Monoclonal antibodies to isolate-, species-, and genus-specific components on the surface of zoospores and cysts of the fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Hardham ◽  
E. Suzaki ◽  
J. L. Perkin
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Pathogenic Fungus ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Pythium Species ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
First Time

Monoclonal antibodies have been raised to components on the surface of glutaraldehyde-fixed zoospores and cysts of an isolate of the pathogenic fungus Phytophthora cinnamomi. Hybridoma supernatants were screened using an immunofluorescence assay, and of 35 cell lines producing antibodies that reacted with the P. cinnamomi cells, 10 have been selected and their specificities examined in detail. The monoclonal antibodies were found to possess a valuable spectrum of taxonomic specificities, and have revealed, for the first time, the presence of isolate-specific antigens on the surface of P. cinnamomi cells. The monoclonal antibodies were tested against six isolates of P. cinnamomi, six species of Phytophthora, and three species of Pythium. In addition to the isolate-specific monoclonal antibodies, species-specific and genus-specific markers which are unambiguous in tests conducted so far have been obtained. The monoclonal antibodies have also revealed the presence of spatially restricted antigens on the surface of the zoospores. Some of these segregated antigens are species-specific and others are more general, occurring in all Phytophthora and Pythium species examined. All of the monoclonal antibodies promise to be of great assistance in investigations of the biology and taxonomy of P. cinnamomi. The methods described should be readily applicable to studies of other fungal pathogens.

Production of species-specific monoclonal antibodies that react with surface components on zoospores and cysts of Phytophthora nicotianae

1998 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 1161-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A V Robold ◽  
A R Hardham
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Phytophthora Cinnamomi ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hybridoma Cells ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Hybridoma Cell Lines ◽  
Species Specific

Monoclonal antibodies were generated against components on the surface of zoospores and cysts of the Oomycete, Phytophthora nicotianae, with the aim of obtaining antibodies diagnostic for this species of plant pathogen. A dipstick version of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to screen hybridoma cell lines produced by following a coimmunization protocol in which a mouse was immunized with Phytophthora nicotianae cysts mixed with murine antisera raised against cysts of Phytophthora cinnamomi and Phytophthora cryptogea. Of the nine hybridoma cells lines which remained positive, five produced antibodies that reacted with species-specific epitopes on the surface of the spores. Immunofluorescence, immunogold, and immunoblot labelling showed that three of the five species-specific antibodies reacted with a polypeptide of relative molecular mass greater than 205 kDa which was distributed over the entire zoospore surface, including that of the two flagella. These antibodies also labelled the surface of cysts to varying degrees. The other two species-specific antibodies bound to the shaft of tubular mastigonemes that form two rows on the anterior flagellum. In immunoblots, one of these antibodies recognised a 40-kDa glycoprotein. Antibodies produced by the other four hybridoma cell lines reacted with all Phytophthora and Pythium species tested. The results (i) showed that the coimmunization technique effectively produced antibodies directed towards components specific for Phytophthora nicotianae in the presence of antigens common to many Phytophthora species, and (ii) revealed for the first time the biochemical nature of molecular constituents of flagellar mastigonemes in the Oomycetes.Key words: cell surface, flagella, immunodiagnostics, mastigonemes, monoclonal antibodies.

scholarly journals Monoclonal antibodies against species-specific antigens in the chick central nervous system: putative application as transplantation markers in the chick-quail chimera.

1989 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Takagi ◽  
T Tsuji ◽  
M Kinutani ◽  
H Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Neuronal Tissues ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Cellular Markers ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Large Neurons

With the recent progress in transplantation of neuronal tissues, cellular markers are needed to distinguish the grafted cells from the host. To generate monoclonal antibodies (MAb) recognizing species-specific antigens in the chick nervous system, we immunized mice with chick optic nerves and obtained 2 MAb which bind to chick but not to quail neural tissues. MAb-39B11 recognizes the cell surface antigen on the nerve fibers. MAb-37F5 recognizes the cytoplasmic components in several cell types, including ependymal cells and some large neurons. The utility of these MAb as markers for chick cells in the chick-quail chimeric brain and their advantages over conventional markers are discussed.

Production of human monoclonal antibodies against Epstein-Barr virus-specific antigens by the virus-immortalized lymphoblastoid cell lines

Virology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Koizumi ◽  
Shigeyoshi Fujiwara ◽  
Hideaki Kikuta ◽  
Motohiko Okano ◽  
Shosuke Imai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Lymphoblastoid Cell Lines ◽  
Human Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Epstein Barr

Reactivity of Monoclonal Antibodies to Species-Specific Antigens ofEntamoeba histolytica

1991 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROSHI TACHIBANA ◽  
SEIKI KOBAYASHI ◽  
KOUICHI NAGAKURA ◽  
YOSHIMASA KANEDA ◽  
TSUTOMU TAKEUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Ofentamoeba Histolytica ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Species Specific

Monoclonal antibodies to cell surface components of zoospores and cysts of the fungusPythium aphanidermatum reveal species-specific antigens

1989 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Teresa Estrada-Garcia ◽  
Jonathan R. Green ◽  
Julia M. Booth ◽  
J. Geoffrey White ◽  
James A. Callow
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Specific Antigens ◽  
Species Specific

scholarly journals The complexity of HLA-DS molecules. A homozygous cell line expresses multiple HLA-DS alpha chains.

1984 ◽  
Vol 159 (5) ◽  
pp. 1512-1531 ◽  
Author(s):  
R W Karr ◽  
C Alber ◽  
S M Goyert ◽  
J Silver ◽  
R J Duquesnoy
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Population Studies ◽  
Alpha Chain ◽  
Gene Level ◽  
First Time

Ia molecules expressed by an HLA-DRw6 homozygous cell line were immunoprecipitated with anti-Ia allosera and monoclonal antibodies and analyzed by 2-D gel electrophoresis. The DRw6 homozygous cell line was shown to express two DS beta chains; this observation extends our previous finding that a DR5 homozygous cell line expresses two DS beta chains and suggests that the expression of at least two DS beta chains by DR homozygous cell lines is a generalized phenomenon. The data presented here document for the first time that a DR homozygous cell line expresses at least two DS alpha chains. Therefore, this cell line expresses at least two DS molecules with the potential for the expression of four DS molecules. In agreement with previous reports, the cell line was shown to express two DR beta chains and one DR alpha chain that combine to form two DR molecules. The molecular specificities of two MB1 allosera and two MB1 -like monoclonal antibodies were also compared in these studies. Both MB1 allosera isolated a single DS molecule, while the MB1 -like monoclonal antibodies isolated at least two DS molecules. Therefore, these studies document for the first time that anti-Ia reagents which are specific for the MB1 or MB1 -like determinants in population studies do not recognize the same Ia molecules in immunochemical studies. The data presented here for the expression of at least two DS alpha chains and the location of the MB1 allodeterminant on only one of multiple DS molecules are in agreement with recent studies at the gene level.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Anthrax Lethal Toxin Cytotoxicity: a Subset of Monoclonal Antibodies against Protective Antigen Increases Lethal Toxin-Mediated Killing of Murine Macrophages

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (6) ◽  
pp. 3276-3283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nehal Mohamed ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Claudia S. Ferreira ◽  
Stephen F. Little ◽  
Arthur M. Friedlander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Surface ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Protective Antigen ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Lethal Toxin ◽  
Anthrax Lethal Toxin ◽  
Macrophage Cell ◽  
Anthrax Protective Antigen ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT We investigated the ability of using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against anthrax protective antigen (PA), an anthrax exotoxin component, to modulate exotoxin cytotoxic activity on target macrophage cell lines. Anthrax PA plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Bacillus anthracis infection. PA is the cell-binding component of the two anthrax exotoxins: lethal toxin (LeTx) and edema toxin. Several MAbs that bind the PA component of LeTx are known to neutralize LeTx-mediated killing of target macrophages. Here we describe for the first time an overlooked population of anti-PA MAbs that, in contrast, function to increase the potency of LeTx against murine macrophage cell lines. The results support a possible mechanism of enhancement: binding of MAb to PA on the macrophage cell surface stabilizes the PA by interaction of MAb with macrophage Fcγ receptors. This results in an increase in the amount of PA bound to the cell surface, which in turn leads to an enhancement in cell killing, most likely due to increased internalization of LF. Blocking of PA-receptor binding eliminates enhancement by MAb, demonstrating the importance of this step for the observed enhancement. The additional significance of these results is that, at least in mice, immunization with PA appears to elicit a poly-clonal response that has a significant prevalence of MAbs that enhance LeTx-mediated killing in macrophages.

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