Scolytid Vectors of the Dutch Elm Disease in Ontario

1961 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-405
Author(s):  
W. Y. Watson ◽  
W. L. Sippell
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
European Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Insect Survey ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
Current Incidence

Although many possible vectors of the Dutch elm disease, Ceratocystis ulmi (Buism.) C. Moreau, have been listed by Collins et al. (1936) and others, only two, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.), the European elm bark beetle, and Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.), the native elm bark beetle, are known to transmit the disease with any regularity. In this capacity alone thcse two species of beetles are important pests of elm. The persistent spread of the Dutch elm disease in southern Ontario (Hord and Quirke, 1955) made it imperative that adequate surveys be maintained to indicate yearly changes in the occurrence of the introduced vector, and to ascertain more precisely the distribution of the native vector relative to the distribution of elm in Ontario. Consequently the Forest Insect Survey of the Forest Insect Laboratory, Sault Ste. Marie, intensified its elm bark beetle program in 1956, and from then to 1959, 138 positive samples of these two scolytid beetles have been received. An analvsis of these records and their relationihip to the current incidence of the Dutch elm disease in Ontario are presented in this paper.

TRAPPING ELM BARK BEETLES IN THE CITY OF WINNIPEG, WITH A NEW RECORD FOR SCOLYTUS MULTISTRIATUS, (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE) IN MANITOBA

1981 ◽  
Vol 113 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Buth ◽  
R. A. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
The United States ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
South Central ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Primary Vector ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
The City

The first outbreak of Dutch elm disease in Manitoba was recorded in 1975 in Brandon, Selkirk, and Winnipeg (Hildahl 1977). The primary vector of the disease in Canada is the native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.). The smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsh.), is considered the primary vector in most of the United States. In Canada, the latter species occurs throughout most of southern Ontario, parts of south-central Quebec, and has been recorded in New Bmnswick (Sterner et al. 1976).

SEASONAL FLIGHT ACTIVITY OF THE SMALLER EUROPEAN ELM BARK BEETLE, SCOLYTUS MULTISTRIATUS (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), AND ASSOCIATES IN GEORGIA

1984 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 1251-1258 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Hanula ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Temporal Relationship ◽  
Flight Activity ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
European Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes

AbstractThe smaller European elm bark beetle, Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham), had three distinct periods of adult flight annually in Georgia. Adults of the associated native elm bark beetle, Hylurgopinus rufipes Eichhoff, were trapped on elm logs during only one period in the spring, but some adults were reared from infested bolts in the fall. Seasonal abundance of the S. multistriatus parasite Spathius benefactor Matthews (Braconidae) showed little temporal relationship to its host. However, Entedon leucogramma Ratzeburg (Eulophidae) emergence was highly synchronized with S. multistriatus emergence. Scolytus multistriatus overwintered as fully developed larvae as in other parts of its range.

scholarly journals The change in the structure of hydrogen bonds in elm wood due to damage by European elm bark beetle Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.И. ИВАНОВА ◽  
В.И. ИВАНОВ-ОМСКИЙ ◽  
И.А. ДАВЫДОВА ◽  
Е.В. ГРИНЕНКО ◽  
Л.Л. ЛЕОНТЬЕВ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Water Metabolism ◽  
Mechanical Destruction ◽  
European Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle

Водородная связь (Н-связь) обеспечивает необходимую гибкость и устойчивость биологических систем, в том числе древесины. Для исследования энергии и концентрации Н-связей в древесине возможно применение ИК-спектроскопии. В этом случае судить о природе гидроксильных групп можно опираясь на величины длин и энергий Н-связей, известных для водородных связей в целлюлозе, лигнине и других компонентах древесины, которые были исследованы ранее [Иванов-Омский и др., 2017; Иванова и др., 2016]. Особенный интерес представляет решение задачи об изменении прочности и иных свойств древесины при отмирании дерева в случае повреждения биологическими агентами. В данном исследовании поставлена задача – исследовать влияние повреждений короедов на структуру водородных связей древесины. Объектом исследования выбран вяз Ulmusglabra Huds, заселённый струйчатым заболонником. Этот короед является вектором распространения голландской болезни ильмовых в Санкт-Петербурге. Срезы для спектрального анализа взяты с поверхности заболони вяза, заселённого короедом. Полученные результаты показали, что на повреждённых заболонником участках происходит разрушение наиболее сильной межмолекулярной связи, обеспечивающей соединение молекул целлюлозы и, соответственно, прочность ствола. Увеличивается и концентрация внутримолекулярных связей, что может означать принципиальные изменения в водном обмене клеток древесины, связанные с разрушением аквапоринов. Это явление может быть связано с ответной реакцией вяза на нарушение движения растворов по сосудам при механическом разрушении древесины во время питания короедов и/или попаданием ферментов их слюнных желёз, амилазы или других карбогидраз. Не исключено попадание в древесину и других ферментов, например продуцируемых симбионтами короедов. Hydrogen bond (H-bond) provides the necessary flexibility and stability of biological systems, including wood. It is possible to use Infrared spectroscopy to study the energy and concentration of H-bonds in wood. In this case, it is possible to assess the nature of the hydroxyl groups based on the lengths and energies of H-bonds, known for hydrogen bonds in cellulose, lignin and other wood components, which had been studied earlier [Ivanov-Omskiy et al., 2017; Ivanova et al., 2016]. Of special interest is the solution of the problem of changing the strength and other properties of wood when the tree dies in case of damage by biological agents. In this paper, the task was to study the effect of damage by bark beetles on the structure of hydrogen bonds of wood. The object of research was elm Ulmus glabra Huds infested by the European elm bark beetle Scolytus multistriatus. This bark beetle is the vector of Dutch elm disease in St. Petersburg. Sections for spectral analysis are taken from the surface of the elm sapwood inhabited by bark beetle. The obtained results showed that on the sites damaged by the sapwood, the strongest intermolecular bond (which binds the cellulose molecules together and ensures the strength of the trunk) breaks down. The concentration of intramolecular bonds also increases. This means a fundamental change in the water metabolism of wood cells, associated with the destruction of aquaporins. This phenomenon may be related to the response of the elm to the violation of the movement of solutions through vessels during mechanical destruction of wood during the feeding of bark beetles and/or the ingestion of enzymes from their salivary glands, amylase or other carbohydrases. It is also possible that other enzymes (such as those produced by the beetles’ symbionts) come into contact with wood.

Scolytus multistriatus. [Distribution map].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Scolytus Multistriatus ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Distribution In Europe

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Scolytus multistriatus (Marsham) (Col., Scolytidae) (Smaller Elm Bark-beetle) (A vector of Dutch elm disease). Host Plants: Ulmus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in EUROPE (excl. USSR), Austria, Belgium, Britain, Bulgaria, Corsica, Czechoslovakia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Rumania, Spain, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, ASIA (excl. USSR), Iran, USSR, AFRICA, Algeria, Egypt, NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A.

Hylurgopinus rufipes. [Distribution map].

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Disease Information ◽  
Elm Bark Beetle ◽  
Hylurgopinus Rufipes ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Hylurgopinus rufipes (Eichh.) (Hylastes rufipes[Hylurgopinus rufipes] Eichh.) (Col., Scolytidae) (Native Elm Bark Beetle). Host Plants: Ulmus spp. (A vector of Dutch Elm Disease) Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, U.S.A.

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