Periclinal and oblique divisions in the surface layer of the shoot apex of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1564-1566 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Sawhney ◽  
K. N. Chandra Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
Young Leaf ◽  
Shoot Meristem ◽  
Outermost Layer ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Mitotic Figures

The occurrence of periclinal and obliquely oriented planes of mitotic figures and cell walls in the outermost layer of the tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) shoot meristem is reported. The frequency of such divisions was low, but periclinally and obliquely oriented walls were distributed throughout the surface layer of the meristem and the young leaf primordia.

scholarly journals CELL WALL SYNTHESIS IN `RUTGERS', RIN AND NOR TOMATO FRUIT

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1083e-1083
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Mitcham ◽  
Kenneth C. Gross ◽  
Timothy J Ng
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Transient Increase ◽  
Cell Wall Synthesis ◽  
B Values ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

Cell wall synthesis during development and ripening of `Rutgers', rin and nor tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) fruit was quantified by monitoring incorporation of 14C into outer pericarp cell walls after pedicel injection of (U-14C) - sucrose. Fruit color (Hunter “a” and “b” values) and firmness (Instron) were also monitored. 14C-Incorporation continued throughout development and ripening in `Rutgers' cell walls and exhibited a transient increase from late maturegreen to the turning stage. Incorporation of 14C into cell walls of rin pericarp tissue was similar to `Rutgers' at 20 days pest-anthesls (DPA) (immature-green) but decreased to a level similar to red `Rutgers' fruit by 35 DPA. Incorporation of 14C into nor pericarp cell walls was low throughout the experimental period (20 to 75 DPA). In contrast to previous reports, rin and nor pericarp tissue exhibitad a decrease in firmness of the outer pericarp. However, the rate of softening was slower than in `Rutgers'. Pericarp tissue from rin and nor fruit at 70 and 75 DPA, respectively, resisted compression as much as pink `Rutgers' pericarp tissue.

DEVELOPMENTAL STUDIES OF ELODEA CANADENSIS MICHX.: I. MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AT THE SHOOT APEX

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh M. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Developmental Studies ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Intercalary Meristem ◽  
Leaf Whorl ◽  
Leaf Insertion

The shoot apex consists of a few initial cells at the tip of a thimble devoid of leaf initials for at least 100 μ. Leaf primorida are initiated from the superficial layer of cells, whereas branch buds arising among the; very youngest leaf primordia are produced deeper in the apex. Chinks occur where three or more cell walls come together. The tissue of the stem for the first 200 μ has no internodes. Two squamulae intervaginales lie on the adaxial surface of each leaf with which their development is associated. Internodes are initiated by the longitudinal growth and division of cells from the bottom of the leaf insertion disks. Cells of the young node divide longitudinally to increase the diameter of the nodal disk and to split the intercalary meristem into segments. Internodes are thus initiated with lacunae. Cells destined to become wood vacuolate at the seventh leaf whorl. Scalariform thickenings are produced but quickly disintegrate along with the rest of the xylem cells leaving a lacuna in the center of the stem. The bast surrounding the central xylem differentiates only slightly, beginning at the 20th leaf whorl, whereas the leaf traces and vertical cortical strands are apparent in younger tissue.

Qualitative histochemistry of the shoot apex of Triticum

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 241-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lance S. Evans ◽  
Arthur R. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Shoot Apex ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Histochemical Staining ◽  
Leaf Primordia ◽  
Succinate Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Apical Base

Qualitative histochemical assays localized lipids, carbohydrates, succinate dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase in Triticum aestivum seedlings. Starch was present in the base of the shoot apex and near vascular tissues throughout the seedlings. Succinate dehydrogenase activity was located in the apical summit, apical base, young leaf primordia, and very young axillary buds. Acid phosphatase was localized at the base of the apex, scutellum, and aleurone tissues. Thicker cell walls were noted in the epidermis of the apical dome and at the base of the apex. This combination of histochemical staining patterns suggests initiation of provascular tissue very early in leaf initiation.

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