Erratum: Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 9. Demonstration of genetic variability affecting the response to temperature during seed development

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (13) ◽  
pp. 1478-1478
Author(s):  
Ramma Sawhney ◽  
J. M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Response To Temperature

Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 9. Demonstration of genetic variability affecting the response to temperature during seed development

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramma Sawhney ◽  
J. M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Pure Lines ◽  
Response To Temperature ◽  
Two Temperature

Experiments are reported which demonstrate characteristic differences among pure lines of wild oats in the degree to which seed dormancy is influenced by temperature during seed development. In some lines, high temperature during seed maturation greatly reduced the duration of primary dormancy; in others, this effect was relatively slight. Evidence is discussed that two temperature-sensitive physiological processes influence the duration of dormancy in this species.

Genetic adaptation for seed dormancy in Avena fatua

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 306-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Naylor ◽  
S. Jana
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Genetic Adaptation ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Wild Oats

Genetic variability affecting duration of primary dormancy is demonstrated in natural populations of wild oats. Marked differences were found among local populations in germination behavior. The evidence suggests that these differences result in part from genetic adaptation to agronomic practices.

Variability in temperature-dependent germination in eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum)

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (7) ◽  
pp. 1463-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Hermanutz ◽  
S. E. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Range Limit ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Marginal Populations ◽  
Solanum Ptycanthum ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Response To Temperature

The colonization potential of the northwardly migrating weed Solanum ptycanthum was evaluated by comparing germination profiles of southern agrestal populations with northern marginal populations sampled from both ruderal and agrestal habitats. Under laboratory conditions, the seed from five maternal families from each population was subjected to six light:dark temperature regimes from 18:8 to 40:30 °C and germination rate (time to 50% germination) and final percent germination were monitored. The base temperature and thermal time (degree-days) required for 50% germination were calculated. Seeds from southern agrestal populations germinated over a broader temperature range than northern agrestal populations but had similar rates of germination, base temperatures, and thermal times. At the northern range limit, ruderal populations germinated faster and had smaller thermal times than agrestal populations but had similar base temperatures. Delayed emergence in agrestal habitats may be a response to cultural practices. Seeds from northern populations were heavier than southern populations. Plasticity of germination response to temperature did not differ between populations. The observed levels of genetic variability in all germination parameters suggest that future range expansion would be possible. Key words: temperature-dependent germination, agrestal, ruderal, marginal populations, genetic variability, plasticity.

Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 13. Influence of drought stress during seed development on duration of seed dormancy

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramma Sawhney ◽  
J. M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Pure Line ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Pure Lines

Plants of genetically dormant (D) and nondormant (ND) pure lines of Avena fatua were exposed to water stress during seed development. In comparison with normally well-watered controls, seeds produced by water-stressed plants exhibited shorter duration of primary dormancy. The magnitude of the effect varied among D families, but was consistently greater than in ND families.It is concluded that the dormancy phenotype of D lines is highly plastic and that the responses to high temperature and water stress are similar in a given pure line.

Variation Within Pure Lines of Wild Oats (Avena fatua) in Relation to Degree of Primary Dormancy

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 859-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen W. Adkins ◽  
Mary Loewen ◽  
Stephen J. Symons
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Primary Dormancy ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Low Degrees ◽  
Pure Lines ◽  
High Degree ◽  
B Lines

The germination of caryopses on water or GA3 solutions was used to characterize the degree of primary dormancy present in the seed progeny of 10 genetically pure lines of wild oats (Avena fatua L. # AVEFA). These 10 lines represented a range of types from lines exhibiting no dormancy to those with a high degree of dormancy. Repeated propagation of these pure lines under constant environmental conditions identified several genetically inherited characters that were associated with the inherited differences in degree of primary dormancy. Correlation of the seed development period, number of primary caryopses produced, and caryopsis moisture content to the degree of primary dormancy shows: a) Lines characterized by low degrees of primary dormancy were, in general, those that had a short seed development time and produced few heavy seed low in percent water; and b) lines characterized by high degrees of primary dormancy were, in general, those that had a long seed development time and produced many light seed high in percent water. The adaptive advantage of the coupling of physiological and morphological characters with degree of dormancy is discussed and the possibility that some characters are determined by others is indicated.

Genetic Variability for Herbicide Reaction in Plant Populations

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 652-657 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven C. Price ◽  
James E. Hill ◽  
R. W. Allard
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Herbicide Tolerance ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Wild Oat ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Avena Barbata

The level of genetic variation for tolerance to herbicides was quantified in populations of slender wild oat (Avena barbata Brott. # AVEBA), wild oat (Avena fatua L. # AVEFA), and godetia (Clarkia williamsonii Lewis & Lewis) that had not been previously exposed to herbicides. Seedlings of wild oat and godetia were treated with barban (4-chloro-2-butynl-m-chlorocarbanilate) and bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybenzonitrile), respectively. The plants were rated for phytotoxic effects following treatment. A one-way analysis of variance on arcsin-transformed phytotoxicity ratings showed significant amounts of inter- and intrapopulation variability for herbicide reaction. Furthermore, the amount of genetic variance for herbicide reaction is higher than expected on the basis of mutation alone, suggesting selection favoring genes conferring herbicide tolerance occurs in natural populations.

Dormancy studies in seed of Avena fatua. 8. Genetic diversity affecting response to temperature

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (18) ◽  
pp. 2224-2229 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Naylor ◽  
P. Fedec
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Adaptive Significance ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Strong Suppression ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Wild Oats ◽  
Pure Lines ◽  
Response To Temperature

Experiments are reported which demonstrate the interaction of temperature with genotype in controlling germination in wild oats. In some pure lines germination of newly matured seeds occurs at all temperatures in the range 4–32 °C. Other pure lines exhibit strong suppression of germination in the midportion of this temperature range. The possible adaptive significance of this dimorphism in nature is discussed.

Studies on the genetic control of some physiological processes in seeds

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 3561-3567 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Naylor
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Avena Fatua ◽  
Hormonal Control ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Highly Sensitive

Evidence is presented that genetic variability affecting duration of seed dormancy and seed viability exists in field populations of Avena fatua L. and that this variability is an important factor in the persistence of this weed species in allowing populations to adapt to particular cultural weed-control practices. Duration of seed dormancy is controlled by several or many genes, the effects of which are manifested in at least two physiologically distinct physiological blocks. Expression of genotypes which confer long-term seed dormancy is highly sensitive to temperature and drought stress experienced by maternal plants during seed development. Naturally inbreeding families characterized by long-term dormancy also exhibit rigorous hormonal control of the synthesis of at least one hydrolase in endosperm (α-amylase). This association of physiological traits apparently is not due to pleiotropy but rather to coadaptive multilocus organization.

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