Effects of temperature on leaf growth in corn (Zea mays)

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1647-1652 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Thiagarajah ◽  
L. A. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Leaf Growth ◽  
Growth Characteristics ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Rate Of Leaf Appearance

Effects of temperature on certain leaf-growth characteristics are described for corn (Zea mays L.) hybrid A498 × CG10 grown at 62 nE cm−2 s−1 irradiance (400–700 nm). The rate of leaf expansion declined from a maximum at the earliest measurement stage to zero sometime after the ligule was exserted. The number of visible leaves with actively growing laminae at any stage of ontogeny was constant over day/night temperatures of 15/10, 25/20, 30/25, and 35/30 °C, but increased from three to six between the appearance of the 7th and 13th leaves. Rate of leaf appearance was increased by temperature, from 0.19 leaves per day at 15/10 °C to 0.58 leaves per day at 30/25 °C. However, rate of leaf appearance only increased to 0.60 leaves per day at 35/30 °C. Areas of successive leaves increased to 842 cm−2 at (optimal) 25/20 °C and 772 cm−2 at 30/25 °C for leaf 11, and then decreased to leaf 15. Specific leaf weight (lamina weight/lamina area) increased throughout ontogeny and decreased with increasing temperature.

DIFFERENCES IN RATES OF LEAF APPEARANCE AMONG MAIZE HYBRIDS AND PHASES OF DEVELOPMENT

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 759-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TOLLENAAR ◽  
J. F. MULDOON ◽  
T. B. DAYNARD
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Rate Of Development ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Phases Of Development ◽  
Development Temperature ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Rate Of Leaf Appearance

Rates of leaf appearance were evaluated for three maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown at two day/night temperatures (20/17 °C and 30/27 °C) in environmentally controlled growth facilities, and for 10 maize hybrids grown in the field. Differences in rate of leaf appearance occurred among genotypes and among phases of development for maize hybrids grown both under controlled-environment and field conditions. Differences in mean rate of leaf appearance between two hybrids common to both experiments were approximately 15% in both the field and the controlled-environment experiments. In addition, hybrid × phase-of-development interactions were highly significant.Key words: Zea mays L., rate of development, temperature, genotype × phase-of-development interaction

EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON RATE AND DURATION OF KERNEL DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF MAIZE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
pp. 935-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TOLLENAAR ◽  
T. W. BRUULSEMA
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Linear Kernel ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Kernel Growth

The response of rate and duration of kernel dry matter accumulation to temperatures in the range 10–25 °C was studied for two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under controlled-environment conditions. Kernel growth rates during the period of linear kernel growth increased linearly with temperature (b = 0.3 mg kernel−1 d−1 °C−1). Kernel dry weight at physiological maturity varied little among temperature treatments because the increase in kernel growth rate with increase in temperature was associated with a decline in the duration of kernel growth proportional to the increase in kernel growth rate.Key words: Zea mays L, period of linear kernel dry matter accumulation, controlled-environment conditions, kernel growth rate

Effects of Temperature on Leaf Expansion in Sunflower

1982 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
HM Rawson ◽  
JH Hindmarsh
Keyword(s):  
Field Studies ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Leaf Position ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Relative Change

Five commercial cultivars of sunflower were grown in cabinets at three temperature regimes, 32/22, 27/17 and 22/12°C, and with 15-h and 11-h photoperiods, and expansion of leaves 5-15 was followed. Leaves appeared faster with increasing temperature (0.022 leaves day-1 °C-1) and with increasing daylength. Areas of individual leaves increased linearly up the plant profile and, although final area per leaf (Amax) decreased with increasing temperature, the relative change was similar for each leaf position. Cultivars maintained their ranking for Amax across temperatures, and these rankings agreed with those in previous field studies. Within each temperature regime, both the expansion rate of leaves and the duration of expansion increased with leaf position. As temperature increased, leaves grew for shorter periods with a change of 1.04 days °C-1, but under the photon flux density used (500 �mol m-2 s-1, or about 25% full sunlight) expansion rates were greatest at the lowest temperature. Expansion rates were only one-third of those in field studies at comparable temperatures, but durations were similar. Cultivars that achieved the largest Amax did so via faster rates of expansion and not via longer durations: only one cultivar differed from the mean (20 days) duration of leaf expansion. All cultivars reached floral initiation progressively earlier with extension of photoperiod from 10 to 15 h, with the change for the most sensitive cultivars being 8 days and for the least sensitive 5 days. Rates of leaf emergence were linked with this sensitivity.

scholarly journals Effects of nitrogen on development and growth of the leaves of vegetables. 3. Appearance and expansion growth of leaves of spinach

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
H. Biemond
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Mature Leaf ◽  
Leaf Emergence ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Rate Of Leaf Appearance ◽  
Main Factor

In a series of greenhouse and field trials, spinach cv. Trias plants were supplied with different amounts of N fertilizer in various split applications. Rates of leaf emergence and expansion were recorded, as well as final leaf size. The rate of leaf appearance varied between 0.16 and 0.57/day across experiments, but was hardly affected by N treatment. The rate of leaf expansion and mature leaf area increased with leaf number, reaching maximum values at leaf pair 3+4 or 5+6 and decreasing subsequently. Both characteristics were positively correlated with N supply. The duration of expansion was not influenced by N treatments and varied between 15 and 30 days in most experiments. The rate of leaf expansion was the main factor determining mature leaf size. Specific leaf area over all green leaves slowly decreased with time in most experiments and was around 300 cmsuperscript 2/g. As the differences in the number of leaves were small, the differences in total green leaf area per plant resulted from differences in the areas of individual mature leaves.

Effect of Corn-Induced Shading and Temperature on Rate of Leaf Appearance in Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.)

Weed Science ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 590-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephane M. Mclachlan ◽  
Clarence J. Swanton ◽  
Stephan F. Weise ◽  
Matthijs Tollenaar
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Weed Interference ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Field Temperature ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Leaf Appearance ◽  
Rate Of Leaf Appearance

Leaf development and expansion are important factors in determining the outcome of crop-weed interference. The comparative effects of temperature and corn canopy-induced shading on the rate of leaf appearance (RLA) of redroot pigweed were quantified in this study. Growth cabinet results indicated a linear increase in RLA with increased temperature. Weed RLA was predicted utilizing both this function and field temperature data. The ratio of observed to predicted RLA of redroot pigweed grown in field experiments decreased in 1990 and 1991 as shading increased with increased corn density and delayed weed planting date. Results indicated that RLA is substantially affected by canopy-induced shading in addition to temperature.

Effect of UV-B radiation on the C4 plant Zea mays L.

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 654-655
Author(s):  
Isabel Santos ◽  
J. M. Almeida ◽  
R. Salema
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
White Light ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Stratospheric Ozone ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
C4 Plant ◽  
Type Of Injury

The known reduction of stratospheric ozone by some pollutants increased the amount of ultra-violetligth reaching the earth's surface raising concerns about its effects on life, since UV-B (280-320 nm) is absorbed by proteins and affects important plant processes such as photosynthesis, transpiration, leaf expansion, dark respiration and biomass. It was thought of interest to subject a C4 plant to this type of injury to see if both types of cells and chloroplasts in their leaves reacted similarly to the treatment.Zea mays var. LG12 were germinated in vermiculite and plants developed under a 14 hlight photoperiod till they had three expanded leaves. From this stage one set was used as control and other received UV-B provided by a Philips TL 40/12 lamp in addition to white light giving an irradiance of 900 μE m-2s -1 .

Diurnal Change in Specific Leaf Weight of Medicago sativa L. and Zea mays L. 1

Crop Science ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 576-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. J. Chatterton ◽  
D. R. Lee ◽  
W. E. Hungerford
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Diurnal Change ◽  
Specific Leaf Weight ◽  
Leaf Weight ◽  
Medicago Sativa L
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