Chlorophyll and carotenoids of the rin tomato mutant

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 1657-1660 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Sink Jr. ◽  
R. C. Herner ◽  
L. L. Knowlton
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Pleiotropic Effects ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Reciprocal Hybrids ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Carotenoid Composition ◽  
Tomato Mutant ◽  
Β Carotene

Fruit of the rin tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutant were analyzed for chlorophyll and carotenoid composition. Thirty days after pollination, rin fruit contained less chlorophyll a and more chlorophyll b, causing a lower a:b ratio than fruit of the normal ripening line. Phytoene, phytofluene, β-carotene, γ-carotene, and lycopene were all present in normal fruit 40–45 days old. In contrast, the carotenoids found in rin fruit were composed mostly of phytoene, with reduced quantities of β- and γ-carotene and traces of phytofluene and lycopene. Fruits of rin contained only phytoene and β-carotene after 180 days. These changes in endogenous pigments are interpreted as pleiotropic effects of the rin gene on the ripening tomato fruit. Pigmentation differences in fruit of the reciprocal hybrids were detected.

scholarly journals The Effect of Methyl Jasmonate Vapour on Some Characteristics of Fruit Ripening, Carotenoids and Tomatine Changes in Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Czapski ◽  
Marian Saniewski
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Methyl Jasmonate ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Outer Part ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Visual Scoring ◽  
Lycopene Content ◽  
Fruit Pericarp ◽  
Β Carotene

Tomato ripening in normal red-fruited cultivar (Fiorin) was delayed by treatment with methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) vapour. A visual scoring system for describing tomato ripening was used. Surface of fruits exposed to JA-Me vapour, increased in yellow and decreased in red as determined by HunterLab colour meter. JA-Me significantly altered the firmness of fruits after 21 days storage. Vapour of JA-Me enhanced the level of β-carotene in outer part (peel with 3 mm pericarp tissue) of fruit, while it had no effect in peeled fruit pericarp. JA-Me treatment decreased the level of lycopene in outer part and pericarp tissue, however, in outer part lycopene content decreased at a higher rate than in pericarp. Amount of tomatine in fruits treated with JA-Me had enhanced four-fold in outer part and by 62% in peeled fruit pericarp as compared with the control.

Interactions between Photosynthetic Pigments Bound to Lipid and Protein Particles. Spectroscopic Properties

1979 ◽  
Vol 34 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
Framçoise Techy ◽  
Monique Dinant ◽  
Jacques Aghion
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Relative Concentration ◽  
Spectroscopic Properties ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Pheophytin A ◽  
Chlorophylls A And B ◽  
Protein Particles ◽  
Β Carotene

Abstract The spectroscopic (visible) properties of pigment-bearing lipid and protein particles extract­ ed from milk show that: 1) chlorophylls a and b bound to separate particles can form aggregates provided their relative concentration is high enough. Neither pheophytin a nor β-carotene, in the same conditions, form observable aggregates. 2) Chlorophylls a and b can co-aggregate when they are bound to the same particles. Pheophytin a as well as β-carotene seem to prevent the aggregation of chlorophyll a. β-carotene has no effect on the aggregation of chlorophyll b.

FRUIT DISORDER OF GLASSHOUSE TOMATOES CAUSED BY A TOBACCO FORM OF TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 597-604
Author(s):  
W. R. ALLEN ◽  
K. C. CHADHA
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Cross Protection ◽  
Mature Fruit ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Dark Green

A severe fruit disorder of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was induced with a tobacco form of tobacco mosaic virus isolated from blemished tomato fruit (cv. Ohio WR25) from a glasshouse crop in southwestern Ontario. Symptoms on green tomatoes consisted of slightly sunken, pale or yellowish-brown lesions with a thin, dark green margin. Lesions frequently expanded and coalesced along the flutes. The shoulders of the fruit were the most extensively affected areas. On mature fruit, the lesions appeared either silvery or silvery-brown and generally had a scabby appearance due to cracking and lifting of the surface tissues. Lesions were superficial and internal symptoms were not detected. First-truss inoculations prevented or delayed the fruit disorder. Inoculations at truss stages two, three, and four, however, resulted in development of affected fruit on inoculated as well as lower and subsequent trusses with the exception of the first truss. Similar susceptibilities to the fruit disorder occurred among the glasshouse cultivars Michigan Ohio (Burghart strain), Ohio WR25, Vantage, Veegan, and Vendor. No cross protection against the fruit disorder was provided by a mild tomato form of TMV introduced at the second-leaf stage.

STUDY ON THE VARIABILITY OF LYCOPENE AND Β-CAROTENE CONTENT IN TOMATO (LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM MILL.)

2007 ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tomlekova ◽  
B. Atanassova ◽  
D. Baralieva ◽  
F. Ribarova ◽  
D. Marinova
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Β Carotene

scholarly journals Analysis of the molecular size of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) fruit polyuronides by gel filtration and low-speed sedimentation equilibrium

1987 ◽  
Vol 245 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
G B Seymour ◽  
S E Harding
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Sedimentation Equilibrium ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill ◽  
Wall Structures ◽  
Molecular Size Distribution

The cell-wall structures of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) and other fruit are intimately linked with the nature of their polyuronides. Cell-wall polyuronides from unripe and ripe tomato fruit were isolated and purified and their molecular size and molecular-size distributions were compared. It was demonstrated that there is a considerable decrease in the weight-average Mr upon ripening (from 160,000 +/- 10,000 to 96,000 +/- 4000) and a corresponding increase in polydispersity, particularly at the low-Mr end of the distribution. The estimates of polyuronide molecular size and molecular-size distribution were obtained without the need for polyuronide standards of known Mr by using gel-filtration chromatography combined with the absolute method of low-speed sedimentation equilibrium.

CHANGES IN LEAF PIGMENTS DURING SENESCENCE AND CURING OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

1984 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 229-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
WILLIAM A. COURT ◽  
JOHN G. HENDEL
Keyword(s):  
Nicotiana Tabacum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Nicotiana Tabacum L ◽  
Pigment Concentrations ◽  
Oxygen Substitution ◽  
Β Carotene ◽  
Carotenoid Degradation

Neoxanthin, violaxanthin, lutein, β-carotene, chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in the leaves of flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) were determined in samples collected at intervals from the middle of July through harvest. Harvested leaves were also sampled at intervals during flue curing for pigment determinations. Except where interrupted by rainfall or irrigation, pigment concentrations progressively declined during plant growth; this degradation was accelerated during flue curing. Carotenoid degradation during flue curing was proportional to the degree of oxygen substitution of the carotenoid. Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in cured tissue were typically less than 1% of the amounts present at harvest.Key words: Carotenoids, chlorophyll, tobacco (flue-cured), flue curing, senescence

Effect of Nitrate and Ammonium Ions on the Pigment Content (Xanthophylls, Carotenes and Chlorophylls) of Ramalina Capitata

1995 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
M. A. Sanchez-Hoyos ◽  
E. Manrique
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Pigment Content ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Ammonium Ions ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Β Carotene

AbstractThalli of Ramalina capitata were sprayed with deionized water, 10 mM solutions of KNO3 or NH4Cl, or maintained without any water supply, for 10 days under controlled conditions. The lichens without a water supply showed an increase n antheraxanthin, lutein and β-carotene. The samples treated with deionized water showed a significant increase in violaxathin, antheraxanthin and β-carotene. The lack of a significant difference in zeaxanthin could indicate the absence of de-epoxidation of violaxanthin to zeaxanthin via antheraxanthin. Those samples treated with nitrate solution showed a significant increase in all pigments except for antheraxanthin. In contrast, ammonium treatment did not induce changes compared to water alone, except that antheraxanthin decreased. The lichens treated with nitrate exhibited a significant increase in both chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, but ammonium affected only chlorophyll b.

scholarly journals BIOCHEMICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CHANGES OF CALLUS GROWTH AND LYCOPENE PIGMENT PRODUCTION FROM TOMATO (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) UNDER DROUGHT STRESS

2018 ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Talib Khashan Kareem ◽  
Abbas Tikki Karrar
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Callus Tissue ◽  
Tomato Fruit ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Mother Plant ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill

This experiment was conducted in faculty of Science labs, Kufa University, carried out during 2015 to applied methods for extraction, purification and Quantitative of Lycopene red pigments, from callus tissue and tomato fruits mother plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill).This study include of three parts, Firstly; Tomato seeds(Supper queen) hybrid were germinated in free MS medium and callus induction from shoot tip (3cmpieces) by using MS medium supplemented with Dichlorophenoxiactic acid (2,4-D) at different concentration (0.5,1, 1.5mg/l)with benzyl adenine (BA) at concentration of (0.3 mg/l). Secondly; identically callus fresh weight re-cultured in the same MS medium supplemented with high molecular weight polyethylene glycol (PEG) was used as selective agent at level of (5,10,15 and 25%). Thirdly; comparisons study were made between in vitro and in vivo grown plant. Powder of control lycopene used as standard solution. The content of lycopene was done by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and compare of the quantitatively of lycopene with these content in fruits of mother plant, and callus tissue. Also, include alcohol extraction of Lycopene from tomato fruit by using acetone and hexane mixture. The result showed significant increased (P< 0.05) of lycopene production and the superiority of lycopene content in callus than the content in fruits of mother plant. Antioxidant enzymes activity like Catalase (CAT),Guaiacol peroxidise (POX) and Superoxide dismutase(SOD) were high in callus under drought stress than in fruit of mother plant. However, Proline and total sugar content were at higher levels in callus under drought stress than in fruit of mother plant.

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