Bioassays of fungi isolated from Pinus contorta var. latifolia with pinosylvin, pinosylvinmonomethyl ether, pinobanksin, and pinocembrin

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1303-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Loman
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Coniophora Puteana ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Agar Media

On 2% malt extract agar media containing 10% lodgepole pine heartwood meal, laccase-producing Peniophora pseudo-pini Weres. & Gibson and Fomes pini (Thore ex Fr.) Lloyd survived 400 p.p.m. of dispersed non-solvated pinosylvin, double the lethal dose of pinosylvin for these fungi on 2% malt extract agar. Non-laccase-producing Coniophora puteana Schum. ex Fr. survived 200 p.p.m. of pinosylvin on 2% malt extract agar containing 10% heartwood meal. The lethal dose of pinosylvin for C. puteana on 2% malt extract agar was 50 p.p.m.On 2% malt extract agar and on 2% malt extract containing 1% cellobiose, 200 p.p.m. of the flavanone pinocembrin permitted the survival of P. pseudo-pini in the presence of 200 p.p.m. of pinosylvin. F. pini survived 200 p.p.m. of pinosylvin on 2% malt extract agar containing 1% cellobiose. This fungus survived when 200 p.p.m. of the flavanone pinocembrin were added to 200 p.p.m. of pinosylvin on 2% malt extract agar.

Tahap Kontaminasi Bioearosol: Satu Kajian Kes

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Norafiqah ◽  
M. Ahmad ◽  
R. Firdausi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Contamination Level ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Sampling Duration

Satu kajian menilai tahap kepekatan bioaerosol di ruangan pejabat telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan teknik persampelan hentaman. Dua pemboleh ubah utama, iaitu kadar alir udara, dan masa persampelan yang optimum ditentukan terlebih dahulu. Kesesuaian pertumbuhan bioaerosol khususnya bakteria dan fungus, juga diuji dengan menggunakan empat jenis agar iaitu nutrient agar, tryptic soy agar, potato dextrose agar dan malt extract agar. Keputusan mendapati bahawa kadar alir persampelan 28 liter per minit bersama masa persampelan selama enam minit dan penggunaan medium tryptic soy agar memberikan keputusan yang terbaik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan korelasi yang amat baik di antara tahap kontaminasi bioaerosol dan bilangan manusia yang terdapat di ruangan pejabat, dengan pekali korelasinya yang amat bererti iaitu r2 = 0.99. Kata kunci: Kualiti udara dalaman, pencemaran udara dalaman, bioaerosol A study to evaluate the level of bioaerosol contamination in the office spaces was performed using the impaction sampling technique. Two main variables, i.e. sampling air flow rates and duration as well as the suitability of four agar media i.e. nutrient agar, tryptic soy agar, potato dextrose agar and malt extract agar were predetermined. The data showed that the sampling flow rate of 28 Lpm with a sampling duration of 6 minutes applied on tryptic soy agar presented the best results. The study also revealed that there was a strong correlation (i.e. r2 = 0.99) between bioaerosol contamination level and the number of person in the given sampling location. Key words: Internal air quality, internal air pollution, bioaerosol

scholarly journals Agar media for isolation of Neonectria ditissima from symptomatic and asymptomatic apple tissues and production of infective conidia

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 116-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.T. Amponsah ◽  
M. Walter ◽  
R.W.A. Scheper
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Canker Pathogen ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Woody Tissues

European canker pathogen caused by the fungus Neonectria ditissima could not be isolated when infected woody tissues were plated directly onto potato dextrose agar (PDA) malt extract agar (MEA) or acidified PDA (pH 45) However the alternative media water agar (WA) and apple sapamended water agar (ASAWA) were successfully used to isolate the pathogen In the preparation of ASAWA green shoots of 1yearold fresh Scilate apple were frozen overnight then allowed to thaw The tissues were then centrifuged and the sap collected to prepare the medium Neonectria ditissima could be isolated from both symptomatic and asymptomatic apple tissues on both WA and ASAWA Both media supported the production of large numbers of conidia in vitro with more conidia being produced on ASAWA than on WA The conidia produced in vitro had morphological characteristics and pathogenicity similar to those produced in the field

scholarly journals عزل وتعريف واختبار كفاءة بعض الفطريات في تحلل الهيدروكربون من التربة الملوثة بالنفط

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
سعاد محمد خليفة أبوالغيث ◽  
أحلام القمودي محمد زعيط
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Aspergillus Nidulans ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Extract Agar

استهدفت هذه الدراسة عزل بعض أنواع الفطريات من التربة الملوثة بالهيدروكربون بمصفاة الزاوية لتكرير النفط، حيث تم عزل وتعريف بعض الفطريات مثل Rhizopus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans وأوضحت نتائج هذه الدراسة أن تواجد وتنوع فطر Aspergillus قد تفوق معنويا مقارنة بتواجد وتنوع فطرRhizopus. كما تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار قدرة وكفاءة الفطريات المعزولة على النمو واستغلال المركبات الهيدروكربونية المتمثلة في زيت الحمادة وزيت الشرارة بتركيز 1% و3%، حيث أوضحت النتائج بأن جنس Rhizopus سجل أعلى معدل للنمو على الوسط الغذائي Malt Extract Agar، وسجل كلا من فطر A. fumigatus وفطر A. flavus معدّل النمو القطري أعلى معنويا من النمو القطري لفطرA. niger  وفطر A. nidulans. هذه المعدّلات العالية تدل على إمكانية استخدام الفطريات المعزولة في المعالجة البيولوجية للتربة الملوّثة بالنفط.

PHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON THE PYCNOPORUS SPECIES

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1073-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence Madhosingh
Keyword(s):  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Intraspecific Variations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spot Tests ◽  
Physiological Studies

The physiology of three groups of morphologically similar wood-rotting polypores, which produce extracellular oxidases as indicated by positive reactions with guaiacol, was studied comparatively.The inability to oxidize tyrosine and phenols, including guaiacol, in 'spot tests' distinguished P. cinnabarinus (Jacq. ex Fr.) Karst. from P. sanguineus (L. ex Fr.) Murr. and P. coccineus (Fr.) Bond. and Sing. growing on a tyrosine medium.The possible application of these methods for obtaining more specific distinctions within the two larger groups, the 'guaiacum-positive', lignin-decomposing and the 'guaiacum-negative' organisms, is indicated.The three groups separated on the basis of differential growth on malt extract agar at 35.2 °C.P. cinnabarinus grew slower generally than P. sanguineus and P. coccineus on malt extract agar between 20 °C and 40 °C and on various nitrogenous and phenolic substrates.There were indications that differences in the history of the isolates might have been a factor contributing to the intraspecific variations observed in growth and pigmentation.The pigments obtained from malt extract cultures of the three groups were the same.Eighteen, out of a total of 41 different ninhydrin-reacting compounds, were common to all isolates of the three groups grown in asparagine medium. Three compounds were specific to certain groups and 20 were distributed randomly between the isolates.

Production of Secondary Metabolites by Some Terverticillate Penicillia on Carbohydrate-Rich and Meat Substrates

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2829-2836 ◽  
Author(s):  
FÉLIX NÚÑEZ ◽  
CARMEN D. WESTPHAL ◽  
ELENA BERMÚDEZ ◽  
MIGUEL A. ASENSIO
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Meat Extract ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Dry Cured Ham

Most terverticillate penicillia isolated from dry-cured meat products are toxigenic, but their ability to produce hazardous metabolites on meat-based substrates is not well known. The production of extrolites by selected terverticillate penicillia isolated from dry-cured ham has been studied on carbohydrate-rich media (malt extract agar, Czapek yeast autolysate agar, rice extract agar, and rice), meat extract triolein salt agar, and ham slices. Chloroform extracts from the selected strains grown on malt extract agar were toxic for the brine shrimp (Artemia salina) larvae and VERO cells at a concentration of 2 mg/ml, but 0.02 mg/ml produced no toxic effect. Analysis by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with photodiode array detection (DAD) or with mass spectrometry (MS) and an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source revealed different biologically active metabolites: cyclopiazonic acid and rugulovasine A from Penicillium commune; verrucosidin, anacine, puberuline, verrucofortine, and viridicatols from Penicillium polonicum; arisugacin and viridicatols from Penicillium echinulatum; and compactin and viridicatols from Penicillium solitum. Most of these metabolites, including the amino acid–derived compounds, were produced in the media containing high levels of carbohydrates. High concentrations of nitrogen compounds in the medium does not imply a greater production of the metabolites studied, not even those derived from the amino acids. However, molds growing on dry-cured ham are able to synthesize limited amounts of some secondary metabolites, a fact not previously reported. The combination of HPLC coupled with DAD and MS-APCI was useful for identification of closely related terverticillate Penicillium species from dry-cured ham. These techniques could be used to characterize the risk associated with the potential production of secondary metabolites in cured meats.

Bacterial and Fungal Counts in Hospital Air: Comparative Yields for 4 Sieve Impactor Air Samplers With 2 Culture Media

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (12) ◽  
pp. 1405-1408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Gangneux ◽  
Florence Robert-Gangneux ◽  
Guirec Gicquel ◽  
Jean-Jacques Tanquerel ◽  
Sylviane Chevrier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Bacterial Counts ◽  
International Standard ◽  
Extract Agar

We compared the yields of 4 recently developed sieve impactor air samplers that meet international standard ISO 14698-1, using 2 growth media (tryptic soy agar and malt extract agar) in real conditions of use. Several hospital sites expected to have different densities of airborne microflora were selected in 2 hospitals. The Samplair MK2, Air Ideal, and Mas-100 samplers yielded higher bacterial counts than did the SAS Super-100 device (P<.05). No significant differences in fungal counts were noted between the 4 devices. The use of malt extract agar in addition to tryptic soy agar significantly improved the fungal yield.

scholarly journals ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI KAPANG PADA PINDANG BANDENG (Chanos chanos) PRESTO

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Resmi Rumenta Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Rose Bengal ◽  
Fusarium Solani ◽  
Penicillium Citrinum ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Chanos Chanos ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Fusarium Sp ◽  
Yeast Extract Agar

Ikan pindang adalah salah satu olahan yang sangat disukai oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari produksi ikan pindang yang setiap tahunnya mengalami peningkatan. Sebagai contoh di Kabupaten Bogor, produksi ikan pindang pada tahun 2013 sebesar 3.643,56 ton, meningkat menjadi 10.334,44ton pada tahun 2015. Ikan pindang disisi lain, sangat mudah mengalami kemunduran mutu disebabkan masih tingginya kadar air, pengemasan yang tidak memenuhi standar serta proses pengolahan yang pada umumnya kurang menerapkan prinsip sanitasi yang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi kapang yang tumbuh pada bandeng presto. Sampel Bandeng presto diambil dari CV. Cindy Group. Kapang diisolasi dengan metode pengenceran bertingkat menggunakan media DRBC (Dichloran Rose Bengal Chloramphenicol Agar), kemudian diidentifikasi secara morfologi menggunakan media Malt Extract Agar dan Czapek’s Yeast Extract Agar. Nilai Aktivitas air (aw) bandeng presto memiliki kisaran rata-rata 0,96 – 0,97. Secara makroskopis terlihat adanya pertubuhan kapang pada permukaan ikan bandeng presto setelah penyimpanan selama 3 hari pada suhu ruang (20-250C). Sebanyak 5 isolat kapang diisolasi dari ikan pindang sampel bandeng presto. Hasil identifikasi secara mikroskopis diketahui bahwa kapang yang tumbuh ada ikan pindang tersebut adalah spesies Penicillium citrinum, Eurotium chevalieri, Fusarium solani, Fusarium sp, dan Cladosporium sp. Kadar aw ikan pindang resto yang masih tinggi (0,96-0,97) menyebabkan ikan pindang mengalami pembusukan yang diakibatkan oleh bakteri.  

scholarly journals Zone line formation on artificial media and in hardwoods by basidiomycetes for production of spalted wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 833-841
Author(s):  
Stephanie Gantz ◽  
Susanne Steudler ◽  
Hubertus Delenk ◽  
André Wagenführ ◽  
Thomas Bley
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rot ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Malt Extract Agar ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Acer Pseudoplatanus ◽  
Line Formation ◽  
Wood Modification ◽  
Brown Rot Fungi ◽  
Extract Agar ◽  
Hardwood Species

AbstractOne of the visual modification of wood is the formation of dark zone lines (ZLs) via interaction of fungi. The result is called spalted wood, which has hitherto been produced mainly in small batches. The main goal of the present study is to further develop techniques for rapid formation of ZLs in hardwoods. Various white rot and brown rot fungi were tested to this purpose. Initially, interactions of 148 combinations of 17 basidiomycetes in malt extract agar were evaluated and their antagonistic interactions were characterised in order to identify fungal pairs capable of rapidly forming high-quality ZLs. Six types of interactions were observed, among others; antibiosis and inhibition in contact, which differ in terms of variables including mycelial overgrowth and zone line formation. Furthermore, 23 pairs of ZL forming fungi on malt extract agar were identified. Then the interactions of five selected pairs of fungi grown on the hardwood speciesAcer pseudoplatanusL.,Betula pendulaRoth. andPopulus nigraL. were examined to assess their utility for controlled mycological wood modification, also in terms of a possible substrate dependency of their interactions. The results indicate thatLentinus tigrinusfungus is one of the best and quickest producer of ZLs in mycological wood modification.

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