Immunological detection of an embryogenic-cell protein (ECP31) during stress-induced somatic embryogenesis in carrot

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 651-653 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Kiyosue ◽  
Shinobu Satoh ◽  
Hiroshi Kamada ◽  
Hiroshi Harada
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Embryogenic Competence ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Embryogenic Cell

The accumulation and localization of ECP31, an embryogenic cell protein with a molecular weight of 31 000, was examined with immunoblotting and immunohistochemical analysis during stress-induced somatic embryogenesis in carrot (Daucus carota). ECP31 was not detected in apical tip segments of 7-day-old carrot seedlings. However, it accumulated in the apical tip segments on which somatic embryos had formed after treatment with 0.5 mM NiCl2 or CdCl2 and successive culture on Murashige and Skoog's agar medium without the heavy metal chlorides. ECP31 was localized in proembryo-forming cells located in the periphery of the NiCl2 treated carrot segments but not in developing somatic embryos on these segments. Key words: carrot (Daucus carota), ECP31 (carrot embryogenic cell protein with molecular weight 31 000), embryogenic competence, stress-induced somatic embryogenesis.

Induction of somatic embryogenesis in carrot by heavy metal ions

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2301-2303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Kiyosue ◽  
Koujiro Takano ◽  
Hiroshi Kamada ◽  
Hiroshi Harada
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Chlorides ◽  
Murashige And Skoog's Medium ◽  
Murashige And Skoog’S Medium

A new method for the induction of somatic embryos has been demonstrated. Somatic embryos were formed without a visible interventing callus stage when apical tips from 1-week-old seedlings of carrot (Daucus carota cv. US-Harumakigosun) were cultured for 1–3 weeks on Murashige and Skoog's medium without growth regulators but containing heavy metal chlorides, such as CoCl2, NiCl2, ZnCl2, and CdCl2, and then transferred to Murashige and Skoog's medium. These results suggest that the stresses caused by these chemicals trigger the induction of somatic embryogenesis in carrot. Key words: Daucus carota, somatic embryo, stress, tissue culture.

scholarly journals Pinus canariensis plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. eSC05
Author(s):  
Ander Castander-Olarrieta ◽  
Paloma Moncaleán ◽  
Itziar A. Montalbán
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Embryogenic Tissue ◽  
Established Cell Line ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Pinus Canariensis ◽  
Embryogenic Cell ◽  
Embryogenic Cell Lines ◽  
Established Cell

Aim of the study: To develop an efficient method to regenerate plants through somatic embryogenesis of an ecologically relevant tree species such as Pinus canariensis.Area of study: The study was conducted in the research laboratories of Neiker-Tecnalia (Arkaute, Spain).Material and methods: Green cones of Pinus canariensis from two collection dates were processed and the resulting immature zygotic embryos were cultured on three basal media. The initiated embryogenic tissues were proliferated testing two subculture frequencies, and the obtained embryogenic cell lines were subjected to maturation. Germination of the produced somatic embryos was conducted and acclimatization was carried out in a greenhouse under controlled conditions.Main results: Actively proliferating embryogenic cell lines were obtained and well-formed somatic embryos that successfully germinated were acclimatized in the greenhouse showing a proper growth.Research highlights: This is the first report on Pinus canariensis somatic embryogenesis, opening the way for a powerful biotechnological tool for both research purposes and massive vegetative propagation of this species.Keywords: acclimatization; Canary Island pine; micropropagation; embryogenic tissue; somatic embryo.Abbreviations used: embryogenic tissue (ET); established cell line (ECL);  somatic embryogenesis (SE); somatic embryos (Se’s).

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis in Lolium multiflorum suspension culture

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Margarita Pavlova ◽  
Elizabeth Kordyum
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Suspension Culture ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Nutrient Medium ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Embryogenic Cell Suspension ◽  
Embryogenic Cell ◽  
Meristematic Cells

The embryogenic cell suspension was obtained from immature embryos of <em>Lolium multiflorum</em> through a callus culture. Somatic embryogenesis was induced by addition of 2,4-D, dicamba and picloram in 0,5 mg/l concentrations in MS liquid nutrient medium. It was shown that somatic embryos arised from single cells. In globular embryoids, the meristematic cells are characterized by the presence of phytoferritin inclusions in the leucoplasts.

scholarly journals Identification of Serk Gene from Bract Derived Embryogenic and Non - Embryogenic Calli of Four Diploid Banana Cultivars from South India

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Smitha P D ◽  
Binoy K R ◽  
Ashalatha S Nair
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Receptor Kinase ◽  
Embryogenic Calli ◽  
Embryogenic Cell ◽  
Diploid Banana ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis Receptor Kinase ◽  
Similar Intensity

Somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase (SERK) gene is known to be a marker of somatic embryogenesis in several plant species. The present study reported the presence of SERK gene from bract derived embryogenic calli bearing somatic embryos. The analysis of the expression pattern of the SERK gene during embryogenic cell formation and somatic embryogenesis revealed that SERK expression continued during pro embryogenic mass formation. In the present study the amplified product of cDNA from the somatic embryos has molecular size 1459 bp. The non- embryogenic callus also showed the presence of faint bands. In all the samples the amplified product from β - actin primer showed bands of 650 bp with similar intensity in both the embryogenic and non- embryogenic samples.

Partial amino-acid sequence of ECP31, a carrot embryogenic-cell protein, and enhancement of its accumulation by abscisic acid in somatic embryos

Planta ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 186 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomohiro Kiyosue ◽  
Jiro Nakayama ◽  
Shinobu Satoh ◽  
Akira Isogai ◽  
Akinori Suzuki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Cell Protein ◽  
Partial Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Embryogenic Cell

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis in goiabeira serrana: genotype response, auxinic shock and synthetic seeds

2001 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUEL P. GUERRA ◽  
LIRIO L. DAL VESCO ◽  
JEAN PIERRE H.J. DUCROQUET ◽  
RUBENS O. NODARI ◽  
MAURÍCIO S. DOS REIS
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Synthetic Seeds ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Embryogenic Competence ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
And Control ◽  
Genotype Response

The induction and control of in vitro somatic embryogenesis is dependent of a number of factors. The genotype of the mother plant donor of explants and the kind of auxin play essential roles in conferring embryogenic competence. Once obtained somatic embryos may be encapsulated in alginate originating synthetic seeds that can be stored at low temperatures. Considering this the present work aimed at the assessment of five different genotypes, five periods of 2,4-D shock (20 muM for 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks) (), and different substances supplemented to sodium alginate to obtain synthetic seeds. Zygotic embryos of Feijoa sellowiana were inoculated in basal LP medium (von Arnold and Erikson, 1981) supplemented with Morel’s vitamins, sucrose (3%) and phytagel (0.2%). The highest rates of somatic embryogenesis induction were observed in the genotypes 50-4 and 101. Shock of two weeks in 2,4-D conferred embryogenic competence in the same levels obtained with the shock of 8 weeks. Histological evaluations revealed the direct origin of the somatic embryos from the epidermic surface of cotyledons. Synthetic seeds containing MS salts and sucrose resulted in higher rates of contamination than capsules free of these substances. KNO3 (100 mM) resulted in the opening of 81.2% of the capsules as compared to 0% of opening in the treatment with water.

scholarly journals In vitro germination and embryogenic competence acquisition of Euterpe edulis Martius immature zygotic embryos

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleber Witt Saldanha ◽  
Maisa Pimentel Martins-Corder
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Zygotic Embryos ◽  
Palm Tree ◽  
In Vitro Germination ◽  
Embryogenic Competence ◽  
Immature Zygotic Embryos

This study evaluated different aspects of in vitro germination and embryogenic competence of immature zygotic embryos of E. edulis. The embryos germinated on full or half-strength MS (MS or MS/2) medium combined with sucrose (20, 30 and 40 g L-1). The effect of calcium chloride concentrations (0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 mM) on the induction of somatic embryogenesis was tested. The embryos were germinated on MS or MS/2. Germination of zygotic embryos and the number of roots per plantlet were not affected by the culture medium and sucrose concentration. Plantlet height and fresh weight were influenced by both; the difference was greatest in MS medium with 40 g L-1 sucrose. The induction of somatic embryogenesis was not influenced by doses of calcium chloride, whereas the number of somatic embryos formed was affected. The germination capacity of somatic embryos of heart-of-palm tree was not influenced by the media tested.

scholarly journals Ontogeny of Grape Somatic Embryos

HortScience ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 587c-587
Author(s):  
D.J. Gray ◽  
K.A. Labeau ◽  
C.M. Benton
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Direct Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Zygotic Embryogenesis ◽  
Culture Vessel ◽  
Embryogenic Cell ◽  
Meristem Development

The development of grape somatic embryos (Vitis vinifera cv. Thompson Seedless) was studied using high-resolution light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Somatic embryos develop either from discrete embryogenic cell clusters (indirect somatic embryogenesis) or from previously formed somatic embryos (direct somatic embryogenesis). In both instances, embryo development begins when a small, isodiametric, densely cytoplasmic cell undergoes a series of organized divisions, which are identical to those observed during zygotic embryogenesis. Developing embryos pass through recognizable embryonic stages, remaining white and opaque through maturity. Upon germination, embryos begin to enlarge, become yellow, then green, and develop into morphologically correct plants. The cells of somatic embryos contain little starch, but abundant storage proteins. However, lipids comprise the primary storage compound. Some developmental abnormalities occur during embryogenesis, including overly enlarged hypocotyls and fewer or more than two cotyledons. In addition, relatively few somatic embryos grow into plants primarily due to inadequate shoot apical meristem development. These abnormalities are best attributed to inadequacies of the in vitro environment of medium in a culture vessel when compared to the in vivo environment of a seed.

Somatic Embryogenesis and In vitro Plant Regeneration in Vigna trilobata (L.) Verd. - A Potential Pasture Legume

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99
Author(s):  
K. Choudhary ◽  
M. Singh ◽  
M. S. Rathore ◽  
N. S. Shekhawat
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Continuous Application ◽  
First Time ◽  
Pasture Legume

This long term study demonstrates for the first time that it is possible to propagate embryogenic Vigna trilobata and to subsequently initiate the differentiation of embryos into complete plantlets. Initiation of callus was possible on 2,4-D. Somatic embryos differentiated on modified MS basal nutrient medium with 1.0 mg/l  of 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/l  of Kn. Sustained cell division resulted in globular and heart shape stages of somatic embryos. Transfer of embryos on to a fresh modified MS basal medium with 0.5 mg/l of Kn and 0.5 mg/l of GA3 helped them to attain maturation and germination. However, the propagation of cells, as well as the differentiation of embryos, were inhibited by a continuous application of these growth regulators. For this reason, a long period on medium lacking these growth regulators was necessary before the differentiation of embryos occurred again. The consequences for improving the propagation of embryogenic cultures in Vigna species are discussed. Key words: Pasture  legume, Vigna trilobata, Globular, Heart shape, somatic embryogenesis D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v19i1.4990 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 19(1): 89-99, 2009 (June)

Somatic Embryogenesis and Plant Development in Eight Cultivars of Pecan

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 573-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.E. Yates ◽  
C.C. Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Fruit Development ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Carya Illinoensis ◽  
Appreciable Variation

The influence of stage of fruit development and plant growth regulators on somatic embryogenesis and the relation of cultivar response on somatic embryogenesis and subsequent plant development have been investigated in eight cultivars of pecan [Carya illinoensis (Wangenh.) C. Koch]. Explants from the micropylar region of the ovule were more embryogenic when removed from fruits in the liquid endosperm stage than were intact ovules from less-mature fruits or from cotyledonary segments of more-mature fruits. Explants conditioned on medium containing auxin alone or auxin + cytokinin produced more somatic embryos than medium containing cytokinin alone. Under the conditions of this study, frequency of embryogenesis, as well as the germination of somatic embryos leading to plant development, indicated appreciable variation among cultivars. Plant development was greatest by far from somatic embryos of `Schley' than other cultivars studied.

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