Effects of light, salinity, and thermoperiod on the seed germination of halophytes

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-841 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ajmal Khan ◽  
Irwin A. Ungar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Light Requirement ◽  
Desert Shrubs ◽  
Suaeda Fruticosa

Seed germination of desert shrubs (Atriplex griffithii Moq., Haloxylon recurvum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss, Suaeda fruticosa (L.) Forssk., Triglochin maritima L.), and a forb (Zygophyllum simplex L.) was studied under various light, temperature, and salinity regimes. Seed germination of Atriplex griffithii, Z. simplex, and Suaeda fruticosa was least affected by light, whereas, seeds of H. recurvum and T. maritima had a light requirement for germination. Haloxylon recurvum seeds did not germinate at 10–20 °C in the dark, and no T. maritima seeds germinated in dark at all thermoperiod and salinity regimes studied. Seed germination was inhibited in all species with an increase in salinity, and this inhibition was more substantial in dark than in light. Key words: Atriplex griffithii, halophyte, Haloxylon recurvum, light, seed germination, Suaeda fruticosa, Triglochin maritima, thermoperiod, Zygophyllum simplex.

DETERMINATION OF AFTER-RIPENING PERIOD AND HORMONAL RESPONSE OF OROBANCHE SOLMSII C.D. CLARKE SEEDS

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bista ◽  
G. B. Khattri ◽  
B. D. Acharya ◽  
S. C. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Incubation Period ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Root Parasite ◽  
One Year

To find out the ability of Orobanche seeds to germinate immediately after seed set, seeds were germinated periodically at an interval of three months for one year in GR24. Some Orobanche seeds were capable of germination immediately after seed set but most required about nine months as after ripening or incubation period to be able to germinate. The phenomenon of after ripening in Orobanche seeds could be taken as an ecological measure to dormant over following unfavorable wet summer season. The growth hormone studies on Orobanche seed germination have shown that GA3 at a concentration of 100 ppm substantially enhanced seed germination when applied during pre-conditioning period. NAA showed some stimulatory effect at 0.5 - 1.0 ppm when applied during post-conditioning period but the hormone if applied during pre-conditioning period inhibited the germination. Kinetin failed to stimulate the germination at all the concentrations tested. Key words: Germination, root-parasite, hormone. Ecoprint Vol.11(1) 2004.

Seasonal variations in UV-B absorbing capacity and allelopathic potential of Dittrichia viscosa leaf rinsates

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1371-1374 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Stephanou ◽  
Y. Manetas
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Dittrichia Viscosa ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Allelopathic Interference

The seasonal variations in the amount and the allelopathic potential of the water-soluble, leaf epicuticular exudates in the Mediterranean ruderal Dittrichia viscosa were investigated. Both parameters peaked during the dry, hot, and sunny summer, confirming the prediction that the seasonal fluctuations should be commensurate with the ascribed antitranspirant and phytotoxic functions. In particular, the drainage of the material to the soil with the heavy autumn rains provides excellent timing for exerting its strong allelopathic interference on seed germination, affording D. viscosa a considerable competitive advantage. Key words: allelopathy, Dittrichia viscosa, leaf rinsates, seasonal variations.

scholarly journals Application of Insecticides on Eggs of Callosobruchus chinensis L. Using Different Types of Pulse Seeds

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
MZA Pramanik ◽  
MA Sardar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Seed Damage ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Pulse Beetle ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Emergent Adults

Experiments were carried out in the laboratory to assess the effectiveness of Nogos, Malathion, Sevin and Limper on lentil, gram, grasspea, greengram and blackgram seeds with eggs of pulse beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis L. Insecticides were sprayed on the seeds along with eggs and found that all the tested insecticides inhibited hatching of eggs resulting in significantly lowest rate of adult emergence. Nogos and Malathion recorded the lower number of emergent adults. The overall 26.35- 100% reduction of seed damage and 40-100% weight losses were achieved in insecticides treated seeds of five different types of pulses showing highest reduction in seed damage and weight losses due to Nogos and Malathion treatments. The treatment of the pulse seeds with the insecticides did not affect the seed germination. Key words: Insecticides, pulse beetle, egg treatment, pulses, seed damage.

Seedling emergence after maternal bentazon application to 10 cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) populations

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 863-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Paul B. Cavers
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Xanthium Strumarium ◽  
Cultivated Land ◽  
Mother Plants ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Seedling Characteristics

Maternal environments have been reported to affect various seed and seedling characteristics in many plants. In this study, we examined the effect of bentazon application to the mother plants on seed germination and seedling emergence of 10 cocklebur populations from wetlands or cultivated land. The mortality or longevity of fully developed seeds was affected significantly by bentazon application. Rate of seedling emergence showed little response, whereas percentage seedling emergence and percentage viable seeds in the soil were reduced by bentazon treatment to the mother plants. Populations from wetlands produced seedlings earlier than those from cultivated land. Key words: Seedling emergence, seed bank, herbicide, bentazon, cocklebur, Xanthium strumarium

scholarly journals Influence of Light and Temperature on Seed Germination of Flame Azalea

1989 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asiah A. Malek ◽  
Frank A. Blazich ◽  
Stuart L. Warren ◽  
James E. Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Light Requirement ◽  
Alternating Temperature

Abstract Seeds of flame azalea [Rhododendron calendulaceum (Michx.) Torr.] were germinated at 25°C (77°F) and 25°/15°C (77°/59°F) with daily photoperiods of 0, ½, ½ twice daily, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hr. Seeds exhibited an obligate light requirement. At 25°C (77°F), increasing photoperiods increased germination with maximum germination (85%) occurring by day 12 under continuous illumination. The alternating temperature of 25°/15°C (77°/59°F) enhanced germination when light was limiting. At this temperature, maximum germination of 84 to 91% was reached by day 24 for all photoperiods ≥½ hr although at photoperiods ≥4 hr, comparable germination was noted at day 18.

scholarly journals Seed Germination of Selected Provenances of Atlantic White-Cedar as Influenced by Stratification, Temperature, and Light

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura G. Jull ◽  
Frank A. Blazich
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
New Jersey ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Total Darkness ◽  
Light Requirement ◽  
White Cedar ◽  
Chamaecyparis Thyoides ◽  
Atlantic White Cedar ◽  
The North ◽  
New London

Seeds of six provenances (Escambia Co., Ala.; Santa Rosa Co., Fla.; Wayne Co., N.C.; Burlington Co., N.J.; New London Co., Conn.; and Barnstable Co., Mass.) of Atlantic white-cedar [Chamaecyparis thyoides (L.) B.S.P.] were stratified (moist-prechilled) for 0, 30, 60, or 90 days at 4 °C. Following stratification, seeds were germinated at 25 °C or an 8/16-hour thermoperiod of 30/20 °C with daily photoperiods at each temperature of 0 (total darkness), 1, or 24 hours. The germination of nonstratified seed did not exceed 18%. Seeds germinated at 25 °C required 60 to 90 days stratification to maximize germination. In contrast, 30 days stratification maximized germination at 30/20 °C. Regardless of stratification duration, germination was generally lower at 25 °C than at 30/20 °C for each provenance. Averaged over all treatments, seeds of the Alabama provenance exhibited the greatest germination (61%), followed by those from Florida (45%), with the remaining provenances ranging from 20% to 38%. However, specific treatments for each provenance induced germination >50%. Germination of seeds not exposed to light was <8%, in contrast with 48% and 55% germination for daily photoperiods of 1 and 24 hours, respectively. Seeds from each of the provenances, except for Alabama, exhibited an obligate light requirement when germinated at 25 °C. At 30/20 °C, the North Carolina, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Massachusetts provenances required light for germination, whereas the Alabama and Florida provenances did not.

Germination ecology of the perennial herb Xyris longiscapa: inter-annual variation in seed germination and seasonal dormancy cycles

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Túlio G. S. Oliveira ◽  
Queila S. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Campo Rupestre ◽  
Light Requirement ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Germination Ecology ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Dormancy Cycles

AbstractGermination ecology was investigated in a natural population of Xyris longiscapa, a perennial herbaceous species endemic to the Brazilian campo rupestre. Seeds were collected over four consecutive years (2014 to 2017) to evaluate germination responses to a range of temperatures (from 15 to 30°C). The light requirement was evaluated in seeds collected in 2014. Seeds collected in 2014 were also buried in soil in the natural habitat of the species to evaluate changes in germinability at different temperatures over the time. Seeds showed an absolute light requirement for germination. Seed germination was affected by temperature, collection year and the interaction between these two factors. Seeds collected in 2014 showed a narrower temperature range for germination (15–20°C), compared with the seeds collected in 2015, 2016 and 2017 that germinated in a temperature range of 15–25°C. Buried seeds remained viable in soil for at least 14 months and exhibited seasonal dormancy cycling. Secondary dormancy was induced during the rainy season and alleviated during the dry season, following a conditional dormancy/dormancy cycle. The degree of primary dormancy appeared to be influenced by the environmental conditions experienced by seeds during maturation. Primary dormancy (when present), seed persistence in soil and seasonal dormancy cycles are strategies of X. longiscapa to enhance regeneration success in the harsh environment of the Brazilian campo rupestre.

Đánh giá một số dòng cà chua mới chọn tạo và khả năng tạo hạt lai của những dòng triển vọng tại Đà Lạt, Lâm Đồng/Evaluation of new tomato lines and capability of hybrid seed production of potential tomato lines at Dalat, Lamdong

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Đình Thi ◽  
Trần Đăng Hòa ◽  
Nguyễn Thế Nhuận ◽  
Phạm Thị Mùi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Tomato Variety ◽  
Fruit Setting

Tóm tắt. Kết quả thí nghiệm của chúng tôi cho thấy: 1) 27 dòng cà chua thí nghiệm có các chỉ tiêu nông sinh học tương đối đa dạng, mức độ nhiễm sâu bệnh hại ít, chất lượng và tiềm năng cho năng suất quả cao. Đây là nguồn gen phong phú để lựa chọn sử dụng tạo giống lai; 2) Có 4 dòng có triển vọng và phù hợp với thị hiếu người tiêu dùng trong nước, các tính trạng tương đối ổn định là: 389, 485, 691 và 709; 3) Trong 12 tổ hợp lai (♀/♂) từ 4 dòng triển vọng, 4 tổ hợp có khả năng tạo hạt lai kém là: 691x709, 485x709, 709x691 và 389x691. 8 tổ hợp lai còn lại có các chỉ tiêu tỷ lệ đậu quả, số hạt/quả đạt chất lượng, số hạt lép/quả, khối lượng 1000 hạt, tỉ lệ nảy mầm của hạt lai đều đạt giá trị cao. 4) Cần tiếp tục so sánh con lai của 8 tổ hợp lai này với giống cà chua đang được sản xuất đại trà tại Lâm Đồng để đánh giá và tuyển chọn chúng trong những vụ tiếp theo. Từ khóa: dòng cà chua mới, hạt giống laiAbstract. The results of our research were indicated that: 1) 27 new tomato lines in our experiment have hightly variance in bio-agronomic characters, lack of pest infection, hight potential on quality and yield. They are good genetic resources for hybride seed breeding; 2) 4 potential tomato lines are 389, 485, 691 and 709; 3) in 12 crossing combination (♀/♂) for hybride seed breeding from 4 potential tomato lines, 4 crossing combination have bad in hybrid seed production (691x709, 485x709, 709x691 và 389x691), 8 crossing combination have good in fruit-setting, seeds number/fruit, 1.000 seeds weight, seed vigor and seed germination indicates. 4) Need to compare 8 crossing combination for hybrid seed breeding with commonalty tomato variety at Lam Dong for continue evaluation and collection in next seasons. Key words: new tomato lines, hybrid seed

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