Effect of rifampin application time on crown-gall tumor induction by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (22) ◽  
pp. 2581-2588 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Anand ◽  
G. T. Heberlein
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Bacterial Inoculation ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Bean Leaves

Rifampin was applied to Kalanchöe leaves, primary pinto-bean leaves, and carrot root discs at various times after inoculation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. Inhibition of tumor induction was substantial and maximal when rifampin (200 μg/ml) was applied to the wound sites immediately after bacterial inoculation. The time period after inoculation during which rifampin remained inhibitory varied with the plant host used. Inoculated Kalanchöe leaves remained sensitive to rifampin for 36 h while pinto-bean leaves and carrot discs remained sensitive for 20 and 4 h, respectively. Rifampin failed to inhibit tumor induction when applied to plant wounds inoculated with rifampin-resistant mutants of A. tumefaciens. Tumor weight was typically enhanced by rifampin in the Kalanchöe and carrot assays when applied after the period in which it was inhibitory. The viability of A. tumefaciens in vitro and while on the plant was substantially reduced by rifampin. Nevertheless, the lethal effect of the drug on A. tumefaciens was insufficient to fully account for its inhibitory effect on tumor induction.

α-Amanitin hemmt die Tumorinduktion durch Agrobacterium tumefaciens / α-Amanitin Inhibits Tumor Induction by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

1972 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1393-1394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Beiderbeck
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Rna Synthesis ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Tumor Initiation ◽  
Tumor Induction

Concentrations of 0,8—90 μg α-amanitin per ml do not inhibit the growth of Agrobacterium tumefaciens in vitro. 20 ug/ml of the drug reduce tumor initiation by these bacteria (on leaves of Kalanchoe) if it is added simultaneously with the bacteria or 24 hours after infection. Addition of α-amanitin 96 hours after bacterial infection does not reduce the number of initiated tumors but it slows down tumor growth. These results demonstrate the participation in tumorigenesis of RNA synthesis in the nucleoplasm of the host cells.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial properties of phytohormone (gibberellins) against phytopathogens and clinical pathogens

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paoirse Toner ◽  
David Nelson ◽  
Juluri R. Rao ◽  
Madeleine Ennis ◽  
John E. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
Wide Range

The in vitro antimicrobial potential of physiologically active diterpenoid plant-derived gibberellins (gibberellic acids; GAs) was tested on microbial pathogens of significance to plant and human health. The racemic enantiomer GA3 produced varying inhibitory effects against a wide range of plant host disease causal agents (phytopathogens) comprising fungi, oomycetes and bacteria. The results showed that GA3 effected either strong growth arrest of phytopathogenic fungi or holistic biocidal effects on oomycete and phytopathogenic fungi at higher concentration (>10–50 mM) and increased hyphal extension growth when the concentration of GA3 was lowered (<10−0.1 mM). When human clinical pathogenic bacteria cohorts were challenged with gibberellin enantiomers, viz GA1, GA4, GA5, GA7, GA9 and GA13 (50 mM), employing Kirby–Bauer disc bioassay methods for assessment of their efficacies, no inhibitory effect was seen with gibberellin enantiomers, viz GA1, GA3, GA5 and GA13, while GA4 inhibited all human clinical bacterial organisms examined, with GA7 and GA9 showing limited activity. The antibiotic effects of enantiomeric diterpenoid phytohormones evinced in our preliminary study raise prospects for further studies to fully examine their potential therapeutic value for human healthcare and their compliance with cytotoxicity and other ethical considerations in the future.

The effects of Pyrantel-Oxantel on the Dipylidium caninum tapeworm: An in vitro study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 969-986
Author(s):  
Jair Millán-Orozco ◽  
Jersson Millán-Orozco ◽  
Miguel Ángel Betancourt-Alonso ◽  
América Ivette Barrera-Molina ◽  
María Soledad Valledor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Macroscopic Appearance ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Oxantel Pamoate

The present study aimed to evaluate, in vitro, the cestocidal effect of Pyrantel-Oxantel on the Dipylidium caninum tapeworm. Each intestine sample was obtained by means of a transversal incision of the abdominal area of each euthanized canine subject, individually dissected via  longitudinal incision, and examined for the presence of D. caninum. An optical microscope was used to identify and verify proglottid morphology and viability based on its macroscopic appearance. The cestocidal effects of Pyrantel-Oxantel (75 mg pyrantel pamoate; 75 mg oxantel pamoate) were assessed in adult tapeworms (treated group, n= 21; control group, n= 21) placed on Petri dishes and incubated at 37 °C. One-hour post-incubation, the D. caninum cestodes treated with Pyrantel-Oxantel presented a 28 % decrease (P=0.001) in motility, which rose to a 52 % (P=0.0001) decrease by the end of the second hour. The control group (P=0.0001) presented 55.7 % motility for at least the first six hours of incubation and 4.2 % (P=0.001) motility by the end of the study, while 0 % motility was observed in the treated group by the end of the study. Pyrantel-Oxantel had a lethal effect (P=0.0001) on adult D. caninum, with 100 % mortality observed 6 h after in vitro post-incubation, while the control group presented 55.7 % viability after the same time period. In addition, Pyrantel-Oxantel reduced (P=0.001) tegument thickness by 42.5 % (10.24 ± 0.21 µm), while this was 17.81 ± 0.33 µm for the control group. The results of this study indicate that Pyrantel-Oxantel has a therapeutic effect on the presence of D. caninum, inducing both a reduction of the tegument thickness and increased mortality.

Der Einfluß von Protoplastenmedien auf die Tumorinduktion an Kalanchoe-Blättern / The Influence of Protoplast Media on the Tumor Induction on Kalanchoe Leaves

1975 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Beiderbeck
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Tissue Culture Media ◽  
Complete Knowledge ◽  
Tumor Transformation ◽  
Effects Of Media

Abstract Experiments concerning tumor transformation of plant cells or protoplasts need complete knowledge of the effects of media components. Here inhibiting effects of cellulase Onozuka, glucose, sucrose and mannitol (up to 0.3 M) , of tissue culture media, and of the antibiotic aureo-mycin on the tumor initiation process in Kalanchoe leaves are reported. Also the influence of these substances on the growth of the tumor inducing Agrobacterium tumefaciens is studied. The results lead to the design of conditions which should be favourable to in vitro transformation.

scholarly journals Abundant Extractable Metabolites from Temperate Tree Barks: The Specific Antimicrobial Activity of Prunus Avium Extracts

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Abedini ◽  
Marius Colin ◽  
Jane Hubert ◽  
Emilie Charpentier ◽  
Apostolis Angelis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Tree Barks ◽  
13C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

Tree barks are mainly considered as wood wastes from forestry activities, but represent valuable resources as they may contain antimicrobial compounds. Here, we aimed to evaluate the possible antimicrobial activities of bark extracts and to characterize the chemical composition of the most active extract. Ten methanol bark extracts were tested in vitro against 17 bacterial strains and 5 yeast strains, through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal (or fungicidal) concentration (MBC/MFC) assays. The extract from Prunus avium (E2-4) displayed the largest bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria, with a lethal effect on 6 out of 8 strains. Antibiofilm assays of E2-4 were performed by crystal violet staining and enumeration of adhered bacteria. Assays demonstrated a biofilm inhibitory effect of E2-4 against Staphylococcus aureus CIP 53.154 at concentrations equal to or higher than 250 µg/mL. Chemical profiling of E2-4 by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) revealed the presence of dihydrowogonin as a major constituent of the extract. E2-4 was fractionated by centrifugal partition chromatography and the three fractions containing dihydrowogonin were tested for their antibacterial and antibiofilm activities, revealing similar activities to those of E2-4. Dihydrowogonin was positively assessed as an interesting antimicrobial compound, which could be valued from wastes of Prunus avium barks.

Bakterienwand und Tumorinduktion durch Agrobacterium tumefaciens / Bacterial Cell Wall and Tumor Induction by Agrobacterium tumefaciens

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf Beiderbeck
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Bacterial Cell ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Avirulent Strain ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
High Concentrations

Bacterial cell walls are concerned with the tumor induction by Agrobacterium tumefaciens on leaves of Kalanchoe in two different ways: 1. If an inoculum of the virulent strain B6 of A. tumefaciens is mixed with cells of the avirulent strain IIBNV6 or with high concentrations of cell wall preparations from B6 itself tumor induction is inhibited. The same is true with cell wall preparations which were treated with ether or chloroform. In vitro growth of the bacteria is not influenced by cell wall preparations. 2. Penicillin inhibits tumor induction by inhibiting bacterial growth. Addition of penicillin as late as 8 hours after infection is still inhibiting tumor initiation. Growth of induced tumors is not inihited by penicillin. The meaning of the two cell wall related processes in tumor induction is discussed.

scholarly journals Effect of Gibberellic Acid on Crown Gall Tumor Induction in Aging Primary Pinto Bean Leaves

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 1016-1017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinod K. Anand ◽  
Chris Bauer ◽  
Gary T. Heberlein
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Crown Gall Tumor ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Bean Leaves

Polymyxin resistance in Agrobacterium tumefaciens and its effect on crown gall tumor induction

1979 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Liao ◽  
G. T. Heberlein
Keyword(s):  
Agrobacterium Tumefaciens ◽  
Crown Gall ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Polymyxin B ◽  
Defined Medium ◽  
Tumor Initiation ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Crown Gall Tumor ◽  
Pinto Bean ◽  
Cell Envelopes

Polymyxin-resistant (PBLr) mutants of Agrobacterium tumefaciens A6, B6, and B6M were isolated from polymyxin-sensitive (PBLs) parent strains in a defined medium containing 600 μg of polymyxin B sulfate per millilitre. The weight and number of tumors induced by PBLr mutants on a variety of host plants such as carrot, potato, and pinto bean were 45–75% less than those induced by PBLs wild types. The crude cell envelopes (CCE) prepared from both PBLs and PBLr bacteria were inhibitory for tumor initiation when they were applied before or during the inoculation of viable tumorigenic bacteria, but not when they were applied 30 min after the inoculation of infectious bacteria. The potency to inhibit the tumor initiation by the CCE prepared from PBLs cells was approximately 50% higher than that by the equal amount of the CCE prepared from PBLr cells. The concentration of CCE preparations required to reduce tumor induction 50% in carrot and pinto bean was determined to be 2.6 mg/mL and 4.0–6.2 mg/mL for the CCE derived from PBLs and PBLr cells, respectively. These data suggest that the envelope structure or composition of PBLs and PBLr cells is distinct, and that the acquisition of resistance to polymyxin by agrobacteria modifies envelope structure or components which are essential for tumor initiation.

scholarly journals The Effect of Artichoke Ethanolic Extract on Antibiotic-Resistant Clinical Strains of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Women

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Fazeli-Nasab ◽  
Moharam Valizadeh ◽  
Maryam Beigomi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Lethal Effect ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory and lethal effect of artichoke on pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus aureus and compare it with antibiotics in vitro. Methods: Ten strains of S. aureus were isolated from the vagina of women in Amir Al-Momenin Hospital of Zabol, Iran. The resistance pattern was determined by the disk diffusion method. Finally, the effect of the extract on bacteria was determined by the 96-well microplate method. Results: The results of the antibiotic resistance pattern showed that S. aureus samples had the highest resistance to oxacillin antibiotic and were sensitive to other antibiotics, and only one sample was sensitive to vancomycin antibiotic. The lowest inhibitory concentration of artichoke against S. aureus was 3.1 mg/mL, but five strains were inhibited at a concentration of 6.25 mg/mL. Conclusions: Ethanolic extract had a significant inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus pathogens. Further clinical research is necessary for clinical use of these extracts.

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