Phylogeny of Gremmeniella spp. based on sequences of the 5.8S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer region

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 693-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Hamelin ◽  
Jimmy Rail
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Host Specialization ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Abies Sachalinensis ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
5.8S Rdna ◽  
Asian Race ◽  
The North ◽  
Distance Methods

Sequences in the 5.8S rDNA and internal transcribed spacer region were obtained for taxa belonging to Gremmeniella spp., and a phylogenetic analysis was carried out using parsimony and distance methods. A set of hypotheses concerning evolutionary relationships between members of that genus was tested. The hypothesis that all members of Gremmeniella abietina var. abietina are closely related was rejected. It appears that the Asian race is quite divergent from the European and North American races, but could be more closely related to G. abietina var. balsamea. The phylogeny was consistent with host specificity: members of G. abietina var. abietina generally do not infect Abies or Picea spp. but the Asian race occurs on Abies sachalinensis in Japan. The hypothesis that host specialization has created divergence within G. abietina var. balsamea was supported by our analysis because the levels of divergence between isolates originating from Picea spp. and Abies spp. were similar to those found between the North American and European races of G. abietina var. abietina. The hypothesis that greater divergence occurred between Gremmeniella abietina and Gremmeniella laricina than between G. abietina var. abietina and G. abietina var. balsamea was not supported. The level of divergence was as large between the two varieties within G. abietina as between the two species G. abietina and G. laricina. These results indicate that similar taxonomic levels should be applied to these three taxa. Key words: scleroderris canker, internal transcribed spacer (ITS).

Evolutionary relationships in Oxytropis species, as estimated from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences point to multiple expansions into the Arctic

Botany ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 770-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Archambault ◽  
Martina V. Strömvik
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Data Set ◽  
The North ◽  
North American Arctic

Species of the genus Oxytropis are distributed in the northern hemisphere, especially in alpine and arctic areas. Although comprehensive taxonomic treatments exist for local floras, an understanding of the evolutionary relationships is lacking for the genus as a whole. To determine if different ancestral Oxytropis species colonized the North American Arctic separately, as suggested by taxonomy, we sequenced the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region from 16 Oxytropis specimens, including four species that were used in a previous transcriptome study. In addition, 81 other Oxytropis ITS sequences were retrieved from public sequence databases and included in the analysis. The whole data set was analyzed using phylogenetic trees and statistical parsimony networks. Results show that all Oxytropis ITS sequences are very similar. Furthermore, at least six lineages evolved from different temperate ancestors to colonize the North American Arctic. This pattern is believed to be typical of the arctic flora. Additionally, the sequence relationship analyses confirm that the subgenus Phacoxytropis may be ancestral in Oxytropis.

Phylogeny of Braya and Neotorularia (Brassicaceae) based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast trnL intron sequences

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne I Warwick ◽  
Ihsan A Al-Shehbaz ◽  
Connie Sauder ◽  
James G Harris ◽  
Marcus Koch
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Its Sequences ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Trnl Intron ◽  
The North

Sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the chloroplast trnL intron were used to examine the evolutionary relationships and generic delimitations of Braya, Neotorularia, Dichasianthus, and Sisymbriopsis. Several species, especially the North American - Asian Braya (= Neotorularia) humilis (C.A. Mey.) B.L. Rob., were previously assigned to more than one genus. Sequence data were obtained from all Braya species, except Braya pilosa Hook., seven species of Neotorularia, one of Dichasianthus, and two of Sisymbriopsis. Maximum parsimony analyses showed a poly phyletic origin for Neotorularia, with the genus split into three or four major clades. For both the ITS and trnL sequence data, three species (Neotorularia brachycarpa (Vassilcz.) Hedge & J. Léonard, Neotorularia gamosepala (Hedge) O'Kane & Al-Shehbaz, and Neotorularia humilis (C.A. Mey.) Hedge & J. Léonard) fell within the Braya clade; Neotorularia korolkowii (Regel & Schmalh.) Hedge & J. Léonard formed a separate clade with Dichasianthus subtilissimus (Popov) Ovcz. & Yunussov, while Neotorularia torulosa (Desf.) Hedge & J. Léonard, Neotorularia contor tuplicata (Stephan ex Willd.) Hedge & J. Léonard, Neotorularia dentata (Freyn & Sint.) Hedge & J. Léonard, and Neotorularia tetracmoides (Boiss. & Hausskn.) Hedge & J. Léonard formed either one clade (trnL data) or two clades (ITS data). Sisymbriopsis was not monophyletic, although ITS and trnL data showed a weakly supported relationship between Sisymbriopsis mollipila (Maxim.) Botsch. and one of the Neotorularia clades. Except for Braya forrestii W.W. Sm., which is well supported as sister to the remainder of the Braya clade (ITS data), ITS and trnL sequences showed poor resolution within Braya. Additive ITS sequences indicated allopolyploid origins for Braya fernaldii Abbe, Braya longii Fernald, and three accessions of Braya glabella Richardson (all species with 2n = 56). Morphology and molecular data strongly suggest expanding Braya to include N. humilis, N. brachycarpa, and N. gamosepala; delimiting Neotorularia to include N. torulosa, N. contortuplicata, N. dentata, N. korolkowii, N. tetracmoides, D. subtilissimus, and S. mollipila; and revising Sisymbriopsis.Key words: Braya, Neotorularia, Dichasianthus, Sisymbriopsis, ITS, trnL, Brassicaceae.

Amanita mansehraensis, a new species in section Vaginatae from Pakistan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 409 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
MALKA SABA ◽  
DANNY HAELEWATERS ◽  
MUHAMMAD FIAZ ◽  
ABDUL NASIR KHALID ◽  
DONALD H. PFISTER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Bayesian Inferences ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Amanita subgenus Amanita sect. Vaginatae is described and illustrated based on material collected in pine forests in district Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw, Pakistan. Amanita mansehraensis is recognized by the presence of a light brown or light greyish olive pileus with strong brown or deep brown pileus center; non-appendiculate, rimose, sulcate or plicate striate pileus margin; subglobose to ellipsoid basidiospores; and a saccate volva. The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nrLSU) were used for the delimitation of this species based on sequence data. The evolutionary relationships of A. mansehraensis with other species of Amanita were inferred by means of Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inferences of the nrLSU dataset and concatenated ITS+nrLSU dataset. Amanita mansehraensis is most closely related to A. brunneofuliginea, A. pseudovaginata, and the recently described A. glarea.

Population structure of Heterobasidion annosum from North America and Europe

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 1064-1071 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Otrosina ◽  
Thomas E. Chase ◽  
Fields W. Cobb Jr. ◽  
Kari Korhonen
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
The North ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Intersterility Groups ◽  
European Populations

Isolates of Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. representing North American S and P and European S, P, and F intersterility groups were subjected to isozyme analysis. European S, P, and F groups had more variability than the North American S and P groups in expected hterozygosity, number of alleles per locus, and percent polymorphic loci. In contrast with the North American S and P groups, the European intersterility groups could not be distinguished from each other on the basis of individual isozyme loci, although significant differences in allele frequencies exist between European S and P groups. This suggests that evolution proceeded at different rates in the intersterility groups, or intersterility barriers appeared later in the European populations relative to the North American populations of H. annosum. Changes in climate and host species associations during the Tertiary may have been a major factor in evolution of H. annosum intersterility groups. Key words: allozymes, forest tree hosts, playnological events, evolutionary relationships, Hymenomycetes, root disease.

Amanita mansehraensis, a new species in section Vaginatae from Pakistan

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 401 (3) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
MALKA SABA ◽  
DANNY HAELEWATERS ◽  
MUHAMMAD FIAZ ◽  
ABDUL NASIR KHALID ◽  
DONALD H. PFISTER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Bayesian Inferences ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Amanita subgenus Amanita sect. Vaginatae is described and illustrated based on material collected in pine forests in district Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw, Pakistan. Amanita mansehraensis is recognized by the presence of a light brown or light greyish olive pileus with strong brown or deep brown pileus center; non-appendiculate, rimose, sulcate or plicate striate pileus margin; subglobose to ellipsoid basidiospores; and a saccate volva. The internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and large subunit of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nrLSU) were used for the delimitation of this species based on sequence data. The evolutionary relationships of A. mansehraensis with other species of Amanita were inferred by means of Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inferences of the nrLSU dataset and concatenated ITS+nrLSU dataset. Amanita mansehraensis is most closely related to A. brunneofuliginea, A. pseudovaginata, and the recently described A. glarea.

scholarly journals First Report of Heterobasidion annosum on the Endemic Abies hickeli of Southern Mexico

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047-1047 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Garbelotto ◽  
I. Chapela
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
North American ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Southern Mexico ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
The North ◽  
Mexican State ◽  
Standing Trees ◽  
Pinus Spp

The basidiomycete Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.:Fr.) Bref. is a pathogen of conifers in the Northern Hemisphere. This fungus has been previously reported from Pinus spp. (1) and from Abies religiosa (H.B.K.) Schl. et Cham. (2) in Central Mexico. In 1998, H. annosum was collected for the first time from stumps of Abies hickeli Flous et Gaussen in the Southern Mexican State of Oaxaca, at an altitude of 2,900 m (Lat 17° 28′ N, Long 96° 31′ W). Although standing trees at the sampled site were asymptomatic, the sapwood and heartwood of several fir stumps were extensively decayed. The white laminated rot was similar to that caused by H. annosum on other Abies spp. Decay pockets extended to the upper surface of the stumps, indicating the fungus had infected and colonized the tree butts prior to tree felling. H. annosum basidiocarps were found both outside the roots in the duff layer and inside the decay pockets. The anamorph of H. annosum (Spiniger meineckellum (A. Olson) Stalpers) was isolated from the context of three basidiocarps. Based on comparative analysis of DNA sequences of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region, all three isolates belonged to the North American S intersterility group (ISG). This report expands the host and the geographic ranges of the North American S ISG, and represents the world's southernmost finding of an Abies species infected by this pathogen. References: (1) R. Martinez Barrera and R. Sanchez Ramirez. Ciencia Forestal 5(26):3, 1980. (2) M. Ruiz-Rodriguez and L. M. Pinzon-Picaseno. Bol. Soc. Bot. Mexico 54:225, 1994.

Phylogenetic Abnalysis of Malaysian Pineapples Cultivars Based on the DNA Sequence of the Internal Transcribed Spacer Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Topik Hidayat ◽  
K. Chandrika ◽  
A. Farah Izana ◽  
S. A. Azman ◽  
W. Alina
Keyword(s):  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Phylogenetic Study ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Parsimony Analysis ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Status ◽  
Genetic Pattern

The phylogenetic study was conducted to determine the phylogenetic status and evolutionary relationships among the nine commercial pineapple cultivars using sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Genomic DNA was extracted, and the ITS region was amplified and sequenced. Parsimony analysis revealed that Malaysian cultivars could be classified into two major groups based on the ITS region. The first group comprised of the cultivars Sarawak Green Local, Gandul, and N36 whereas the second group consisted of the cultivars Josapine, Yankee, Morris Bentanggur, Morris Gajah, MD2 and MD2/T. Several combinations of synapomorphic characters (leaf and fruit) support this classification system, suggesting the ITS region has the ability to determine the phylogenetic status and relationships of pineapple cultivars. Since each group has its own similar genetic pattern and presumably certain specific biochemical properties, the relationships of pineapple cultivars revealed in the phylogenetic tree can be used as a basis for successful hybridizations to generate new pineapple cultivars.

scholarly journals Heterobasidion annosum and H. parviporum in the Southern Rocky Mountains and Adjoining States

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
James J. Worrall ◽  
Thomas C. Harrington ◽  
James T. Blodgett ◽  
David A. Conklin ◽  
Mary Lou Fairweather
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Pinus Ponderosa ◽  
North American ◽  
Heterobasidion Annosum ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Juniperus Virginiana ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer Region ◽  
Host Group ◽  
Apparent Lack ◽  
The North

Collections of Heterobasidion spp. from Nebraska, Colorado, Arizona, and New Mexico were identified based on the sequence of the internal transcribed spacer region of the ribosomal DNA. The North American variant of Heterobasidion annosum sensu stricto was found on Pinus ponderosa and Juniperus virginiana in central Nebraska, southern Colorado, central Arizona, and southern New Mexico. The North American variant of H. parviporum was found on Abies concolor and Picea engelmannii in southern Colorado and central New Mexico. The pathogens were not found in a survey of conifer forests in Wyoming and the Black Hills of South Dakota. Historical records of annosus root disease are reviewed by host group to gain more insight into the potential distributions of the respective pathogens. An apparent lack of overlap in host range suggests that substitution of tree species may be a useful management approach in some cases.

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