Are Synthyris and Besseya closely related to Wulfenia (Scrophulariaceae – Veroniceae)? Evidence from floral development

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (10) ◽  
pp. 1662-1675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Kampny
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Seed Morphology ◽  
Corolla Lobe ◽  
Development Patterns ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Besseya Alpina

Within the tribe Veroniceae (Scrophulariaceae), Synthyris and Besseya have been grouped at times with Wulfenia, because of their rosette habit, and with cauline-leaved Veronica, because of similarities of pollen and seed morphology. Floral development patterns of Synthyris reniformis, Besseya alpina, and Wulfenia carinthiaca were studied with quantitative methods to contribute additional evidence towards resolving the phylogenetic relationships of those genera. For each species, 19 flower organ measurements were taken on each of 50 buds from all stages of development. Compared to the fast early corolla development observed in most Scrophulariaceae, all species examined shared a delay in early corolla tube growth which was less extreme than that observed in Veronica. A strong delay in early corolla lobe growth was shared only between Veronica, Synthyris, and Besseya. This derived attribute is a possible synapomorphy supporting hypotheses of monophyly of those genera. Summarizing all measurements with multigroup principal components analysis showed that the overall floral allometries of Wulfenia have more similarity with those of Digitalis than with Veronica and relatives; this concurs with evidence from vegetative and reproductive morphology. Key words: floral development, allometry, phylogeny.

A Comparison of Two Quantitative Methods of Analysing Thyroid Dynamic Studies in Nuclear Medicine

1979 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32
Author(s):  
A. S. Houston ◽  
N. R. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Good Separation ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Dynamic Studies ◽  
Components Analysis

AbstractTwo quantitative methods of analysing thyroid dynamic studies using 99mTc O-4 are compared for 33 patients (22 euthyroid, 8 hyperthyroid and 3 hypothyroid). A physiological model based on pertechnetate uptake by the thyroid is compared with principal components analysis. Both methods gave good separation between euthyroid and hvperthyroid in all but one case, while the separation between euthyroid and hypothyroid, although based on a small sample, appeared to be better for principal components analysis.

Delimiting the Sydney speech community

1987 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Horvath ◽  
David Sankoff
Keyword(s):  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Australian English ◽  
Linguistic Behaviour

ABSTRACTQuantitative analyses of large data sets make use of both linguistic and sociological categories in sociolinguistic studies. While the linguistic categories are generally well-defined and there are sufficient tokens for further definition based on mathematical manipulation, the social characteristics such as socioeconomic class or ethnicity are neither. The familiar problem of grouping speakers by such sociological characteristics prior to quantitative analysis is addressed and an alternative solution – principal components analysis – is suggested. Principal components analysis is used here as a heuristic for grouping speakers solely on the basis of linguistic behaviour; the groups thus defined can then be described according to sociological characteristics. In addition, by naming the principal components, the major linguistic and social dimensions of the variation in the data can be identified. Principal components analysis was applied to vowel variation data collected as part of a sociolinguistic survey of English in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. (Sociolinguistics, variation studies, quantitative methods in linguistics, dialectology, Australian English, role of migrants in language change)

Diagnoses Generated by Numerical Taxonomic Methods Applied to Standard Blood Variables

1980 ◽  
Vol 19 (04) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
L. A. Abbott ◽  
J. B. Mitton
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Principal Components Analysis ◽  
Discriminant Function ◽  
Principal Components ◽  
Discriminant Function Analysis ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Infectious Hepatitis ◽  
Components Analysis

Data taken from the blood of 262 patients diagnosed for malabsorption, elective cholecystectomy, acute cholecystitis, infectious hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, or chronic renal disease were analyzed with three numerical taxonomy (NT) methods : cluster analysis, principal components analysis, and discriminant function analysis. Principal components analysis revealed discrete clusters of patients suffering from chronic renal disease, liver cirrhosis, and infectious hepatitis, which could be displayed by NT clustering as well as by plotting, but other disease groups were poorly defined. Sharper resolution of the same disease groups was attained by discriminant function analysis.

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