South Dakota, Washington, Wyoming).

The distribution of Endocronartiumharknessii and Cronartiumquercuum on jack pine in Minnesota

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1045-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. Dietrich ◽  
R. A. Blanchette ◽  
C. F. Croghan ◽  
S. O. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Germ Tube ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Germination Characteristics ◽  
The Future

In 1984, a survey was done to determine the distribution of pine–pine gall rust (Endocronartiumharknessii (J. P. Moore) Y. Hiratsuka) and pine–oak gall rust (Cronartiumquercuum (Berk) Miyabe ex Shirai f.sp. banksianae Burdsall and Snow) on jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.) throughout its range in Minnesota. Sporulating globose galls (960 galls from 257 stands) were collected in May and June and the pathogens were identified on the basis of aeciospore germ tube morphology. The relative usefulness of aeciospore germination characteristics that have been used to separate these rusts was examined. Endocronartiumharknessii predominated in the northeastern and Cronartiumquercuum in the southwestern portions of the range of jack pine. This information will be useful in selecting and growing rust-resistant trees and for monitoring changes in the distribution of these rusts in the future.

Prehistoric Cultural Collapse in the Lillooet Area

1991 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Hayden ◽  
June M. Ryder
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Population Estimates ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Subsistence Economy ◽  
Maximum Development

A series of unusually large hunter-gatherer winter villages emerged along the Fraser River in the Lillooet region of British Columbia during the last 3,000 years. Population estimates for these villages range from 500-1,000. Salmon heavily dominated the subsistence economy of these groups. We believe that these groups were socially and economically more complex than subsequent inhabitants. Village size and complexity seem to achieve maximum development from 1000-2000 B.P. About 1,000 years ago it appears that all of the large villages in the Lillooet region were abandoned and never reoccupied to any significant degree. Numerous causes for this apparent cultural collapse have been considered. Recent geomorphological research on landslides and terraces in the Lillooet region make failure of salmon runs due to catastrophic landslides that dammed the Fraser River the most likely explanation for the apparently abrupt abandonment of the large Lillooet villages.

Occurrence of Pissodes terminalis Hopp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Canada: Life History, Behaviour, and Cytogenetic Identification

1963 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Drouin ◽  
C. R. Sullivan ◽  
S. G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Life History ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Cytogenetic Analysis ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Hybrid Species ◽  
Current Growth

AbstractHopping’s P. terminalis, which attacks the elongating terminal shoots of lodgepole pine in California, similarly attacks lodgepole pine in the Yukon and northern British Columbia. Cytologically it is unique, and on this basis, although phenotypically variable, it is demonstrated to occur on jack pine in Saskatchewan. Cytogenetic analysis proves it to be a hybrid species, thus accounting for both its internal cytological and external morphological polymorphism. Its fundamental taxonomic characteristics, determinable only in living specimens, comprise an unparalleled sexual dimorphism of chromosome complements and a restriction in breeding to current growth of lodgepole and jack pines.After this article had been sent to press, we learned that G. R. Hopping (in "Lodgepole Pine in Alberta", Department of Forestry Bulletin 127, p. 84, 1962) had already discovered P. terminalis infesting lodgepole pine near Mercoal, Alta., in 1949.

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