Seasonal development of Dutch elm disease on white elms in central Ontario, Canada. II. Following feeding by the North American native elm bark beetle

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 353-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Takai ◽  
E. S. Kondo ◽  
J. B. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
North American ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Seasonal Development ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
The North ◽  
Vascular Discoloration ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes

Adults of the North American native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes, naturally infested with Dutch elm disease fungus, Ceratocystis ulmi, were caged on trunks of white elms (Ulmus americana) so that infection could be studied. In surveys made in 1971, expression of external symptoms of Dutch elm disease was observed on elms which had been caged with beetles during the period May 26 to July 9, 1971. Vascular discoloration (internal symptom expression), fungus spread, fungus contamination of beetles, and transmission of fungus to the host by beetles were pronounced on elms caged with beetles from June 3 to July 2. Ceratocystis ulmi was recovered from leaves of trees caged during the period May 26 to July 2. Until May 31, 1972, dieback and death resulting from infection were restricted to trees caged with beetles during June. Corresponding development of vascular discoloration and fungus spread in the host also occurred, mostly during the caging period in June. There was no appreciable change in beetle activity in xylem tissue during the period of experiment. These results suggest that the period of highest susceptibility of white elm to Dutch elm disease in 1971 in central Ontario was June 3 to July 2.Inoculation through feeding by caged beetles carrying C. ulmi is probably the method that most closely approximates natural infection.

Hylurgopinus rufipes. [Distribution map].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.) (Hylastes rufipes[Hylurgopinus rufipes] Eichh.) (Col., Scolytidae) (Native Elm Bark Beetle). Host Plants: Ulmus spp. (A vector of Dutch Elm Disease) Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A.

scholarly journals A Mark-recapture Technique for the Dutch Elm Disease Vector the Native Elm Bark Beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-122
Author(s):  
Irene Pines ◽  
Richard Westwood
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Buffer Zones ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Fluorescent Powder ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Elm Bark Beetles

Six mark-recapture experiments were conducted in Manitoba, Canada, to determine the effectiveness of fluorescent powder to mark emerging native elm bark beetle adults, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichoff) (Coleoptera: Scolytidae), the vector of Dutch elm disease, Ophiostoma novo-ulmi (Brazier), after departure from overwintering sites in spring and emergence from broodwood in summer. Native elm bark beetles marked themselves on emergence from overwintering sites and summer trap logs. The spring and summer periods of flight activity for unmarked and marked beetles were similar. Marked beetles were captured over 1 month after peak emergence in the spring and 2 months after emergence from trap logs in the summer. Marked beetles were captured up to 1 km (0.6 mi) from release sites. Where integrated Dutch elm disease management activities are implemented in buffer zones to minimize the number of elm bark beetles entering community urban forests, buffer zones should be a minimum of 1 km (0.6 mi) in width.

TRAPPING ELM BARK BEETLES IN THE CITY OF WINNIPEG, WITH A NEW RECORD FOR SCOLYTUS MULTISTRIATUS, (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN MANITOBA

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Buth ◽  
R. A. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
South Central ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Primary Vector ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
The City

The first outbreak of Dutch elm disease in Manitoba was recorded in 1975 in Brandon, Selkirk, and Winnipeg (Hildahl 1977). The primary vector of the disease in Canada is the native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.). The smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.), is considered the primary vector in most of the United States. In Canada, the latter species occurs throughout most of southern Ontario, parts of south-central Quebec, and has been recorded in New Bmnswick (Sterner et al. 1976).

Scolytid Vectors of the Dutch Elm Disease in Ontario

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-405
Author(s):  
W. Y. Watson ◽  
W. L. Sippell
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
European Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Insect Survey ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Current Incidence

Although many possible vectors of the Dutch elm disease, Ceratocystis ulmi (Buism.) C. Moreau, have been listed by Collins et al. (1936) and others, only two, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.), the European elm bark beetle, and Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.), the native elm bark beetle, are known to transmit the disease with any regularity. In this capacity alone thcse two species of beetles are important pests of elm. The persistent spread of the Dutch elm disease in southern Ontario (Hord and Quirke, 1955) made it imperative that adequate surveys be maintained to indicate yearly changes in the occurrence of the introduced vector, and to ascertain more precisely the distribution of the native vector relative to the distribution of elm in Ontario. Consequently the Forest Insect Survey of the Forest Insect Laboratory, Sault Ste. Marie, intensified its elm bark beetle program in 1956, and from then to 1959, 138 positive samples of these two scolytid beetles have been received. An analvsis of these records and their relationihip to the current incidence of the Dutch elm disease in Ontario are presented in this paper.

Scolytus multistriatus. [Distribution map].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) (Col., Scolytidae) (Smaller Elm Bark-beetle) (A vector of Dutch elm disease). Host Plants: Ulmus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Corsica, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Spain, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Iran, USSR, AFRICA, Algeria, Egypt, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A.

Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae), a nematode associate of the large elm bark beetle, Scolytus scolytus Fabr. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Dutch elm disease-affected elm, Ulmus laevis Pall.

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-318
Author(s):  
Marek Tomalak ◽  
Anna Filipiak
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Excretory Pore ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Molecular Profile ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Scolytus Scolytus ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Ulmus Laevis

Summary Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. is described from the bark of the European white elm, Ulmus laevis. All propagative stages of the nematode were found in larval galleries of the large elm bark beetle, Scolytus scolytus, and in overlapping gallery systems of this species and the small European elm bark beetle, S. multistriatus. Dauer juveniles of the new nematode are transmitted to new breeding trees under elytra of adult S. scolytus. Bursaphelenchus michalskii sp. n. is characterised by the female body length of 953 (838-1108) μm and male body length of 893 (811-971) μm, very slender body (a = 53.9 (46.1-58.5) and 60.9 (52.2-72.0) in female and male, respectively), lateral fields with three incisures (two bands), excretory pore usually located anterior to the median bulb, lack of vulval flap, long post-uterine sac, relatively small spicules 12.3 (10.8-13.3) μm long with no cucullus and with distinct, somewhat thorn-like, dorsally bent or reflexed condylus and a conical or digitate rostrum, and the arrangement of the seven male caudal papillae (i.e., a single precloacal ventromedian papilla (P1), one pair of adcloacal ventrosublateral papillae (P2) at or just anterior to cloacal slit, one ventrosublateral, postcloacal pair (P3) located at ca 60% of the tail length, posterior to cloacal slit, and one pair (P4) of ventrosublateral papillae located near the base of the bursa). The newly described species shares most of the key morphological characters with members of the eremus-group (sensu Braasch et al., 2009). However, B. michalskii sp. n. is unique amongst Bursaphelenchus species by a combination of female tail and spicule shape, excretory pore position, and other morphometric characters. These findings were confirmed by DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the 18S and 28S rDNA regions and by the unique molecular profile of the ITS region (ITS-RFLP).

scholarly journals Assessment of Domestic Goats as Models for Experimental and Natural Infection with the North American Isolate of Rickettsia slovaca

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. e0165007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Lukovsky-Akhsanov ◽  
M. Kelly Keating ◽  
Pamela Spivey ◽  
George W. Lathrop ◽  
Nathaniel Powell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
The North ◽  
North American Isolate ◽  
Rickettsia Slovaca

SEASONAL ACTIVITY OF THE NATIVE ELM BARK BEETLE, HYLURGOPINUS RUFIPES, IN CENTRAL ONTARIO (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE)

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Mass Movement ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Seasonal Activity ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Elm Bark Beetles

AbstractDaily trapping of native elm bark beetles, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.), in central Ontario showed that the population is divided into fairly discrete overwintering adult and larval groups. Group proportions depend on the stage of development of the local beetle infestation and disease infection. Both beetles and disease are spread by mass movement of beetles, in late summer and fall, in search of living elm trees in which to feed and overwinter.

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