Seed development in Ricinus communis cv. Hale (castor bean). II. Accumulation of phytic acid in the developing endosperm and embryo in relation to the deposition of lipid, protein, and phosphorus

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. Greenwood ◽  
D. J. Gifford ◽  
J. D. Bewley
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Total Acid ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Phosphorus Containing ◽  
Total Pool ◽  
First Time

The accumulation of phytic acid in the developing endosperm and embryo of the castor bean seed (Ricinus communis L. cv. Hale) has been followed in relation to the deposition of the major lipid and protein reserves. In the endosperm, there is a considerable degree of synchronization in the synthesis and deposition of these reserves, although phytic acid accumulation lags behind that of total protein and lipid. The pattern of reserve deposition within the embryo is documented for the first time. Lipid accumulation commences later than in the endosperm, and the major deposition of phytic acid is also later; protein deposition continues longer in the embryo than in the endosperm. Changes in various phosphorus-containing fractions were followed in both the embryo and endosperm during development, viz total, acid-soluble, inorganic, and lipid phosphorus. While sugar and nucleoside phosphates, and then nucleic acid and protein phosphorus, are predominant in the total phosphorus pool earlier in endosperm development, later there is a large increase in the total pool size, which is attributable particularly to phytic acid formation. This component accounts for over 90% of the total phosphorus content of the mature dry endosperm. A similar pattern of events occurs in the developing embryo.

scholarly journals Probing the floral developmental stages, bisexuality and sex reversions in castor (Ricinus communis L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujatha Thankeswaran Parvathy ◽  
Amala Joseph Prabakaran ◽  
Thadakamalla Jayakrishna
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Sex Expression ◽  
Pistil Abortion ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Sex Reversion ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Meristem Development ◽  
Male Specific ◽  
First Time

AbstractCastor (Ricinus communis L) is an ideal model species for sex mechanism studies in monoecious angiosperms, due to wide variations in sex expression. Sex reversion to monoecy in pistillate lines, along with labile sex expression, negatively influences hybrid seed purity. The study focuses on understanding the mechanisms of unisexual flower development, sex reversions and sex variations in castor, using various genotypes with distinct sex expression pattern. Male and female flowers had 8 and 12 developmental stages respectively, were morphologically similar till stage 4, with an intermediate bisexual state and were intermediate between type 1 and type 2 flowers. Pistil abortion was earlier than stamen inhibition. Sex alterations occurred at floral and inflorescence level. While sex-reversion was unidirectional towards maleness via bisexual stage, at high day temperatures (Tmax > 38 °C), femaleness was restored with subsequent drop in temperatures. Temperature existing for 2–3 weeks during floral meristem development, influences sexuality of the flower. We report for first time that unisexuality is preceded by bisexuality in castor flowers which alters with genotype and temperature, and sex reversions as well as high sexual polymorphisms in castor are due to alterations in floral developmental pathways. Differentially expressed (male-abundant or male-specific) genes Short chain dehydrogenase reductase 2a (SDR) and WUSCHEL are possibly involved in sex determination of castor.

scholarly journals Life history of Neoseiulus californicus (McGregor, 1954) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) fed with castor bean (Ricinus communisL.) pollen in laboratory conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 691-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
PP Marafeli ◽  
PR Reis ◽  
EC. da Silveira ◽  
GC Souza-Pimentel ◽  
MA. de Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Intrinsic Rate ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Neoseiulus Californicus ◽  
Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
History Of

The predatory mite, Neoseiulus californicus(McGregor, 1954) (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is one of the principal natural enemies of tetranychid mites in several countries, promoting efficient control of those mites in several food and ornamental crops. Pest attacks such as that of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticaeKoch, 1836 (Acari: Tetranychidae), is one of the problems faced by farmers, especially in the greenhouse, due to the difficulty of its control with the use of chemicals because of the development of fast resistance making it hard to control it. The objective of this work was to study the life history of the predatory mite N. californicus as a contribution to its mass laboratory rearing, having castor bean plant [Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae)] pollen as food, for its subsequent use as a natural enemy of T. urticae on a cultivation of greenhouse rosebushes. The studies were carried out in the laboratory, at 25 ± 2°C of temperature, 70 ± 10% RH and a 14 hour photophase. The biological aspects and the fertility life table were appraised. Longevity of 32.9 days was verified for adult females and 40.4 days for males. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) was 0.2 and the mean generation time (T) was 17.2 days. The population doubled every 4.1 days. The results obtained were similar to those in which the predatory mite N. californicus fed on T. urticae.

scholarly journals Efecto de Corythucha gossypii sobre las hojas de higuerilla: criterios para su muestreo y control con insecticidas

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Herney Varón ◽  
Márcio Dionizio Moreira ◽  
Jenny Paola Corredor
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Insecticide Application ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
Life Period ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Oil Plant ◽  
And Control

<p>El chinche de encaje, Corythucha gossypii (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Tingidae), es un insecto plaga del algodón, pero ha sido reportado en más de veinticuatro hospederos, incluyendo higuerilla (Ricinus communis L). El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar si esta plaga disminuye el periodo de vida útil de las hojas, establecer la superficie de muestreo de la hoja que mejor representa las poblaciones de esta plaga y la eficacia de seis insecticidas para su control en higuerilla. La vida útil de las hojas fue negativamente influenciada por la presencia del insecto plaga; a mayor número inicial de insectos, menor fue el tiempo para la pérdida de hojas. La superficie del envés fue la que mejor representó la población de C. gossypii con un promedio ± Error Standard (ES) de 55,10 ± 4,76 de individuos y una correlación con la población total de 99,60%, R2 =0,99 y p &lt; 0,0001; comparado con 3,44 ± 0,57 individuos y una correlación de 66,32%; R2=0,44 y p &lt; 0,0001 para la superficie del haz. El orden de eficacia de control para 3 días después de la aplicación de los tratamientos fue tiametoxam + lambdacihalotrina (0,00%), spinetoram, (0,00%), malation (20,35%), tiametoxam (38,62%), dimetoato (86,94%) e imidacloprid (87,33%); para 7 días fue tiametoxam + lambdacihalotrina (0,00%), spinetoram (21,46%), malation (38,77), tiametoxam (50,84%), dimetoato (86,14%) e imidacloprid (90,37%). Los datos de muestreo, a partir de 16 días, presentaron una gran pérdida de unidades experimentales, lo que imposibilitó el análisis de los resultados, después de ese tiempo.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Effect of Corythucha gossypii on Castor Oil Plant Leaves: Sampling Criteria and Control by Insecticides</strong></p><p>The lace bug, also called the “cotton or bean lace bug”, Corythucha gossypii (Fabricius) (Hemiptera: Tingidae) is a common pest from cotton. However it has been reported in another twenty four plant hosts including castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). This work aimed to establish if this insect pest can reduce the life-period of leaves, to assess which is the leaf surface that best represents the total pest population for sampling and to test the efficacy of six insecticides for C. gossypii control in a castor bean crop. The life-period of leaves was negatively affected by the presence of the insect, the larger the number of C. gossypii, the shorter their leaf life. The lower surface best represented the entire population of lace bug with a mean ± standard error of 55.10 ± 4.76, with a 99.60% of correlation, a R2=0.99 and a p &lt; 0.0001; compared to 3.44 ± 0.57, with a 66.32% of correlation, a R2=0.44 and a p &lt; 0.0001 for the upper surface. Efficacy of control after three days of insecticide application was: thiamethoxam + lambdacyhalothrin (0.00%), spinetoram, (0.00%), malathion (20.35%), thiamethoxam (38.62%), dimethoate (86.94%) and imidacloprid (87.33%). After seven days of insecticide application the efficacy was thiamethoxam + lambdacyhalothrin (0.00%), spinetoram (21.46%), malathion (38.77), thiamethoxam (50.84%), dimethoate (86.14%) and imidacloprid (90.37%). Results obtained after 16 days lacked many sampling unit leaves, which made their analysis meaningless, after that period of time. </p>

scholarly journals Germination and initial development of canola and radish submitted to castor leaves aqueous extracts

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Carlos Alberto Gonsiorkiewicz Rigon ◽  
Adriana Tourinho Salamoni ◽  
Luan Cutti ◽  
Adalin Cezar Morais de Aguiar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Allelopathic Potential ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Radish Seed

This study aimed to evaluate the allelopathic activity of aqueous extracts of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) leaves on germination and initial growth of canola (Brassica napus L.) and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings. Two experiments were conducted, usingcanola seeds for the first, which was installed in a 2x7 factorial scheme (with two photoperiods – dark and light and seven extracts concentrations - 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32%). The second experiment consisted of an evaluation of radish seed germination submitted to seven concentrations of the extracts in the dark photoperiod. The germination of the canola seeds was reduced in the dark, and the use of extracts at concentrations of 16% and 32%inhibited seeds germination for both studied photoperiods. The radish seed germination was completely inhibited when the concentration of 32% was used, however, at the concentrations of 4, 8 and 16% a reduction on rootand hypocoyl development of the seedlings were observed, affirming the high allelopathic potential of castor bean aqueous extracts on canola and radish.

scholarly journals Phytoremediation Potential of Castor Bean (Ricinus Communis L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 63-72
Author(s):  
Violina Angelova ◽  
Mariana Perifanova Nemska
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ricinus Communis L

A simple thermal-detoxified method for castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) cake, and its potential nutraceutical properties

2021 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 114151
Author(s):  
Mayra Denise Herrera ◽  
Rafael Jiménez-Ocampo ◽  
Rigoberto Rosales-Serna ◽  
Jorge Alberto Rodríguez-González ◽  
Juan Luis Santos-De la Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Nutraceutical Properties

scholarly journals Character selection by path and principal analysis for enhanced seed size and yield in local castor bean (Ricinus communis L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 391 ◽  
pp. 012062
Author(s):  
Budi Waluyo ◽  
Puji Shandila ◽  
Chindy Ulima Zanetta ◽  
Darmawan Saptadi ◽  
Noer Rahmi Ardiarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ricinus Communis L ◽  
Principal Analysis
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