In vitro culture of western red cedar (Thuja plicata). II. Induction of male strobili from vegetative shoot tips

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 557-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren K. Coleman ◽  
Trevor A. Thorpe
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Continuous Illumination ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Vegetative Shoot ◽  
Continuous Darkness ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Western Red Cedar ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Male Strobili

Vegetative shoot tips of mature western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn) were cultured on defined nutrient media. In the presence of high concentrations of various gibberellins, microsporangiate strobili were induced from the vegetative tips during an 8-week period under continuous illumination. No strobili were induced by GA3 under short-day (SD; 8-h photoperiod) conditions or continuous darkness. The ontogenetic stages of strobilus induction and development in culture were similar to those reported for intact plants. Prolonged culture produced externally mature male strobili. However, histological examination of the sporogenous tissues revealed either abortion of the tissues or an apparent arrest in early meiosis. Wide concentration ranges of either IAA or NAA in the presence or absence of 1 × 10−4 M GA3 did not qualitatively modify the early development of male strobili or induce female strobili, although 1 × 10−4M IAA completely inhibited induction of the male strobili by GA3. Benzylaminopurine or kinetin suppressed the induction of male strobili by GA3, while Ethrel or abscisic acid at the concentrations tested had no apparent qualitative effects on microsporangiate strobili formation.

Characterization of the complete plastome of western red cedar, Thuja plicata (Cupressaceae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-81
Author(s):  
Kole F. Adelalu ◽  
Xiao-Jian Qu ◽  
Yan-Xia Sun ◽  
Tao Deng ◽  
Hang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Western Red Cedar

THE BEHAVIOUR OF FIVE WOOD SPECIES IN COMPRESSION

IAWA Journal ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Ellis ◽  
Paul Steiner
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Trembling Aspen ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Western Red Cedar

Five wood species, Oregon ash (Fraxinus latifolia Benth.), Balau (Shorea spp.), Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), Western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don), and Trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) were loaded in compression longitudinally, radially and tangentially. The wood cubes were conditioned to one of four moisture contents prior to loading. Small cubes were loaded until no void space remained after which samples were released and soaked in water. Stress /strain curves were recorded over the whole range of strain and cube thicknesses were recorded at the end of the compression, after release from the testing apparatus, and after soaking in water. Denser woods resulted in a greater Young’s modulus, higher levels of stress and shorter time to densification than did less dense woods. Higher initial moisture contents apparently increased the plasticity of the wood leading to a lower Young’s modulus and lower levels of stress during compression, greater springback after release of stress and greater recovery after swelling in water. Differences observed in the radial and tangential behaviours were believed to be due to the supporting action of the rays when the wood was compressed in the radial direction in balau and trembling aspen and to the relative difference between the lower density earlywood and higher density latewood regions in ash, Douglas-fir and western red cedar.

Selfing and correlated paternity in relation to pollen management in western red cedar seed orchards

Botany ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 353-359
Author(s):  
Kermit Ritland ◽  
Allyson Miscampbell ◽  
Annette Van Niejenhuis ◽  
Patti Brown ◽  
John Russell
Keyword(s):  
Mating System ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Paternity Analysis ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Management Schemes ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
Western Red Cedar ◽  
New Feature ◽  
Thuja Plicata Donn

We used microsatellite genetic markers to evaluate the mating system of western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don) under various seed orchard pollen management schemes. We primarily examined whether supplemental mass pollination (SMP) can reduce the observed selfing rates. Pollen blowing and “hooding” were also examined in smaller tests. Only SMP was consistently effective in reducing the selfing rate, from 30% to 20%. The correlation of paternity was quite high (60%–90%) in two of three orchards, and in these two orchards the application of SMP reduced this correlation by about 10% as well. The correlation of paternity is the fraction of full-sibling vs. half-sibling progeny, and unbiased estimates can be obtained with few loci, even single loci, in contrast to other types of paternity analysis. We also find the microsatellite amplicon sizes should be pooled into “bins” of 2–4 nucleotides, owing to unintended errors of assay; otherwise the estimates are biased. This new feature of mating system estimation was incorporated into the computer program MLTR.

Equations for Estimating Browse Biomass of Red Huckleberry, Western Red-Cedar, and Deer Fern by Vertical Profile

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 48-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Smith ◽  
Alan McLeod
Keyword(s):  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus Columbianus ◽  
Height Profile ◽  
Winter Range ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Blechnum Spicant ◽  
Second Growth ◽  
Western Red Cedar

Abstract Edible biomass estimating regression equations were developed for red huckleberry (Vaccinium parvifolium), understory western red-cedar (Thuja plicata) and deer fern (Blechnum spicant) growing in potential second-growth Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus) winter range on Vancouver Island, B.C. Vertical edible biomass height profile equations were also developed for red huckleberry and western red-cedar. These models may be used to objectively and conveniently help assess the amount of forage available to deer during severe winters. West. J. Appl. For. 7(2):48-50.

Respiratory Tract Reactions to Western Red Cedar

1981 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.D. Blainey ◽  
V.A.L. Graham ◽  
M.J. Phillips ◽  
R.J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Bronchial Challenge ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Western Red Cedar ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Dust Extract ◽  
Occupational Contact

1 Asthma due to western red cedar (Thuja plicata) is well recognized, but has not been described frequently in the UK. Two patients who developed asthma and rhinitis due to occupational contact with western red cedar were studied. Both patients developed late asthmatic responses following bronchial challenge with western red cedar. 2 The challenge technique and the results of comparison between different wood dusts and dust extract are described. 3 The technique of anterior rhinometry was used to follow the nasal response to challenge in one patient, and demonstrated a late nasal reaction which followed a similar time course to the bronchial response.

OCCURRENCE OF β-DOLABRIN (4-ISOPROPENYLTROPOLONE) IN WESTERN RED CEDAR (THUJA PLICATA DONN.)

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (12) ◽  
pp. 1612-1615 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. F. Gardner ◽  
G. M. Barton
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Crystallization ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Sodium Salt ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Salt Precipitation ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Approximate Composition ◽  
Western Red Cedar ◽  
Thuja Plicata Donn

The steam-volatile oil of western red cedar contains traces of a fifth tropolone, β-dolabrin (4-isopropenyltropolone), in addition to α-, β-, and γ-thujaplicin and 7-hydroxy-4-isopropyltropolone. The presence of β-dolabrin, previously obtained from Japanese "Hiba" wood by Nozoe, was detected by paper chromatography and proved by isolation of a sample from the steam-volatile oil by a combination of sodium salt precipitation, fractional crystallization, and preparative paper chromatography. The approximate composition of the steam-volatile oil from butt heartwood is given.

Attraction of male Mayetiola thujae (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) to the sex-pheromone blend of (2S,12S)-, (2S,13S)-, and (2S,14S)-diacetoxyheptadecane is reduced in the presence of the SR- or RR-stereoisomers

2007 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-689
Author(s):  
Regine Gries ◽  
Robb G. Bennett ◽  
Grigori Khaskin ◽  
Gerhard Gries
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Seed Orchard ◽  
Field Trapping ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Synthetic Pheromone ◽  
Western Red Cedar ◽  
Sex Pheromone Blend ◽  
Pheromone Blend

AbstractIn a field trapping experiment in an abandoned seed orchard of western red-cedar, Thuja plicata Donn × D. Don, in British Columbia, we show that attraction of male red-cedar cone midges, Mayetiola thujae (Hedlin), to the pheromone blend (2S,12S)-, (2S,13S)-, and (2S,14S)-diacetoxyheptadecane is reduced in the presence of a blend of all other stereoisomers, or of the three SR- or RR-stereoisomers. The three RS-stereoisomers, in contrast, had no significant effect. Thus, synthetic pheromone for monitoring M. thujae populations must not contain the SR- or RR-stereoisomers of 2,12-, 2,13-, and 2,14-diacetoxyheptadecane. This result will allow development of a less expensive design for synthesizing the pheromone.

Lignans of western red cedar (Thuja plicata Donn). VII. Dihydroxythujaplicatin

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 739-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold MacLean ◽  
B. F. MacDonald
Keyword(s):  
Hot Water ◽  
Thuja Plicata ◽  
Red Cedar ◽  
Degradation Studies ◽  
Western Red Cedar ◽  
Thuja Plicata Donn

The structure of a seventh lignan from the hot-water extractive of western red cedar, which was partially separated in a previous paper, has been determined as 2,3-dihydroxy-2-(3″,4″-dihydroxy-5″-methoxybenzyl)-3-(4′-hydroxy-3′-methoxybenzyl)-butyrolactone (I). This lignan is the fifth member of the thujaplicatin series and is trivially named dihydroxythujaplicatin. Methylation, ethylation, and degradation studies provide proof of structure by comparison with known compounds.

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