Investigations of the flowering of Saccharum. I. Ontogeny of the inflorescence

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Hybrid Clones ◽  
Two Hybrid

Early development of the inflorescence of two hybrid clones in the genus Saccharum is presented. Stages of inflorescence development are described for those phases having potential for either further reproductive development or reversion to vegetative growth. The stage of irreversible reproductive growth is ontogenetically much later for Saccharum than for other plants.

Effects of Limb Girdling on Growth and Development of Competing Fruit and Vegetative Tissues of Peach Trees

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
IR Dann ◽  
RA Wildes ◽  
DJ Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Vegetative Tissues ◽  
Peach Trees

The distribution of current assimilates between competing zones of potential growth in the peach tree (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) was studied using limb girdling, which altered the balance between reproductive growth and vegetative growth in a similar manner to the aging process. Fruit matured earlier, and leaf senescence and abscission were advanced in girdled limbs. which supported normal fruit loads but had only half the leaf area. Lateral growth and secondary thickening were reduced by 50% but vegetative growth approached normal rates at times when fruit growth was minimal, indicating that girdling reduced the ability of vegetative growth to compete with reproductive growth for assimilates. Starch and soluble sugars did not accumulate above the girdles. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that girdling alters the balance between endogenous growth regulators which favour either vegetative or reproductive development. We suggest that the initial effects on the girdled limb are attributable to accumulation of growth regulators produced above the girdle. The reduced flow of growth regulators to the roots eventually results in lowered levels of root-produced hormones which subsequently causes effects throughout the tree.

scholarly journals Grapevine culture in trenches. 2. Reproductive characteristics and interactions with vegetative growth

OENO One ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Christophe Zapata ◽  
Jean-Claude Audran ◽  
Christian Magné
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Pinot Noir ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
The Third ◽  
Controlled Conditions ◽  
Berry Size

<p style="text-align: justify;">In order to assess the consequence of a strong vegetative growth on inflorescence development and berry setting, two grapevine cultivars differing in their rate of fruit set were grown for 3 years in a greenhouse under semi-controlled conditions. Merlot (low % fruit set) and Pinot noir (high % fruit set) vines produced well-developed clusters in year 3 after planting, thus allowing the study of interactions between vegetative growth and reproductive development over the third growing season. Progress in development of both cultivars was simultaneous until pea berry size and biomass production was similar throughout the season. However, biomass production was negatively correlated to flower differentiation (number of flowers/inflorescence) in Merlot whereas not in P. noir. Possible causes of this interaction are discussed.</p>

A Method to Generate Full-Length cDNA Molecules from Yeast Two-Hybrid Clones and RACE Products

1999 ◽  
Vol 268 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles S. Hemenway ◽  
Benjamin W. Halligan ◽  
Grahame C.D. Gould
Keyword(s):  
Full Length ◽  
Yeast Two Hybrid ◽  
Full Length Cdna ◽  
Hybrid Clones ◽  
Two Hybrid

Response of soya beans to planting date in south-eastern Queensland. II.* Vegetative and reproductive development

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 723 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Lawn ◽  
DE Byth
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Vegetative Development ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Seed Yields

Vegetative and reproductive development of a range of soya bean cultivars was studied over a series of planting dates in both hill plots and row culture at Redland Bay, Qld. Responses in the extent of vegetative and reproductive development were related to changes in the phasic developmental patterns. The duration and extent of vegetative development for the various cultivar-planting date combinations were closely associated with the length of the period from planting to the cessation of flowering. Thus, vegetative growth was greatest for those planting dates which resulted in a delay in flowering and/or extended the flowering phase. Similarly, genetic lateness of maturity among cultivars was associated with more extensive vegetative development. Seed yield per unit area increased within each cultivar as the length of the growing period was extended until sufficient vegetative growth occurred to allow the formation of closed canopies under the particular agronomic conditions imposed. Further increases in the length of the period of vegetative growth failed to increase seed yield, and in some cases seed yields were actually reduced. Biological efficiency of seed production (BE) was negatively correlated with the length of the vegetative growth period. Differences in BE among cultivar-planting date combinations were large. It is suggested that maximization of seed yield will necessitate an optimum compromise between the degree of vegetative development and BE. Optimum plant arrangement will therefore vary, depending on the particular cultivar-planting date combination. ___________________ \*Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 24: 67 (1973).

Effects of Photoperiod on Reproductive Development in Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrasti)

Weed Science ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 627-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Growth Differences ◽  
Shoot Weight ◽  
Reciprocal Transfer

When velvetleaf plants from Mississippi and Minnesota populations were maintained in growth chambers with day/night temperatures of 29/23 C and photoperiods of 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 h, flower buds and open flowers appeared first in the 12 h photoperiod. Buds and flowers appeared 2 to 4 d later at photoperiods of 11, 13, or 14 h. Increasing the photoperiod beyond 14 h to 15 h delayed bud appearance an additional 7 d in the MN plants and 12 d in the MS plants. Open flowers appeared four to five nodes higher, 10 d later at 15 than at 14 h in the MN plants and 20 d later in the MS plants. Vegetative shoot weight and fruit weight 73 d after emergence were greater in 13 h or longer photoperiods than at 11 or 12 h. In shorter photoperiods, MN plants produced more vegetative growth than MS plants, but the reverse occurred at longer photoperiods where MS plants were taller than MN plants. These growth differences occurred because earlier shifts in allocation to reproductive growth in MN plants limited their vegetative growth, particularly in the longest photoperiods. Differences in rate of reproductive development between populations were not evident until photoperiod exceeded 13 h. Reciprocal transfer of plants of the MS population between short and long photoperiods revealed the durations of the juvenile (pre-inductive), inductive, and post-inductive phases to be 3 to 5, 7 to 8 (short day) or 30 (long day), and 10 to 11 d, respectively. Differences in competitive ability among latitudinal biotypes of photoperiodically-sensitive weeds may depend on time of emergence in the field and consequent photoperiod exposure. Weed growth simulation models to be used in development of expert systems for weed management should take photoperiodic sensitivity into account.

scholarly journals Identification of Kel1p, a Kelch Domain-containing Protein Involved in Cell Fusion and Morphology in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1998 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Philips ◽  
Ira Herskowitz
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Cell Fusion ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Coiled Coils ◽  
Cell Integrity ◽  
Cell Morphogenesis ◽  
Kinase C ◽  
Kelch Domain ◽  
Drosophila Protein ◽  
Two Hybrid

We showed previously that protein kinase C, which is required to maintain cell integrity, negatively regulates cell fusion (Philips, J., and I. Herskowitz. 1997. J. Cell Biol. 138:961–974). To identify additional genes involved in cell fusion, we looked for genes whose overexpression relieved the defect caused by activated alleles of Pkc1p. This strategy led to the identification of a novel gene, KEL1, which encodes a protein composed of two domains, one containing six kelch repeats, a motif initially described in the Drosophila protein Kelch (Xue, F., and L. Cooley. 1993. Cell. 72:681– 693), and another domain predicted to form coiled coils. Overexpression of KEL1 also suppressed the defect in cell fusion of spa2Δ and fps1Δ mutants. KEL2, which corresponds to ORF YGR238c, encodes a protein highly similar to Kel1p. Its overexpression also suppressed the mating defect associated with activated Pkc1p. Mutants lacking KEL1 exhibited a moderate defect in cell fusion that was exacerbated by activated alleles of Pkc1p or loss of FUS1, FUS2, or FPS1, but not by loss of SPA2. kel1Δ mutants form cells that are elongated and heterogeneous in shape, indicating that Kel1p is also required for proper morphology during vegetative growth. In contrast, kel2Δ mutants were not impaired in cell fusion or morphology. Both Kel1p and Kel2p localized to the site where cell fusion occurs during mating and to regions of polarized growth during vegetative growth. Coimmunoprecipitation and two-hybrid analyses indicated that Kel1p and Kel2p physically interact. We conclude that Kel1p has a role in cell morphogenesis and cell fusion and may antagonize the Pkc1p pathway.

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