Effets de faibles abaissements de température sur la différenciation de l'oosphère et sur les processus de fécondation chez le Marsilea vestita (Ptéridophytes)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (10) ◽  
pp. 1753-1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éliane Chenou ◽  
Janine Kuligowski ◽  
Michèle Ferrand
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Female Gamete ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Nucleus ◽  
Marsilea Vestita ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Female Gametogenesis ◽  
Peripheral Regions

Male and female gametes of Marsilea vestita were subjected to weak cooling periods (24° C/16° C or 24° C/12° C) of 1–4 h during the ultimate stage of gametogenesis. Effects of these suboptimal temperatures were observed on the organization of the oosphere on fertilization, and further development of the embryos. The changes observed varied with cold intensity and were proportional to the exposure time. The last steps of archegonogenesis were delayed (16° C) or even totally inhibited (12° C). The female gamete structure generally exhibited the following changes: the fertilization cone was enlarged, the cytoplasm more or less vacuolated, and organelles redistributed towards peripheral regions. Furthermore, the presence of chromatic fragments within the cytoplasm (12° C) suggests that the last division of female gametogenesis was strongly affected. In these gametes, fertilization was always reduced. When it occurred, the treatment considerably slowed down the different stages, allowing a better understanding of the male nucleus reactions during its migration. The percentage of embryos able to grow decreased proportionally to the length of cold exposure (16° C). After exposure of the gametes to 12° C, most embryos did not survive.

Ayurveda provides complete package for healthy progeny !!

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nilofar Shaikh ◽  
Shilpa Donga
Keyword(s):  
Holistic Health ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Female Gamete ◽  
Static Equilibrium ◽  
Normal Delivery ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
New Born ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The Family ◽  
State Of Mind

The woman is an axle around whom not only the family or the society but the whole Universe revolves. A good progeny probably is the only prime thing on the earth that any couple would expect child is one who protects his race from grief, miseries etc. Today due to changing lifestyle Medical world is concerned about increasing rate of congenital imperfections in the new born which is posing confront to the aim of healthy humanity. Science reveals the fact that the anatomical, physiological, psychological built up of offspring is dependent on parents who provide ‘genes’ for specific characters to the child. Best of male and female gamete (sperm and ovum – through Shodhana and following regimes before conception) Atma, Suddha Garbhashaya, proper Kala (Ritukala), and observing Garbhini Paricharya properly will ensure timely and normal delivery of a healthy offspring. The contented, positive, enthusiastic but controlled state of mind of parents during conjugation results in static equilibrium of Manogunas, increment of Satvaguna leading to high ranked Satva of Garbha grating noble qualities like piousness, dexterity, intelligence, memory, quickness for work, gratitude and positive thoughts etc. Thus, Ayurveda- A complete and holistic health science, not only deal with preventive and curative aspects of health but also has a strong footings in the field of healthy progeny from choosing of life-partner to care during pregnancy.

Drosophila melanogaster Importin α1 and α3 Can Replace Importin α2 During Spermatogenesis but Not Oogenesis

Genetics ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 161 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Adam Mason ◽  
Robert J Fleming ◽  
David S Goldfarb
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Degenerate Pcr ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Importin Α ◽  
Localization Signal ◽  
Male And Female Sterility ◽  
A Site ◽  
Female Gametogenesis

Abstract Importin α’s mediate the nuclear transport of many classical nuclear localization signal (cNLS)-containing proteins. Multicellular animals contain multiple importin α genes, most of which fall into three conventional phylogenetic clades, here designated α1, α2, and α3. Using degenerate PCR we cloned Drosophila melanogaster importin α1, α2, and α3 genes, demonstrating that the complete conventional importin α gene family arose prior to the split between invertebrates and vertebrates. We have begun to analyze the genetic interactions among conventional importin α genes by studying their capacity to rescue the male and female sterility of importin α2 null flies. The sterility of α2 null males was rescued to similar extents by importin α1, α2, and α3 transgenes, suggesting that all three conventional importin α’s are capable of performing the important role of importin α2 during spermatogenesis. In contrast, sterility of α2 null females was rescued only by importin α2 transgenes, suggesting that it plays a paralog-specific role in oogenesis. Female infertility was also rescued by a mutant importin α2 transgene lacking a site that is normally phosphorylated in ovaries. These rescue experiments suggest that male and female gametogenesis have distinct requirements for importin α2.

Mechanism underlying 2n male and female gamete formation in lemon via cytological and molecular marker analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Dong Xie ◽  
Qiang-Ming Xia ◽  
Jun Peng ◽  
Xiao-Meng Wu ◽  
Zong-Zhou Xie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Female Gamete ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Gamete Formation ◽  
Marker Analysis ◽  
Molecular Marker Analysis

scholarly journals Boule-like genes regulate male and female gametogenesis in the flatworm Macrostomum lignano

2011 ◽  
Vol 357 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Kuales ◽  
Katrien De Mulder ◽  
Jade Glashauser ◽  
Willi Salvenmoser ◽  
Shigeo Takashima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male And Female ◽  
Macrostomum Lignano ◽  
Female Gametogenesis

Synthesis and toxicity of cobaltabisdicarbollide-containing porphyrins of high boron content

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (09n10) ◽  
pp. 973-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.V.S. Dinesh K. Bhupathiraju ◽  
Vijay Gottumukkala ◽  
Erhong Hao ◽  
Xiaoke Hu ◽  
Frank R. Fronczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Boron Content ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
High Boron ◽  
Low Toxicity ◽  
Delivery Vehicles ◽  
Animal Toxicity ◽  
Low Cytotoxicity ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Further Development

Two porphyrins of high boron content (OCP and HCP–PEG) were prepared in high yields from the reaction of the corresponding tri- and tetra-(dihydroxyphenyl)porphyrins with zwitterionic cobaltabisdicarbollide [3,3′-Co(8-C4H8O2-1,2-C2B9H10)(1′,2′-C2B9H11)] . Both porphyrins were found to have low cytotoxicity toward human HEp2 cells, and to localize subcellularly mainly in the cell lysosomes. Animal toxicity investigations using male and female BALB/c mice also revealed low toxicity for both compounds. The determined maximum tolerated dose (MTD) for these boronated porphyrins administered intraperitoneally were 160 mg/kg for OCP and 320 mg/kg for HCP–PEG. Our studies warrant further development of these porphyrins of high boron content, and in particular of HCP–PEG, as boron delivery vehicles for BNCT.

A genetic basis for variations in meiotic recombination in Petunia hybrida

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cornu ◽  
E. Farcy ◽  
C. Mousset
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Meiotic Recombination ◽  
Recombination Rate ◽  
Petunia Hybrida ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
Chromosome Ii ◽  
Female Gametogenesis

Experimental data show that the meiotic recombination rate during female gametogenesis is controlled by one major nuclear factor, symbolized by Rm1, i.e., recombination modulator 1. The existence of modifiers, suggested by several data, remains to be demonstrated. Rm1 has been located on chromosome II by linkage with locus lu1. The regulation exerted by Rm1 is not directed only to a particular chromosome, but is more general. The recombination rate increases considerably for pairs of closely linked genes on chromosomes I, II, V, VI, and VII; it remains unchanged for a pair of weakly linked genes on chromosomes IV and decreases for a pair of moderately linked genes on chromosome III. Rm1 affects recombination in both male and female gametogeneses, but the effects differ in the two. The marked regions on chromosome III and VII were equally affected in male and female meioses, but the marked regions on chromosome II and VI were unaffected in male meiosis.Key words: Petunia hybrida, recombination, meiosis.

Diploid mouse embryos constructed at the late 2-cell stage from haploid parthenotes and androgenotes can develop to term

Development ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 773-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Barra ◽  
J.P. Renard
Keyword(s):  
Differential Expression ◽  
Mouse Embryo ◽  
Mouse Embryos ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Gamete ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Embryonic Genome

Male and female gamete nuclei are required to ensure the full-term development of the mouse embryo. Differential expression of the two genomes has been proposed as the basis for this requirement. In order to investigate whether some interactions between the paternal and the maternal genomes are essential before or at the time of the activation of the embryonic genome, we have constructed diploid embryos from haploid parthenotes and androgenotes at the late 2-cell stage. These embryos developed to term into normal offsprings. This shows that the male and the female genomes can be activated separately and are still able to ensure complete development when put together in cytoplasm synchronized with the nuclei. These experiments also show that the egg cytoplasm does not need any male contribution before the late 2-cell stage.

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