Localisation of furanocoumarins in the tissues and on the surface of shoots of Heracleum sosnowskyi

Botany ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (11) ◽  
pp. 1057-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Mirosława Chwil
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Heracleum Sosnowskyi ◽  
Epidermal Surface ◽  
Light Fluorescence ◽  
Scanning Electron

Heracleum sosnowskyi Manden. was introduced in Poland as a fodder plant. Currently, it is regarded as an invasive plant posing a health hazard to humans and animals and a threat to native flora. The aim of the study was to localise furanocoumarins in the stem and leaf tissues. The investigations were carried out using light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy as well as histochemical assays. The epidermis of the analysed organs bears live, non-capitate hairs with variable length, which contain lipids, essential oils, polysaccharides, tannins, and furanocoumarins. The observations performed with scanning electron microscopy revealed the presence of a foamy substance and furanocoumarin crystals on the surface of the trichomes and other epidermal cells, as well as in the parenchyma cells. Characteristic furanocoumarin autofluorescence was present in the epidermis and on its surface, as well as in the subepidermal parenchyma. Secondary fluorescence was emitted by furanocoumarins in different leaf petiole tissues: psoralen, bergapten, and xanthotoxin. We have detected for the first time the presence of furanocoumarins in different tissues of leaves in H. sosnowskyi. Furanocoumarins were also abundantly present on the epidermal surface of cells. This explains why the contact with the plant is dangerous to humans and results in development of photodermatoses.

Effect of Voltage on the Energy Dispersive Microanalysis of Single Asbestos Fibers in the SEM

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 530-531
Author(s):  
John M. Wehrung ◽  
Richard J. Harniman ◽  
James H. McAlear
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Asbestos Fibers ◽  
Energy Dispersive Microanalysis ◽  
Asbestos Contamination ◽  
Scanning Electron

Asbestos contamination and subsequent inhalation and ingestion is becoming recognized as a substantial public health hazard. High resolution scanning electron microscopy has been employed to evaluate air and water samples for the occurence and nature of asbestos fiber contamination. This method has many advantages over the more time consuming and costly TEM methods with equal capability of resolving elemental fibrils (fig. 1).

scholarly journals Scanning electron microscopic studies on tongue of open-nesting honey bees Apis dorsata F. and Apis florea F. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 324-327
Author(s):  
Neelima R. Kumar ◽  
Kalpna Nayyar ◽  
Ruchi Sharma ◽  
Anudeep Anudeep
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Apis Florea ◽  
Apis Dorsata ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Native Flora ◽  
Scanning Electron

Taste stimuli play vital role in the life of honey bees. Sensory structures observed on tongue of the honey bees with the help of Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) have become an important tool in analyzing honey bee biodiversity which offers an advanced diagnostic tool to study honey bee biogeography and determine adaptive variations to native flora. Tongue of honey bees present a high geographic variability in regard to the floral resources visited by the bees. The present study has determined to determine differences in the tongue ofopen-nesting bees by scanning electron microscopy of Apis dorsata and Apis florea. The two bees showed distinct morphological variations with respect to the lapping and sucking apparatus. It was observed that the ridges on the proximal region exhibited rough surface on A.dorsata whereas spinous in case of A.florea. Moreover, the arrangement of hair in the middle part of the tongue also differed in the two species. The shape of flabellum differed in the two species reason being the influence of native flora. It was observed that the shape of flabellum was oval in A.dorsata whereas in A.florea it was triangular. These differences indicated for the role of native flora and honey bee biodiversity.

The structure of the rhizosphere of maize seedling roots, a cryogenic scanning electron microscopy study

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (12) ◽  
pp. 2431-2435 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fyson ◽  
P. Kerr ◽  
J. N. A. Lott ◽  
A. Oaks
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Microscopy Study ◽  
Entire Length ◽  
Epidermal Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

The surface of primary roots of maize (Zea mays cv. W64A × 182E) seedlings grown in a field soil was examined after cryogenic preparation of samples for scanning electron microscopy. The very short preparation time of this method and the absence of fixation and drying procedures give excellent preservation of the spatial organization of the rhizosphere. As root hairs develop, they carry soil clear of the epidermal surface to form a distinct soil sheath layer. Root hairs remain turgid along the entire length of the primary root of the seedlings studied and are often distorted as a result of their growth around obstructing soil aggregates. The epidermal surface remains remarkably clean along the entire length of the root. Fractures of frozen roots reveal that the epidermis is covered by a thin layer that may be mucilage. Very few microorganisms are observed on the epidermal surface.

Studies on the achene morphology of Turkish species of Scorzonera L. (Asteraceae) using light and scanning electron microscopy

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 247 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Coşkunçelebi ◽  
Serdar Makbul ◽  
Seda Okur
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Surface Pattern ◽  
Epidermal Surface ◽  
Surface Patterns ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
Scanning Electron

Macro- and micromorphological features of achenes belonging to 59 taxa from Turkey were observed via light and scanning electron microscopy. The findings agree with the traditional subdivision of Scorzonera into S. subg. Scorzonera, S. subg. Podospermum and S. subg. Pseudopodospermum. Members of S. subg. Podospermum were distinguished by achenes with a distinct carpopodium and horizontally striped epidermal cell surface; members of S. subg. Pseudopodospermum were distinguished by achenes with a conspicuous carpopodium and often ruminate and sometimes rugose-granulate or smooth epidermal surface, and members of Scorzonera s.str were distinguished by achenes without a carpopodium and with various combinations of surface patterns. The results also showed that the length, pubescence and surface pattern of achenes, as well as the carpopodium and anticlinal and periclinal walls of the epidermal cells are valuable for delimiting the examined species within the genus.

scholarly journals Anatomy and trichome micromorphology of Stachys scardica (Griseb.) Hayek (Lamiaceae)

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 1217-1226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavica Grujic ◽  
Sonja Duletic-Lausevic ◽  
Ana Dzamic ◽  
P.D. Marin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Peltate Trichomes ◽  
Stem Leaf ◽  
Scanning Electron

The anatomy and micromorphology of the vegetative organs and calyx of Stachys scardica (Griseb.) Hayek were investigated using light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The analysis of the anatomical structure of stem, leaf and leaf petiole showed the presence of an additional adaxial phloem in the vascular bundle of the petiole that was recorded exclusively in species belonging to the subgenus Betonica. On the surface of studied plant parts, three types of trichomes were found: simple nonglandular uniseriate multicellular, nonglandular branched elongated and glandular peltate trichomes. The present study shows that certain micromorphological and anatomical features of Stachys taxa are valuable taxonomic characters.

scholarly journals Appearance of phenotypic plasticity of leaves in psammophyte Corynephorus canescens during flooding

2021 ◽  
Vol 91-92 ◽  
pp. 24-35
Author(s):  
Olena Nedukha
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Silicon Content ◽  
Crystalline Silicon ◽  
Oxygen Balance ◽  
Epidermal Surface ◽  
Corynephorus Canescens ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
Scanning Electron

The results of the study of the leaf structure in psammophyte Corynephorus canescens, which grew under controlled conditions and flooding using the methods of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and laser confocal microscopy, are presented. This study revealed common and distinctive signs of morphological and anatomical parameters of C. canescens leaves in the phase of vegetative growth. Among the common features were the shape and size of the leaf laminas, hypostomatic type of the leaf, isolateral structure of the parenchyma, the thick-walled epidermis, and the bilayered hypodermis. Among the distinctive features were the signs of the destruction of cells in the photosynthetic parenchyma, change in their shape with the formation of protuberances at the cells’ poles, and almost doubling area of the aerenchyma in C. canescens leaves under flooding conditions. Scanning electron microscopy showed the similarity of ultrastructure and density of trichomes on the adaxial surface, excepting the formation of cuticular wax structures on the epidermal surface of the leaves in flooded plants. The subcellular localization of silicon inclusions was studied for the first time. The presence of amorphous and small crystalline silicon inclusions in the periclinal walls of the main epidermal cells and amorphous silicon inclusions in leaf trichomes was established. An increase in the relative silicon content along the trichomes in the leaves’ epidermis after flooding was revealed. It was assumed that the phenotypic plasticity of C. canescens, is realized through the increasing area of aerenchyma in leaves and increasing silicon content in trichomes. Such plasticity helps to optimize both the oxygen balance of plants and water balance in flooded plants, thus increasing the species’ resistance to prolonged flooding.

Pathogenesis of Human Hair Defects

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
P.S. Porter ◽  
T. Aoyagi ◽  
R. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using standard techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), over 1000 human hair defects have been studied. In several of the defects, the pathogenesis of the abnormality has been clarified using these techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to present several distinct morphologic abnormalities of hair and to discuss their pathogenesis as elucidated through techniques of scanning electron microscopy.

Ultrastructural Analysis of the Salivary Glands of Gromphadorhina Portentosa (Schaum)

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
P.J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Topographical Relief

The structure of insect salivary glands has been extensively investigated during the past decade; however, none have attempted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in ultrastructural examinations of these secretory organs. This study correlates fine structure by means of SEM cryofractography with that of thin-sectioned epoxy embedded material observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Salivary glands of Gromphadorhina portentosa were excised and immediately submerged in cold (4°C) paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative1 for 2 hr, washed and post-fixed in 1 per cent 0s04 in phosphosphate buffer (4°C for 2 hr). After ethanolic dehydration half of the samples were embedded in Epon 812 for TEM and half cryofractured and subsequently critical point dried for SEM. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with approximately 150 Å of gold in a cold sputtering apparatus.Figure 1 shows a cryofractured plane through a salivary acinus revealing topographical relief of secretory vesicles.

Two- or three-way observations of the identical cell elements within the same sections by LM, TEM and/or SEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakazo Watari ◽  
Yasuaki Hotta ◽  
Yoshio Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Identical Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

It is very useful if we can observe the identical cell elements within the same sections by light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sequentially, because, the cell fine structure can not be indicated by LM, while the color is; on the other hand, the cell fine structure can be very easily observed by EM, although its color properties may not. However, there is one problem in that LM requires thick sections of over 1 μm, while EM needs very thin sections of under 100 nm. Recently, we have developed a new method to observe the same cell elements within the same plastic sections using both light and transmission (conventional or high-voltage) electron microscopes.In this paper, we have developed two new observation methods for the identical cell elements within the same sections, both plastic-embedded and paraffin-embedded, using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy (Fig. 1).

Spontaneous Cataract in Nude Athymic Mice

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Bradley ◽  
R. S. Berk ◽  
L. D. Hazlett
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nude Mouse ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Athymic Mice ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Mouse Lens ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nude mouse is a hairless mutant (homozygous for the mutation nude, nu/nu), which is born lacking a thymus and possesses a severe defect in cellular immunity. Spontaneous unilateral cataractous lesions were noted (during ocular examination using a stereomicroscope at 40X) in 14 of a series of 60 animals (20%). This transmission and scanning microscopic study characterizes the morphology of this cataract and contrasts these data with normal nude mouse lens.All animals were sacrificed by an ether overdose. Eyes were enucleated and immersed in a mixed fixative (1% osmium tetroxide and 6% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 0-4°C) for 3 hours, dehydrated in graded ethanols and embedded in Epon-Araldite for transmission microscopy. Specimens for scanning electron microscopy were fixed similarly, dehydrated in graded ethanols, then to graded changes of Freon 113 and ethanol to 100% Freon 113 and critically point dried in a Bomar critical point dryer using Freon 13 as the transition fluid.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document