Elemental composition of globoids in the perisperm tissue of various seeds

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 954-957 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Marcia West ◽  
Derrick T. Flannigan ◽  
John N.A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Piper Nigrum ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Phytate Phosphorus ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Yucca Brevifolia ◽  
Nutrient Reserves ◽  
Mature Seeds ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

The mature seeds of some angiosperms contain perisperm tissue derived from remains of the nucellus tissue of the ovule. In our transmission electron microscopy studies, the perisperm tissues of the seeds of Yucca brevifolia, Coffea arabica, Beta vulgaris, Piper nigrum, and Zostera capricorni contained naturally electron-dense globoids. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis of globoids from the perisperm tissues of these seeds revealed varying levels of phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium, results that are consistent with the presence of the mineral nutrient store called phytate. Phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and other mineral nutrients, likely stored as phytate, have routinely been located in globoids of endosperm, female gametophyte, and embryo tissues of seeds. Key words: perisperm, globoids, mineral nutrient reserves, phosphorus, seeds, energy dispersive X-ray analysis.

Light and electron microscopic and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis studies of globoids in protein bodies of embryo tissues and the aleurone layer of rice (Otyza sativa L.) grains

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
pp. 1137-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomikichi Wada ◽  
John N. A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Aleurone Layer ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Future

To understand the differences in mineral nutrient storage within tissues and organs of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains, the distribution of globoids in rice embryo and endosperm tissues was examined using light and transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis was used to study globoid composition. Globoids were found in most embryo tissues, including provascular cells, and their location and size in sections of protein bodies is described. While P, Mg, and K were commonly detected in all globoids, other elements such as Ca, Mn, Fe, and Zn were sometimes detected in globoids of specific tissues and (or) regions. High peak-to-background ratios for P were obtained in globoids of scutellar and aleurone cells, and moderately high values were detected in ground meristem regions of the mesocotyl and coleoptile. Relatively high K levels were found in globoids in parenchyma cells of the scutellum and coleorhiza; in provascular cells of the radicle; and in ground meristem cells from the mesocotyl, coleoptile, and plumule. Calcium was mainly detected in globoids of the aleurone layer. Iron was mostly found in radicle tissue globoids. Zinc was commonly found in globoids of the scutellar epithelium and in provascular tissues of the mesocotyl, coleoptile, and radicle. Manganese was distributed throughout most of the tissues examined, but the highest levels of Mn were detected in globoids from the coleoptile tip regions and the plumule. A novel finding was that, in the provascular tissues of the coleoptile tip, distinctive differences were found in Mn, Fe, and Zn storage between globoids in the future xylem and the future phloem. Key words: EDX analysis, embryos, globoids, mineral storage, phytate, Oryza sativa, rice.

A morphological and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) investigation of separator-grade cellophane

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
Michael E. Rock ◽  
Vern Kennedy ◽  
Bhaskar Deodhar ◽  
Thomas G. Stoebe
Keyword(s):  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Battery System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Separator Material ◽  
Underwater Target

Cellophane is a composite polymer material, made up of regenerated cellulose (usually derived from wood pulp) which has been chemically transformed into "viscose", then formed into a (1 mil thickness) transparent sheet through an extrusion process. Although primarily produced for the food industry, cellophane's use as a separator material in the silver-zinc secondary battery system has proved to be another important market. We examined 14 samples from five producers of cellophane, which are being evaluated as the separator material for a silver/zinc alkaline battery system in an autonomous underwater target vehicle. Our intent was to identify structural and/or chemical differences between samples which could be related to the functional differences seen in the lifetimes of these various battery separators. The unused cellophane samples were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Cellophane samples were cross sectioned (125-150 nm) using a diamond knife on a RMC MT-6000 ultramicrotome. Sections were examined in a Philips 430-T TEM at 200 kV. Analysis included morphological characterization, and EDS (for chemical composition). EDS was performed using an EDAX windowless detector.

Pulmonary silicosis in 2 rock hyraxes, and literature review

2021 ◽  
pp. 104063872110575
Author(s):  
Bianca R. Pfisterer ◽  
Anthony L. Ashley ◽  
Robert L. Donnell ◽  
John R. Dunlap ◽  
Kim M. Newkirk
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Intact Male ◽  
Crystal Deposition ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

Two rock hyraxes ( Procavia capensis), from the Chattanooga Zoo, were submitted separately for autopsy at the University of Tennessee Veterinary Medical Center. The first was a 4-y-old intact female that died without premonitory signs and the second was a 10-y-old intact male that was euthanized because of severe renal disease. Microscopically, the lungs of both hyraxes had multifocal-to-coalescing, <1-mm diameter aggregates of epithelioid macrophages separated by streams of fibrous tissue. Macrophages contained intracytoplasmic, clear, acicular, birefringent crystals. Transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy findings on the lung samples were consistent with silica crystal deposition. The hyraxes had been housed together on commercially sourced play sand composed of 99–99.5% quartz, a crystalline silica polymorph. The microscopic findings, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy of the intrahistiocytic crystals, in addition to the history of exposure to crystalline silica, were consistent with pulmonary silicosis. Pulmonary silicosis has not been reported previously in rock hyraxes, to our knowledge.

Structural and analytical studies of the silicified macrohairs from the lemma of the grass Phalaris canariensis L

1984 ◽  
Vol 222 (1229) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analytical Studies ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Cellular Control ◽  
Phalaris Canariensis

Silicified macrohairs from mature and immature lemmas of the grass Phalaris canariensis L. have been studied by scanning (s.e.m.) and transmission electron microscopy (t.e.m.) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (e.d.X.a.) at various times after emergence of the inflorescence. Within the macrohairs a variety of morphologies of silica particles was observed. E.d.X.a. revealed the time-dependent concentrations in the macrohairs of the elements K, Cl, P, and S, in addition to Si. Much lower levels of these elements were found in highly silicified mature macrohairs than in the immature macrohairs. It is proposed that the hairs are silicified under strict cellular control.

Protein bodies in Datura stramonium seeds: structure and mineral nutrient composition

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 2545-2554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Maldonado ◽  
John N. A. Lott
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Datura Stramonium ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Protein Bodies ◽  
Mineral Nutrient ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Endosperm Protein

The structure of protein bodies in the endosperm and embryo of Datura stramonium was studied with a variety of light-and electron-microscopic techniques. Protein bodies had one to several globoid crystals and one or two protein crystalloids in the proteinaceous matrix. Although the embryo protein bodies rarely had more than two globoid crystals, the endosperm protein bodies had varying sizes and numbers of globoid crystals, even within the same cell. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis of globoid crystals revealed the presence of P, K, and Mg in all cases. Traces of Fe, Mn, and Zn were also found in globoid crystals of protein bodies from certain cell types. The distribution patterns of these three elements were quite specific; for example, Mn traces were found only in the globoid crystals of the protoderm. Neutron-activation analysis of endosperm and embryo tissues was used to quantitatively measure the concentration of Ca, Cl, Cu, I, K, Mg, Mn, Na, and S. The results from structural studies and the element analysis studies are discussed in the context of solanaceous seeds in particular but also with relation to seeds in general. Key words: protein bodies, Datura stramonium, seed, globoid crystals, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, Solanaceae.

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