Electrophoretic variation in cross-compatible wild diploid species of Cucumis

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 792-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. Staub ◽  
L. Fredrick ◽  
T. L. Marty
Keyword(s):  
Diploid Species ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Wild Diploid Species ◽  
Relative Similarity

Cotyledons of several collections of each taxon of Cucumis africanus Lindley f., C. anguria L. var. anguria, C. anguria var. longipes Meeuse, C. dipsaceus Ehrenb. ex Spach, C. metuliferus E. Mey ex Schrad., C. myriocarpus Naud., C. zeyheri Sond. (2x, 4x), and C. melo L. were surveyed using horizontal starch gel electrophoresis to characterize interspecific and intra-specific variation and to furnish preliminary phylogenetic information with regard to the cross-compatible group of wild African Cucumis species. Eight enzyme systems were studied: shikimate dehydrogenase, triose-phosphate isomerase, glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, glucose-phosphate isomerase, phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, peptidase with phenylalanyl-L-proline, and phosphoglucomutase. All enzymes were polymorphic. Although C. anguria var. anguria accessions from Brazil and Ethiopia were similar, zymograms of C. anguria var. longipes were more similar to the C. melo collections. Results from var. anguria and var. longipes support previous data with regard to their varietal nature. The relative similarity among patterns of C. anguria var. longipes, C. metuliferus, and C. myriocarpus suggests a closer phylogenetic relationship than had previously been proposed. Isozyme similarities between C. anguria var. anguria, C. africanus, and C. dipsaceus suggest some phylogenetic affinities.

scholarly journals Identifying Crabapple Cultivars by Isozymes

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Marquard ◽  
Charlotte R. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Polymorphic Region ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel

Forty-five crabapple (Malus spp.) cultivars were evaluated for 16 isozyme systems by starch gel electrophoresis. Of the 16 systems evaluated, 6 were useful in separating among cultivars. Enzyme systems used to distinguish among the cultivars included alcohol dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucoisomerase, and shikimate dehydrogenase. Each enzyme system produced one well-resolved polymorphic region except for 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, which produced two. Most crabapple selections could be identified when all six enzymes were evaluated. Alcohol dehydrogenase had the most diagnostic banding patterns useful for cultivar identification.

Enzyme variation in Eimeria species of the chicken

Parasitology ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. W. Shirley
Keyword(s):  
Species Differences ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Parasite Stage ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Biochemical Identification ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
First Time

A method for the biochemical identification of protozoa belonging to the genus Eimeria is described for the first time. Starch gel electrophoresis of the enzymes lactate dehydrogenase, glucose phosphate isomerase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase from parasite extracts revealed both intra- and inter-species differences when 11 strains representative of 6 species of Eimeria were examined. Oocysts were the most accessible parasite stage for investigation but sporozoites and merozoites of an embryo-adapted strain of E. tenella were also examined for enzyme activity.

scholarly journals Inheritance of ADH, 6-PGDH, PGM, and SKDH in Allium fistulosum L.

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Mangum ◽  
Ellen B. Peffley
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to study the inheritance of isozyme phenotypes of four enzyme systems [alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH)] in Allium fistulosum L. by monitoring segregations in backcross and F2 progeny. Segregation for most of the polymorphisms fit the expected Mendelian ratios as tested by the chi-square statistic. Three new isozyme loci were defined for onion. Two loci were found for 6-PGDH. Locus one was dimeric with two alleles, and locus two was monomorphic. SKDH was monomeric with two alleles.

scholarly journals Identification of Sweetpotato Cultivars Using Isozyme Analysis

HortScience ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry S. Kennedy ◽  
Paul G. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Glucosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Starch Gel

The enzymes alcohol dehydrogenase, diaphorase, esterase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glucosephosphate isomerase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, malic enzyme, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, phosphoglucomutase, shikimate dehydrogenase, and xanthine dehydrogenase were analyzed by starch gel electrophoresis of leaf tissue from nine sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] cultivars. Bands of most enzymes were well-defined. Polymorphisms were found in nine enzymes, and cultivars were identified by comparing polymorphisms.

ISOZYME CHARACTERIZATION OF KENTUCKY BLUEGRASS CULTIVARS

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 985-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. F. WEEDEN ◽  
A. C. EMMO
Keyword(s):  
Cultivar Identification ◽  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Kentucky Bluegrass ◽  
Polymorphism Analysis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Esterase Phenotypes

Twenty-two cultivars of Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) were examined for their glucose phosphate isomerase, triose phosphate isomerase, phosphoglucomutase, malate dehydrogenase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase and alpha-naphthyl esterase phenotypes. Polymorphism was observed in each isozyme system, and the first four systems were characterized for variation among and within the cultivars. Sixteen of the 22 cultivars could be uniquely identified by selecting isozymes which displayed clearly resolved bands and exhibited little or no intracultivar polymorphism. Analysis could be performed on single plants, permitting estimation of percent contamination should seed from different cultivars be mixed. Thus horizontal starch gel electrophoresis in combination with specific isozyme assays appears to offer a simple system for cultivar identification of Kentucky bluegrass seed.Key words: Cultivar identification, electrophoresis, isozymes, bluegrass (Kentucky)

scholarly journals Enzyme Polymorphism in Cymbidium Orchid Cultivars and Inheritance of Leucine Aminopeptidase

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (7) ◽  
pp. 1267-1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Obara-Okeyo ◽  
Kouei Fujii ◽  
Shunji Kako
Keyword(s):  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Enzyme Polymorphism ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Segregation Ratios ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Isozyme Variability

Seventy Cymbidium (Swartz.) cultivars were analyzed for isozyme variability in eight enzyme systems by starch gel electrophoresis. All systems studied [aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), triosephosphate isomerase (TPI), and shikimate dehydrogenase (SKDH)] showed polymorphism. When all enzyme systems were evaluated, 68 of the 70 Cymbidium cultivars could be distinguished. Isozymes could not distinguish betwen the cultivars Golden Star `Kumamoto' and Golden Star `Sunrise'. No cultivar showed a single unique pattern, but the TPI system gave one “diagnostic” pattern. Segregation ratios from controlled crosses suggested that LAP-1 is simply inherited and controlled by at least two alleles.

scholarly journals INHERITANCE OF ISOZYMES: DESCRIPTION OF NEW LOCI IN ONIONS ISOZYMES

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 269D-269
Author(s):  
Paul D. Mangum ◽  
Ellen B. Peffley
Keyword(s):  
Allium Cepa ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Isozyme Loci ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to study the mode of inheritance of isozyme phenotypes of four enzyme systems (ADH, 6-PGDH, PGM, and SKDH) in Allium cepa L. and A. fistulosum L. by monitoring segregations in backcross and F2 progeny. Segregation for most of the polymorphisms fit the expected Mendelian ratios as tested by the chi-square statistic. Three new isozyme loci were defined for onion. 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was dimeric in structure, with two alleles present at the first locus, while a second locus was monomorphic. Shikimate dehydrogenase was monomeric with two alleles.

scholarly journals Identifying Olive Cultivars by Isozyme Analysis

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Trujillo ◽  
Luis Rallo ◽  
Pere Arús
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Malic Enzyme ◽  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Olive Cultivars ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Different Origins

Pollen samples of 155 olive (Olea europaea L.) cultivars from different origins were analyzed to study isoenzymatic variability in five enzyme systems: alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), esterase (EST), glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), and malic enzyme (ME) using starch gel electrophoresis. Polymorphism was observed in all of the isozyme systems. ME, GPI, EST, and LAP were the most useful systems for identification of cultivars. Different combinations of banding patterns of these systems allowed us to identify 85% of the cultivars. The remainder were separated into groups of two or three cultivars that could be identified using morphological characteristics. No intracultivar polymorphisms were observed.

scholarly journals Linkage Analysis of Ten Isozyme Genes in F1 Segregating Almond Progenies

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pere Arús ◽  
Carmen Olarte ◽  
Miguel Romero ◽  
Francisco Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Leucine Aminopeptidase ◽  
Recombination Fraction ◽  
Joint Estimation ◽  
Linkage Data ◽  
Linkage Groups ◽  
Shikimate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Prunus Amygdalus ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Enzyme Systems

Ten isozyme genes were studied after analyzing the variability of eight enzyme systems—glucose phosphate isomerase (GPI), phosphoglucomutase (PGM), aspartate aminotransferase (AAT), leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), shikimate dehydrogenase (SDH), and aconitase (ACO)—in the progeny of five crosses among almond [Prunus amygdalus Batsch, syn. P. dulcis (Miller) D. A. Webb] cultivars. Six of these loci were found to be located in two linkage groups, one containing four loci (Pgm-2, Gpi-2, Aat-2, and Lap-1) and two more in the other (Idh-2 and Aat-1). Genetic configurations of pairs of loci specific to segregating F1 progeny of crosses between heterozygous parents were found in our data, for which we derived the estimate of the recombination fraction and its variance. Linkage data for the gene pairs that could be estimated in various crosses were used to obtain a joint estimation of the recombination fraction.

scholarly journals Variation and Inheritance of Isozymes in Safflower

1994 ◽  
Vol 119 (3) ◽  
pp. 624-628
Author(s):  
J. Carapetian ◽  
A. Estilai ◽  
A. Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Triosephosphate Isomerase ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Intermediate Band ◽  
Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Hybrid Plants ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Spring Type

To detect isozyme variation, leaf extracts of more than 460 plants from 20 safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) entries with diverse geographic origins were analyzed. Entries included seven Iranian spring-type selections, eight Iranian late rosette winter-type selections, four U.S. cultivars, and one Indian introduction. Starch gel electrophoresis produced distinct and repeatable banding patterns for nine of the 15 enzymes assayed. Five of these enzymes, aldolase (ALD, EC 4.1.2.13), isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH, EC 2.7.5.1), malate dehydrogenase (MDH, EC 1.1.1.37), malic enzyme (ME, EC 1.1.1.40), and phosphoglucomutase (PGM, EC 2.7.5.1), were monomorphic. Menadione reductase (MR, EC 1.6.99.2), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGDH, EC 1.1.1.44), phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI, EC 5.3.1.9), and triosephosphate isomerase (TPI, EC 5.3.1.1) were polymorphic. 6-PGDH revealed an invariable cathodal and a variable anodal zone of activity. Crosses were made between appropriate parents and F1, BC1, and F2 progenies were generated for segregation analyses. Two multibanded phenotypes that bred true were observed for MR. Crosses between these types produced 7-banded F1 plants. F2 progenies segregated in parental and hybrid phenotypes in the expected 1:2:1 ratio. Both PGI and TPI showed one monomorphic and one polymorphic zone of activity. Segregation data indicated that Pgi-2 and Tpi-1 are monogenic and controlled by two codominant F and S alleles. The observation of the parental bands plus an intermediate band with a higher intensity in hybrid plants suggested that PGI and TPI act as dimeric enzymes in safflower. Isozyme genetic markers described in this study are useful tools for identification of hybrid individuals in this predominantly inbreeding species.

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