NITROGENASE ACTIVITY OF ALFALFA GROWN ALONE AND IN MIXTURE WITH GRASS UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 787-791
Author(s):  
H. A. BURITY ◽  
B. E. COULMAN ◽  
M. A. FARIS
Keyword(s):  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Nodule Tissue

A greenhouse experiment has shown that total nitrogenase activity of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is not significantly affected when grown in association with timothy (Phleum pratense L.), smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) or orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) except after initial harvest when decreased alfalfa activity was associated with smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass. It was concluded that mixed cultures of alfalfa with timothy, smooth bromegrass or orchardgrass have no effect on alfalfa N2 fixation. The results also suggest the occurrence of N transference from alfalfa to associated grasses. It is speculated that this transfer is not primarily due to the death of roots and nodule tissue (after harvest), but involves some degree of N excretion during the period before initial harvest.Key words: Alfalfa-grass mixtures, N2-fixation, nodule activity, N-transference

COPPER, MOLYBDENUM AND SULFUR CONTENTS OF FORAGE CROPS AT KAPUSKASING, ONTARIO

1970 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 685-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. LESSARD ◽  
M. HIDIROGLOU ◽  
R. B. CARSON ◽  
J. M. WAUTHY
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Festuca Rubra ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Reed Canarygrass ◽  
Red Fescue ◽  
Cu Content ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Each of the species birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.), timothy (Phleum pratense L.), bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) and creeping red fescue (Festuca rubra L.) was grown in the field on 10 plots sampled at weekly intervals in rotation from June 13. Each plot was resampled after 6 weeks and all samples were analyzed for copper, molybdenum and sulfur. In most species, levels of Cu and Mo were highest in the early samplings and decreased with advancing maturity. Second-cut samples tended to be higher in Cu, Mo and S than first-cut samples. The S content was more uniform in the first cycle but increased considerably in the second cycle, especially in reed canarygrass. The ranges in Cu content were 7.4 to 14.1 ppm for birdsfoot trefoil and 3.7 to 11.4 ppm for the grasses. Mo ranged from 1.9 to 8.1 ppm in birdsfoot trefoil and from 1.0 to 6.5 ppm in the grasses. The overall range in S content was from 0.14 to 0.95%. The mineral composition of the crops is discussed in relation to the requirement of ruminants for these three elements.

Оценка гибридных образцов многолетних злаковых трав в условиях Приморского края

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Наталия Леонидовна Клочкова ◽  
Ольга Николаевна Теличко ◽  
Ольга Михайловна Скалозуб
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

Многолетние травы являются растениями многопланового использования. Изучены биологические, хозяйственно ценные признаки и свойства гибридов многолетних злаковых трав, выделены лучшие из них для использования в создании новых интенсивных сортов. Приведены данные, полученные в результате селекционной работы с многолетними травами в условиях Приморского края в 2018 – 2019 гг. В селекционных питомниках F1 изучали 4 гибридных образца тимофеевки луговой (Phleum pratense L.) и 3 гибридных образца ежи сборной (Dactylis glomerata L.). Из образцов ежи сборной по урожайности семян выделился гибридный образец № 2(II) (Дикорастущая × Аукштуоле) — превышение над стандартом составило 8,7 г/м2. По массе 1000 семян имела преимущество гибридная комбинация № 1(I) (Дикорастущая × Аукштуоле), которая превышала стандарт на 0,02 г/м2. По урожайности семян тимофеевки луговой выделились следующие гибридные образцы: Моршанская 69 × Приморская местная, Приморская местная × Нарымская. Данные образцы превзошли стандарт на 16 – 73 %. По массе 1000 семян имела преимущество гибридная комбинация Моршанская 69 × Приморская — превышение над стандартом составило 24 %. Выделившиеся гибридные образцы далее будут использованы в селекционной работе с целью создания новых сортов многолетних трав.

Performance of alfalfa strains grown in mixture with smooth bromegrass as affected by management

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bittman ◽  
J. Waddington ◽  
D. H. McCartney
Keyword(s):  
Binary Mixture ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Bromus Inermis ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Medicago Sativa L ◽  
Long Term Performance ◽  
Term Performance

This study was conducted to evaluate the yield and persistence of seven contrasting alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. sensu lato) strains growing in binary mixture with smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss.) under different fertilizer and cutting managements. The alfalfa strains were seeded in mixtures with smooth bromegrass in 1980 in northeast Saskatchewan and harvested each year, 1982 through 1987. Two fertilizer treatments (0 and 18 kg ha−1 P) and two cutting managements (2 and 3-4 cuts) were imposed annually. The application of P fertilizer increased the total yield (6-yr average) from 1.47 t ha−1 in control plots to 2.52 t ha−1 in the fertilized plots. Frequent cutting reduced average total yield from 2.59 t ha−1 (2-cut system) to 1.4 t ha−1. Fertility and cutting management did not affect the proportion of alfalfa or weeds in the harvested herbage. The alfalfa strain significantly affected total yield and the proportion of alfalfa and weeds throughout the years of this study. The strain ScMf3713, a M. sativa subsp. falcata (L.) Arcang. type, outyielded all entries during the last 3 yr of this study. The study suggests that alfalfa strains of the falcata subspecies germplasm showed superior long-term performance when the alfalfa was grown in a binary mixture with bromegrass. Key words: Medicago sativa L., falcata, Bromus inermis Leyss., phosphorus, simulated grazing

YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF MONOCULTURES AND MIXTURES OF BROMEGRASS, ORCHARDGRASS AND TIMOTHY

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. COULMAN
Keyword(s):  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Forage Grass ◽  
Weed Invasion ◽  
The Third ◽  
Binary And Ternary Mixtures ◽  
Percent Composition ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L

The objectives of this study were (a) to determine the relative yielding ability of binary and ternary mixtures of bromegrass (Brotnus inermis Leyss.), orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.), and timothy (Phleum pratense L.); and (b) determine the relative competitiveness of the three species in mixtures. Two experiments were established in 1981 and 1982 and each evaluated for three consecutive production years. Bromegrass was the highest yielding monoculture in both experiments, followed by timothy, with orchardgrass being the lowest. Among mixtures, bromegrass-timothy was the highest yielding and orchardgrass-timothy the lowest. Yields of mixtures generally fell between the yields of the monocultures of the component species. There were, however, two examples of mixtures significantly (P = 0.05) outyielding their highest yielding component monoculture. For the bromegrass-timothy mixture there was a trend towards higher yields than the bromegrass monoculture in the second and third years. Mixtures were generally more competitive against weed invasion than were monocultures. In mixtures, orchardgrass was usually the most competitive of the three species, with its percent composition increasing substantially by the end of the third production year. Bromegrass was intermediate in competitiveness, increasing in percent composition in mixtures with timothy, but decreasing in mixtures with orchardgrass. Timothy was the least competitive, decreasing markedly in all mixtures, particularly those which included orchardgrass.Key words: Orchardgrass, bromegrass, timothy, forage grass mixtures, interspecific competition

Effects of fertilizer salt concentration on viability of seed and Rhizobium used for hydroseeding

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (7) ◽  
pp. 701-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Carr ◽  
T. M. Ballard
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Repens ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Water Solution ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata ◽  
Phleum Pratense ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Trifolium Repens L ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Phleum Pratense L ◽  
Fertilizer Solution

For testing salt effects on seed and Rhizobium, 10–30–10 fertilizer and KCl solutions were used; the solutions had an osmotic potential of − 2.5 MPa, equivalent to 90 kg of the fertilizer per cubic metre of water. Solution contact for 1 h slightly affected the viability of Rhizobium trifolii Dangeard but the effects were not of practical significance. Reduced viability was exhibited by Festuca arundinacea Schreb., F. rubra L. var. commutata Gaud., and Trifolium repens L. seed which had been rinsed after 1 h of fertilizer solution contact. Agrostis alba L., Dactylis glomerata L., F. rubra L., Lolium perenne L., L. multiflorum L., Phleum pratense L., T. hybridum L., and T. pratense L. were not significantly affected. In tests of seed unrinsed after solution contact for 1 h, viability of F. rubra, F. arundinacea, and T. repens was significantly reduced; that of L. multiflorum was not. Trifolium repens was more affected than in the test of rinsed seed.As T. repens viability was reduced as much as 30%, seed of this species might be applied separately from hydroseeder slurries having high fertilizer concentrations. Significant effects on other species tested are too small to influence hydroseeding methods, but amount and proportion of the seed mix may be altered where high fertilizer concentrations are used.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document