Interactions between Cultivars of Legumes Species (Trifolium pratense L., Medicago sativa L.) and Grasses (Phleum pratense L., Lolium perenne L.) Under Different Nitrogen Levels

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel McElroy ◽  
Yousef A. Papadopoulos ◽  
Kathleen E. Glover ◽  
Zhongmin Dong ◽  
Sherry A.E. Fillmore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Nitrogen Levels ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

FORAGE CROP MATURITY ZONATION IN THE ATLANTIC REGION USING GROWING DEGREE-DAYS

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. BOOTSMA
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Growing Degree Days ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Atlantic Region ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Accumulated growing degree-days above 5 °C (GDD) were used to estimate the average time of occurrence of maturity stages before first harvest in post seeding years for alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), double cut red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and timothy (Phleum pratense L.) in the Atlantic region of Canada. Maturity stages recommended for first cut were reached after an average accumulation of approximately 350, 400 and 450 GDD, depending upon the cultivar. Estimates of maturity dates based on the average air temperature (T) for May and June were highly correlated with annually observed dates of selected maturity stages [Formula: see text]. T was also used to estimate regional variation in maturity dates based on normals for the 1951–1980 period from 231 climate stations. Eight maturity zones (M1 to M8) were designated for the region. Estimated average dates when forage cultivars reach maturity stages recommended for first cut ranged from on or before 15 June–25 June in the Annapolis and Saint John River valleys to after mid-July in parts of Newfoundland.Key words: Medicago sativa L., Phleum pratense L., Trifolium pratense L., cutting date, temperature, zonation

EFFECT OF APPLIED SELENIUM ON THE SELENIUM CONTENT OF BARLEY AND FORAGES AND SOIL SELENIUM DEPLETION RATES

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
UMESH C. GUPTA ◽  
K. A. WINTER ◽  
K. B. McRAE
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Cropping Seasons ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Two separate field experiments were conducted on several crops to determine the effect of selenium (Se) applied to soils with pH levels between 5.7 and 6.6. Tissue Se levels after a single application of Se and lime, were monitored for up to six cropping years or until the tissue Se fell below 0.1 ppm, the level considered to be necessary for animal nutrition. For applications of 1.12 and 2.24 kg Se/ha, the minimal tissue Se concentration (> 0.1 ppm) was maintained in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) for two cropping years, but with a very sharp decrease for the first 3 yr. In the case of timothy (Phleum pratense L.), tissue levels greater than 0.1 ppm were maintained for 3 yr at the higher rate of Se without lime and up to 5 yr at high soil pH levels. At the applied rates of 0.28 and 0.56 kg Se/ha, the tissue Se levels above 0.1 ppm in timothy, red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) were maintained for one and two cropping years, respectively. In spite of the sharp decrease in plant tissue Se levels, little decrease in total soil Se was noted at rates of 1.12 and 2.24 kg Se/ha after successive croppings of barley and timothy. Although not always significant, liming, in general, increased the plant Se concentration. The Se concentration (log ppm) for tissues (or depletion of Se availability) in the Se-applied plots decreased linearly for at least the first three cropping seasons.

EFFECTS OF THE DEGREE OF SELECTIVE FEEDING ALLOWED ON FORAGE VOLUNTARY INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY ASSAY RESULTS USING SHEEP

1973 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. HEANEY
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Opportunity For Selection

Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), first- and second-cut alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.) hays, and oat (Avena sativa L.) straw were assayed for digestible dry matter (DDM) and dry matter intake (DMI) using sheep with various opportunities for feed selection provided by varying weighbacks between 0 and 30%. Digestible energy intakes (DEI) were also calculated. There was a slight increase in DMI values as the opportunity for selection increased, due to slightly lower DMI at low levels of weighback and higher DMI as weighback approached 30%. There were no changes in DMI due to the opportunity for selection when weighbacks varied only from 5 to 25%. Except for an apparent curvilinear relationship for the first-cut alfalfa, the change in DDM as the opportunity for selection increased was similar to that of DMI. However, the maximum changes in DDM that could be attributed to the opportunity for selection would be barely detectable in normal digestion trials. Changes in DEI attributable to the opportunity for selection were caused primarily by DMI rather than digestibility. DEI showed a slight increase as weighback increased, due to lower values at low levels of weighback and, in some cases, higher values at higher levels of weighback. There were no changes in DEI values that could be attributed to the opportunity for selection when weighbacks varied only from 5 to 25%. The data indicate that, for forage evaluation purposes, DMI and DDM can be assayed with confidence at levels of weighback between 5 and 20%.

NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF ALFALFA GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-791
Author(s):  
H. A. BURITY ◽  
B. E. COULMAN ◽  
M. A. FARIS
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Nodule Tissue

A greenhouse experiment has shown that total nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not significantly affected when grown in association with timothy (Phleum pratense L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) except after initial harvest when decreased alfalfa activity was associated with smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass. It was concluded that mixed cultures of alfalfa with timothy, smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass have no effect on alfalfa N2 fixation. The results also suggest the occurrence of N transference from alfalfa to associated grasses. It is speculated that this transfer is not primarily due to the death of roots and nodule tissue (after harvest), but involves some degree of N excretion during the period before initial harvest.Key words: Alfalfa-grass mixtures, N2-fixation, nodule activity, N-transference

scholarly journals Accumulation of heavy metals in Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. at the contaminated fluvisol

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Jaksic ◽  
Savo Vuckovic ◽  
Sanja Vasiljevic ◽  
Nada Grahovac ◽  
Vera Popovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Agricultural Areas ◽  
Toxic Concentrations

Recently, heavy metals concentrations increased in some agricultural areas due to the consequences of anthropogenic impacts. The aim of this study was to determine the level of heavy metals (As, Cr, Ni and Pb) in Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. grown on fluvisol, in order to obtain information on safety of these nutrients. The total content of Pb, As, Cr and Ni in the samples of fluvisol was above the maximum allowable amount. The content of heavy metals in Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L. was below the critical and toxic concentrations in all samples originating from contaminated soil. It was concluded that the accumulation of heavy metals in plants did not depend only on the total content in soil, but also the affinity of the plant, and individual and interactive effects of various soil properties. No statistically significant differences in the accumulation of heavy metals between Medicago sativa L. and Trifolium pratense L were observed. It is necessary to further control of heavy metals in the investigated area, in order to prevent their entry into the food chain and provide healthy food.

The Genus Pithomyces in South Africa

Bothalia ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. F. O. Marasas ◽  
Ingrid H. Schumann
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
South African ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Free State ◽  
Eastern Cape Province ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

Descriptions are given of South African isolates of  Pithomyces sacchari (Speg.) M. B. Ellis, Pithomyces chartarum (Berk. Curt.) M. B. Ellis and  Pithomyces karoo  Marasas Schumann, sp. nov.  P. sacchari and P. chartarum were isolated from Medicago sativa L. seed.  P. chartarum was also isolated from dead leaves of Lolium perenne L. and  Sporobolus capensis (Willd.) Kunth. plants from artificial pastures in the eastern Cape Province.  P. karoo was isolated from stems of Gnidia polycephala (C.A. Mey.) Gilg and  Rhigozum trichotomum Burch, from the Karoo, Cape Province and from Avena sativa L. stubble collected in the Orange Free State.

scholarly journals The resistance of Lolium perenne L. × hybridum, Poa pratensis, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea, Phleum pratense and Dactylis glomerata to soil pollution by diesel oil and petroleum

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 307-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadwiga Wyszkowska ◽  
Agata Borowik ◽  
Jan Kucharski
Keyword(s):  
Soil Pollution ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Lolium Perenne L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Resistance of common European grasses to diesel oil and petroleum pollution is not well-known. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the level of resistance of selected grasses to pollution by diesel and petroleum using the pot experiment. The achieved results were compared with those determined for grasses grown on the non-polluted soil. Soil pollution with the tested products was found to significantly decrease the yield of all grasses, with the decrease being lower upon soil pollution with petroleum than with diesel oil. The most resistant to the pollution with diesel oil and petroleum were Phleum pratense L., Lolium perenne L. and Lolium × hybridum Hausskn. The degradation of particular groups of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) depended on their chemical properties, on the type of pollutant and grass species. The greatest degradation was determined in the case of BTEX, C<sub>6</sub>–C<sub>12</sub> benzines as well as 2- and 3-ring hydrocarbons, whereas the lowest in the case of 5-and 6-ring hydrocarbons and C<sub>12</sub>–C<sub>25</sub> oils. The most useful species in the remediation of soils polluted with diesel oil and petroleum turned out to be: Lolium perenne L., Lolium × hybridum Hausskn and Phleum pratense L., whereas the least useful appeared to be: Festuca rubra, Dactylis glomerata L. and Poa pratensis L.

EFFET DE LA PRESENCE DE LA FLEOLE DES PRES SUR LA SURVIE A L’HIVER DU TREFLE ROUGE

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1101-1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUCIUS BELZILE
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Winter Survival ◽  
Trifolium Pratense L ◽  
Stand Yield ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The influence of timothy (Phleum pratense L.) on winter survival of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) was studied in an experiment conducted in 1984–1985 and repeated in 1985–1986. The results indicate that the presence of timothy can help to improve red clover persistence. When the winter was favorable to the survival of legumes, the red clover population was higher in pure than in mixtured clover populations. However, when the winter was unfavorable to legumes, the red clover population was higher in populations mixed with timothy than in a pure clover population.Key words: Red clover-timothy mixture, winter survival, stand, yield

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