Effects of Limb Girdling on Growth and Development of Competing Fruit and Vegetative Tissues of Peach Trees

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
IR Dann ◽  
RA Wildes ◽  
DJ Chalmers
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Vegetative Tissues ◽  
Peach Trees

The distribution of current assimilates between competing zones of potential growth in the peach tree (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) was studied using limb girdling, which altered the balance between reproductive growth and vegetative growth in a similar manner to the aging process. Fruit matured earlier, and leaf senescence and abscission were advanced in girdled limbs. which supported normal fruit loads but had only half the leaf area. Lateral growth and secondary thickening were reduced by 50% but vegetative growth approached normal rates at times when fruit growth was minimal, indicating that girdling reduced the ability of vegetative growth to compete with reproductive growth for assimilates. Starch and soluble sugars did not accumulate above the girdles. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that girdling alters the balance between endogenous growth regulators which favour either vegetative or reproductive development. We suggest that the initial effects on the girdled limb are attributable to accumulation of growth regulators produced above the girdle. The reduced flow of growth regulators to the roots eventually results in lowered levels of root-produced hormones which subsequently causes effects throughout the tree.

scholarly journals 189 BLOOM THINNING WITH ARMOTHIN®, AN AKZO SURFACTANT

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 456b-456
Author(s):  
Dean R. Evert
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Leaf Abscission ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
The Third ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Normal Variability

Armothin® thinned `Sentinel' fruit on peach trees (Prunus persica L.) in 1993. Thinning increased as Armothin® rate in the single spray increased from 1.5X, to 3.0% to 6.0% (v:v) and as the percentage of open blossoms increased from 30% to 61%. The 1.5 % rate of Armothin® thinned significantly only on the third date, and the 6.0% rate overthinned slightly on the third date. Minor discoloration developed on the expanding leaves of a few of trees but disappeared in a few days. No leaf abscission occurred on treated trees and tree growth was normal. Variability between trees treated alike probably reflects the variability in bloom when sprayed. According to Akzo, Armothin® prevents pollination by reacting with the surface of the receptive stigma. Spraying after full bloom should selectively prevent fertilization of the last blossoms to open without destroying the fertilized fruit. This possibility will be tested in 1994. Armothin®, which is a contact thinner, seems to avoid the problems associated with thinners that act as growth regulators and with nonselective caustic thinners. Because of its low phytotoxicity and wide range of effective rates, Armothin® has great potential as a chemical thinner.

Investigations of the flowering of Saccharum. I. Ontogeny of the inflorescence

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 677-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul H. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Early Development ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Reproductive Growth ◽  
Inflorescence Development ◽  
Hybrid Clones ◽  
Two Hybrid

Early development of the inflorescence of two hybrid clones in the genus Saccharum is presented. Stages of inflorescence development are described for those phases having potential for either further reproductive development or reversion to vegetative growth. The stage of irreversible reproductive growth is ontogenetically much later for Saccharum than for other plants.

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilization in consecutive cycles and its impact on high-density peach crops

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 172-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letícia Vanni Ferreira ◽  
Luciano Picolotto ◽  
Ivan dos Santos Pereira ◽  
Juliano Dutra Schmitz ◽  
Luis Eduardo Corrêa Antunes
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
High Density ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Peach Trees

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilization on the mineral composition of leaves, initial growth, and yield of peach (Prunus persica) tree advanced selections grown at a high-planting density. The experiment was carried out between 2012 and 2015 in a randomized complete block design, with a combination of advanced selections of the 'Cascata 1513' and 'Cascata 1067' peach trees and of N fertilization doses (0, 30, 60, and 120 kg ha-1 N). Green weight after pruning, diameter, and increase of trunk diameter, canopy volume, plant height, branch length, number of buds per centimeter of shoot, chlorophyll index, leaf area, rust incidence, average production, number of fruit, and mass of fruit were evaluated. Genotype affects the vegetative growth and productive performance of peach trees. The application of N to dense peach orchards promotes a greater vegetative growth of the plants and increases the content of the nutrient in leaves. The initial production is affected by N fertilization. The recommendation of N fertilization made to date is insufficient for peach trees at high-density management systems of production.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Fall versus Spring Soil Fertilization of Field-grown Peach Trees

2001 ◽  
Vol 126 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-648 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.J.A. Niederholzer ◽  
T.M. DeJong ◽  
J.-L. Saenz ◽  
T.T. Muraoka ◽  
S.A. Weinbaum
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soil N ◽  
N Accumulation ◽  
Total N ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
Leaf N

Marginally nitrogen (N)-deficient, field-grown peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch (Peach Group) 'O' Henry'] were used to evaluate seasonal patterns of tree N uptake, vegetative growth, and yield following fall or spring fertilization. Sequential tree excavations and determinations of tree biomass and N contents in Feb. and Aug. allowed estimation of N uptake by fall-fertilized trees between September 1993 and mid-February 1994. Total N uptake (by difference) by spring- fertilized trees as well as additional N uptake by fall-fertilized trees over the spring.summer period was also determined. In fall-fertilized trees, only 24% of tree N accumulation between September 1993 and August 1994 occurred during the fall/dormancy period. Spring- and fall-fertilized trees exhibited comparable vegetative growth, fruit size, and yield despite lower dormant tree N contents and tissue N concentrations in the spring-fertilized trees. Fifty percent of tree leaf N content was available for resorption from leaves for storage in woody tree parts. This amount (N at ~30.kghhhhhhha-1) was calculated to represent more than 80% of the N storage capacity in perennial tree parts of fertilized peach trees. Our data suggest that leaf N resorption, even without fall soil N application, can provide sufficient N from storage to initiate normal growth until plant-available soil N is accessed in spring.

THE USE OF SOME ORGANIC AND BIO-FERTILIZERS FOR EARLIGRANDE PEACH TREES FERTILIZATION UNDER NORTH SINAI CONDITIONS A: VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND LEAF CHEMICAL CONTENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
Abdaallah El-Kharafen ◽  
Hany El-Alakmy ◽  
Roqia Ahmed ◽  
Mohamed Sourour ◽  
Mohamed ElDeep
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Chemical Content ◽  
Peach Trees ◽  
North Sinai

Herbicide Effects on Weed Control and Shoot Growth of Young Apple (Malus sylvestris) and Peach (Prunus persica) Trees

1994 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 840-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester L. Foy ◽  
Susan B. Harrison ◽  
Harold L. Witt
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
One Year ◽  
Broadleaf Species ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Peach Trees

Field experiments were conducted at two locations in Virginia to evaluate the following herbicides: alachlor, diphenamid, diuron, metolachlor, napropamide, norflurazon, oryzalin, oxyfluorfen, paraquat, pendimethalin, and simazine. One experiment involved newly-transplanted apple trees; the others, three in apple and one in peach trees, involved one-year-old trees. Treatments were applied in the spring (mid-April to early-May). Control of annual weed species was excellent with several treatments. A broader spectrum of weeds was controlled in several instances when the preemergence herbicides were used in combinations. Perennial species, particularly broadleaf species and johnsongrass, were released when annual species were suppressed by the herbicides. A rye cover crop in nontreated plots suppressed the growth of weeds. New shoot growth of newly-transplanted apple trees was increased with 3 of 20 herbicide treatments and scion circumference was increased with 11 of 20 herbicide treatments compared to the nontreated control. Growth of one-year-old apple trees was not affected. Scion circumference of one-year-old peach trees was increased with 25 of 33 herbicide treatments.

Early performance of micropropagated trees of several Malus and Prunus cultivars on their own roots

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 847-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Quamme ◽  
R. T. Brownlee
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Flesh Firmness ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Early Performance ◽  
Peach Trees

Early performance (6–8 yr) of Macspur McIntosh, Golden Delicious, and Spartan apple (Malus domestica Borkh.); Fairhaven peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch.]; Montmorency sour cherry (P. cerasus L.); and Lambert sweet cherry (P. avium L.) trees, tissue cultured (TC) on their own roots, was compared with that of the same cultivars budded on commercially used rootstocks. TC trees of all apple cultivars were similar in size to trees budded on Antonovka seedling or M.4 and exceeded the size of trees budded on M.26. They were delayed in flowering and in cropping compared with trees budded on M.26 and M.4. No difference in titratable acidity, soluble solids, flesh firmness, weight, flavor, and color between fruit from TC trees and from trees on M.4 and Antonovka seedlings was detected in 1 yr of measurement. However, fruit from TC Golden Delicious was more russeted and fruit from TC Spartan had more soluble solids. The difference in fruit appearance between TC and budded trees may result from a root-stock effect or a difference in budwood source, because Spartan fruit from trees on M.4 was more russeted than Spartan fruit from TC trees, but was not different from Spartan fruit from trees on Antonovka seedling. Trees of Macspur McIntosh on TC M.26 and on stool-layered M.26 were similar in size and yield efficiency. TC Fairhaven was larger in size than Fairhaven on Siberian C seedling, but was less yield efficient. No difference in fruit size, flesh firmness, or color was detected between fruit harvested from peach trees on the different roots. Montmorency and Lambert TC and on F12/1 were similar in tree size, respectively, but Montmorency and Lambert TC were more yield efficient than on F12/1. Fruit of TC Lambert was lighter in color and had higher titratable acidity than that of Lambert on F12/1, perhaps a result of earlier fruit maturity. Key words: Apple, peach, sweet cherry, sour cherry, self-rooted, rootstocks

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