Mycoflore des aiguilles de Pinus banksiana et Pinus resinosa. I. Champignons endophytes

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 2052-2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Legault ◽  
M. Dessureault ◽  
G. Laflamme
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Strong Preference ◽  
Closed Canopy ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Colonization Rates

The nature and distribution of the endophytic mycoflora isolated from healthy needles of Pinus banksiana and Pinus resinosa growing in plantations or natural stands infected with Scleroderris canker were investigated. Overall colonization rates of the needles were 68 and 89% for P. banksiana and P. resinosa, respectively, and were generally higher in closed canopy stands. For a given tree, colonization rates increased with foliage age but were not influenced by twig orientation. Colonization rates by more than one fungal species were 17% for P. banksiana and 76% for P. resinosa. Two different endophytic species could be found inside the needles of P. banksiana and up to seven in P. resinosa. Brunchorstia pinea, causal agent of Scleroderris canker, was not isolated. Commonly isolated endophytic fungi show a strong preference toward their host: the endophytic mycoflora of P. banksiana needles is almost limited to Coccomyces sp. while Pragmopycnis sp. and three Leptostroma species account for most of the isolates from P. resinosa.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of phylloplane and endophytic fungi from Sapindus mukorossi

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
B.D. Varpe
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Epicoccum Nigrum ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
The Rich ◽  
High Level

Phylloplane biodiversity and endophytic fungi is considered one of the rich origins of novel biological activity compounds and high-level structural variation on the leaf surface. Plant leaves surface is a diverse terrestrial ecosystem, including filamentous fungi. This study aims to study the isolation and enumeration of Sapindus mukorossi phylloplane and endophytic fungal diversity. The Sapindus mukorossi isolated 14 fungal species from 9 genera of phylloplane and endophytic fungi. Cladosporium herbarum, Penicillium expansum, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium sp., Alternaria alternate, Collectotrichum orbiculare, Torulla herbarium, Epicoccum nigrum and Candida sp. as a phylloplane fungi. Aspergillus niger, A. flavus, Epicoccum nigrum. Penicillum digitatum, Penicillum sp. were identified as endophytic fungi.

Distribution of Armillaria ostoyae genets in a Pinus resinosa – Pinus banksiana forest

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 776-787 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Rizzo ◽  
Robert A. Blanchette ◽  
Georgiana May
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Incompatibility Group ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Somatic Incompatibility ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Armillaria Ostoyae ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotypes ◽  
Single Exception

Diploid isolates of Armillaria ostoyae were obtained from 278 trees (including stumps, Pinus banksiana seedlings, and hardwood regeneration) and 78 solitary basidiomes on three 50 × 25 m plots (two clearcut and one uncut) in a Pinus resinosa – P. banksiana stand in northern Minnesota. Based on pairings among 439 isolates, 16 somatic incompatibility groups of A. ostoyae were distinguished on the three plots. Analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial markers suggests that many of the A. ostoyae genets are closely related and were possibly established by sib-related basidiospores. Analysis of molecular markers of 95 isolates representing the 16 somatic incompatibility groups delineated 16 nuclear and 8 mitochondrial haplotypes. All isolates tested within a somatic incompatibility group were identical for nuclear and mitochondrial haplotypes; a single exception consisted of a somatic incompatibility group with three different nuclear genotypes. The combination of somatic incompatibility and molecular data indicates the presence of at least 18 genets on the site. Large (up to 140-m diameter), spatially continuous genets intermingled with small, recently established genets and older, fragmented genets. The approach identified genetic and ecological processes; these include breeding strategies and pathogenicity. Key words: Armillaria ostoyae, somatic incompatibility, population structure, mitochondria.

Preference of Tomicus piniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) parent adults and shoot-feeding progeny adults for three pine species

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan W. Siegert ◽  
Deborah G. McCullough
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Tomicus Piniperda ◽  
Scotch Pine ◽  
Laboratory Bioassay ◽  
Pine Shoot Beetle

AbstractHost preference of the pine shoot beetle, Tomicus piniperda (L.), was investigated in two laboratory choice test studies using red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) (Pinaceae), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), and Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Host preference of parent adult beetles was evaluated using freshly cut, similarly sized logs in a wind tunnel. Parent beetles colonized Scotch pine logs significantly more often when given a choice of Scotch pine and either red pine or jack pine logs, but did not show a preference when presented with red pine and jack pine logs. Host preference of progeny adults was tested in a laboratory bioassay using current-year pine shoots. Shoot-feeding progeny adults initiated tunnels in jack pine shoots significantly more often than in Scotch pine and red pine shoots, and preferred Scotch pine over red pine shoots. Shoots with diameters of 0.4–0.5 cm were attacked most frequently, regardless of species. Results suggest that the two North American pines are suitable hosts, but T. piniperda may be most likely to colonize Scotch pine, a European species. Efforts to detect or monitor T. piniperda populations in the Great Lakes and northeastern regions should focus on areas with abundant Scotch pine brood material. Progeny that emerge from brood material, however, may be as likely to shoot-feed in jack pine as in Scotch pine.

Selective phytotoxicity of hexazinone to Pinus resinosa and Pinus banksiana

1992 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
James E. Wood ◽  
Gerald R. Stephenson ◽  
J.Christopher Hall ◽  
Roger F. Horton
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Resinosa

scholarly journals Molecular Detection of Apiosporina morbosa, Causal Agent of Black Knot in Prunus virginiana

Plant Disease ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 89 (8) ◽  
pp. 815-821 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. X. Zhang ◽  
W. G. D. Fernando ◽  
W. R. Remphrey
Keyword(s):  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Diseased Plant ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Single Spore ◽  
Prunus Virginiana ◽  
Pure Cultures

A specific and sensitive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed to detect Apiosporina morbosa, the causal agent of black knot disease on chokecherry, Prunus virginiana (including the cultivar ‘Shubert Select’). A pair of A. morbosa-specific forward and reverse primers (AMF and AMR) was designed from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions of A. morbosa, preamplified by universal ITS primers ITS1 and ITS4, and compared with the ITS region sequences of Fusarium, Alternaria, Phoma, and Cladosporium species associated with black knots. The primers were tested for their specificity to A. morbosa detection in the PCR assays using DNA derived from 64 pure cultures, including 42 single-spore isolates of A. morbosa and 22 isolates of other fungi, as well as healthy and diseased plant branches collected from the field. A product of ~400 bp was amplified from DNA of all isolates belonging to A. morbosa. No product was amplified from DNA of other fungal species, confirming the specificity of the newly designed primers. Within plant tissues, the pathogen was detected at further distances from the edges of knots on thicker branches bearing larger knots compared with thinner branches bearing smaller knots. The PCR assay has shown high sensitivity, needing only 100 fg of the A. morbosa DNA for a reliable PCR amplification with the AMF and AMR primers.

Long-term mortality rates and spatial patterns in an old-growth Pinus resinosa forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 809-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily J. Silver ◽  
Shawn Fraver ◽  
Anthony W. D’Amato ◽  
Tuomas Aakala ◽  
Brian J. Palik
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Pattern ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Stand Structure ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Stand Age ◽  
Initial Population ◽  
Dead Trees

Understanding natural mortality patterns and processes of forest tree species is increasingly important given projected changes in mortality owing to global change. With this need in mind, the rate and spatial pattern of mortality was assessed over an 89-year period in a natural-origin Pinus resinosa (Aiton)-dominated system to assess these processes through advanced stages of stand development (stand age 120–209 years). Average annual mortality rates fluctuated through time, yet were within the range reported in other studies (0.60%–3.88% depending on species and sampling interval). Tree mortality was attributed to multiple agents, including the senescence of the short-lived Pinus banksiana Lamb., windthrow, root-rot fungi (Armillaria ostoyae (Romagn.) Herink), and perhaps infrequent droughts. Despite the often contagious nature of many disturbance agents, the overall spatial pattern of mortality events (the arrangement of dead trees within the fixed initial population of live trees) was random at all scales tested. Similarly, the current spatial pattern of dead trees was predominantly random, despite clustering at small scales (2–4 m). These findings underscore the importance of studying mortality rates, agents, and spatial patterns over long time periods to avoid misinterpreting stochastic mortality events, and their influence on longer term stand structure and development.

Notes on Leconte's Sawfly

1952 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-61
Author(s):  
A. S. West
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Pinus Resinosa ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Red Pine ◽  
Pine Needles ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Neodiprion Lecontei ◽  
Significant Damage

Leconte's sawfly or the red-headed pine sawfly (Neodiprion lecontei Fitch) is a common insect attacking pines in Ontario. Plantations red pine are almost invariably attacked from the time the trees have reached two to four feet in height. Periodically epidemic populations cause significant damage. The life history and habits of the species have heen described by Middleton (2) who states that this insect attacks practically all species of pine as bell as larch. Schaffner (3) also indicates that the larvae feed on a wide variety of pine and occasionally on other conifers. Red pine (Pinus resinosa Ait.) is undoubtedly the usual host, although in Ontario jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) is sometimes attacked. In 1946 evidence was secured to show that jack pine needles may be selected for oviposition even in an area where red pine foliage is plentiful. (Figure 1).

scholarly journals Bioremoval capacity of phenol by some selected endophytic fungi isolated from Hibiscus sabdariffa and batch biodegradation of phenol in paper and pulp effluents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doaa Montaser Ahmed Khali ◽  
Mohamed Salah Massoud ◽  
Soad A El-Zayat ◽  
Magdi A El-Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Hibiscus Sabdariffa ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Paper And Pulp ◽  
Industrial Samples ◽  
Different Parts

Background and Objectives: The use of endophytic fungi for management of phenol residue in paper and pulp industries has been shown as cost-effective and eco-friendly approach. In this study, isolation of endophytic fungi from roots, stems, and leaves of Hibiscus sabdariffa was conducted. Additionally, the isolated fungi were examined for their ability to degrade phenol and its derivatives in paper and pulp industrial samples, using different growth conditions. Materials and Methods: Out of 35 isolated endophyitc fungi, 31 were examined for their phenol biodegradation capacity using Czapek Dox broth medium containing Catechol and Resorcinol as a sole carbon source at final concentrations of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8%. Results: A total of 35 fungal species belonging to 18 fungal genera were isolated and identified from different parts of H. sabdariffa plants. All strains have the capability for degrading phenol and their derivatives with variable extents. The optimum condition of degrading phenol in paper and pulp effluent samples by Fusarium poae11r7 were at pH 3-5, temperature at 28-35°C, good agitation speed at no agitation and 100 rpm. Conclusion: All endophytic fungal species can utilize phenol and its derivatives as a carbon source and be the potential to degrade phenol in industrial contaminants.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document