Growth of isolated Phycomyces sporangiophores on nutrient media and simple sugars

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans E. Gruen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Phycomyces Blakesleeanus ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Synthetic Media

Growth of isolated Phycomyces blakesleeanus sporangiophores was not promoted relative to growth on water either by a synthetic medium with two concentrations of dextrose or by concentrated and dilute potato dextrose solutions. A range of sucrose and dextrose concentrations also failed to promote growth. On the contrary, the more concentrated nutrient media and the pure sugar solutions at 0.08 M and higher reduced the final sporangiophore length measured after 64 h. The inhibition on dextrose was directly proportional to concentration up to about 0.7 M and increased more sharply at higher concentration, becoming complete at close to 1 M. At 0.9 M the incidence of branching was greatly increased. Sucrose caused almost the same inhibition as dextrose up to 0.3 M. On complete nutrient media, but not on water, considerable regeneration of mycelium occurred at the sporangiophore base, and the amount regenerated was greater on potato than on synthetic media. Sporangiophore growth was not influenced by the regenerated mycelium. Differences between the submerged regenerated mycelium and surface mycelium are pointed out. Growth of isolated sporangiophores was not affected by pH between 3 and 7.6, but pH 2 caused limited inhibition. The evidence suggests that a factor limiting the growth of the deficient isolated sporangiophores is normally supplied by the mycelium but is not a nutrient or growth factor present in media which support growth of mycelium with sporangiophores.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE METABOLISM OF STREPTOMYCES GRISEUS IN RELATION TO THE PRODUCTION OF STREPTOMYCIN

1948 ◽  
Vol 26c (2) ◽  
pp. 164-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. M. Eiser ◽  
W. D. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Streptomyces Griseus ◽  
Cellular Membrane ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Lyotropic Series ◽  
Amino Acid Combination

A synthetic medium inducing high streptomycin production was evolved by studying growth factor and nitrogen requirements of the mold Streptomyces griseus. It was concluded that mycelium growth and streptomycin production do not necessarily parallel each other. Histidine appeared to affect both streptomycin and mycelium formation and was essential in any amino acid combination to induce either a high mycelium or streptomycin yield. Valine was shown to stimulate streptomycin synthesis and aspartic or glutamic promoted only mycelium production. Experiments were done to show which metabolic changes in the medium could be associated with growth and which with the antibiotic production.The effect on the mold of high concentration of sodium chloride was investigated. It was found that by reducing the amount of salt in the nutrient media, the greater part of the streptomycin could be recovered from the mycelium instead of the medium. It appears that the antibiotic is a product of intracellular synthesis, since ions of the lyotropic series affecting the permeability of the cellular membrane affect the distribution of the antibiotic between medium and mycelium.

scholarly journals On the Nitrogen Nutrition of Silage Strains of Lactic Acid Bacteria

1966 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 105 ◽  
Author(s):  
CJ Brady
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Time Of Harvest

Consideration is given to the adequacy of the free amino acids in plant juices at the time of harvest as nitrogen substrate for strains of lactic acid bacteria isolated from silage. The requirements of several strains of the bacteria for free amino acids in synthetic media were compared with the concentration of these acids in the liquid phase of plants at the time of harvest; this comparison suggested that several amino acids, and particulady lysine, may at times be rate.limiting. Ethanolic extracts of plants, sampled before and after a period of post-harvest wilting, were assayed as nitrogen substrates for the bacteria. A marked response to additions of lysine, some response to arginine, and evidence of deficiency of other acids were noted. The importance of post-harvest proteolysis to the amino acid nutrition of the bacteria in the silage environment is discussed. Certain fractions of the plant extracts were found to promote early growth of the bacteria in the synthetic medium, and the distribution of this activity in different fractions is described.

scholarly journals Expression Profiling of Virulence and Pathogenicity Genes of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri

2005 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 1201-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Astua-Monge ◽  
Juliana Freitas-Astua ◽  
Gisele Bacocina ◽  
Juliana Roncoletta ◽  
Sérgio A. Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Expression Profiling ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
In Vitro System ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Transcriptional Alterations ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Dna Macroarrays

ABSTRACT DNA macroarrays of 279 genes of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri potentially associated with pathogenicity and virulence were used to compare the transcriptional alterations of this bacterium in response to two synthetic media. Data analysis indicated that 31 genes were up-regulated by synthetic medium XVM2, while only 7 genes were repressed. The results suggest that XVM2 could be used as an in vitro system to identify candidate genes involved in pathogenesis of X. axonopodis pv. citri.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON GROWTH AND LIGNOCELLULOLYTIC ACTIVITY OF NINE SARCODONTIA CROCEA STRAINS IN FOUR DIFFERENT MEDIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Sergey Volobuyev ◽  
◽  
Natalia Shakhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Malus Domestica ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Wood Extracts ◽  
Lignocellulolytic Activity ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
First Time

The results of a study of growth characteristics, macromorphological features and biosynthetic potential of nine dikaryotic strains of Sarcodontia crocea (Polyporales, Basidiomycota) maintained in the Komarov Botanical Institute Basidiomycetes Culture Collection (LE-BIN) are presented. The strains studied were extracted from the basidiocarps collected on Malus domestica in the Belgorod, Oryol and Rostov Oblasts, as well as by seeding of basidiospores. The cultural and morphological characteristics and enzymatic activity of S. crocea were tested on both standard nutrient media (malt-extract agar – MEA, glucose-peptone agar – GPA) and modified semi-synthetic agarized media. Original compositions has been developed and for the first time nutrient media pre-pared using water-based wood extracts from Malus domestica (Malus-M) and Pyrus communis (Pyrus-M) have been approved. It was found that a significant reduction in growth rates was observed during the cultivation of S. crocea on agarized nutrient media of GPA, Malus-M and Pyrus-M. The studied strains on Malus-M and Pyrus-M exhibited high colony variability, sparse micelian mat, and loss of zonality and air mycelium intensity compared to MEA. It was shown that the composition of the nutrient medium strongly determined the ability of S. crocea strains to produce lignocelluolytic complex enzymes. The cellulolytic activity was noted for strains on all media studied, but no reliable differences were found in the cultivation of strains on sugar-rich MEA and three other semi-synthetic media. Only two strains (LE-BIN 2138 and 4355) were identified as having high cellulolytic activ-ity when grown on MEA. The absence of lignolytic complex enzyme activity was demonstrated when the strains were cultivated on new modified semi-synthetic agarized media of Malus-M and Pyrus-M.

NUTRITION OF ANIMAL CELLS IN TISSUE CULTURE: IX. SYNTHETIC MEDIUM No. 703

1954 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 327-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Healy ◽  
Dorothy C. Fisher ◽  
Raymond C. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Average Period ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Cell Life ◽  
Mouse Cells ◽  
Synthetic Media ◽  
Purines And Pyrimidines

Previous reports from this laboratory described a synthetic medium, solution 199, that contained 60 ingredients and supported cell life for an average period of four to five weeks. The assays were carried out in roller tubes in which chick embryo mesenchyme tissues were cultivated directly on the glass. More recently, the synthetic media have been improved very considerably, and Earle's replicate culture assay procedures have been adapted for use in testing them. By means of these techniques, it has been possible to make accurate quantitative experiments with new synthetic solutions some of which are capable of yielding, in one week, five- and sixfold increases in the population of replicate cultures prepared from washed suspensions of Earle's L strain mouse cells. This was acommplished by omitting the purines and pyrimidines from solution 199, by adding greatly increased levels of cysteine, ascorbic acid, and glutathione, and by the addition of certain purified coenzymes. In solution 703, which is described in detail, cultures of L strain cells have been maintained in a healthy, active state for over five months, with renewal of the medium twice a week.

scholarly journals Factors controlling the proliferative rate, final cell density, and life span of bovine vascular smooth muscle cells in culture.

1981 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 568-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Gospodarowicz ◽  
K Hirabayashi ◽  
L Giguère ◽  
J P Tauber
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Vascular Smooth Muscle ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Synthetic Medium ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Final Cell Density

Low density vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell cultures maintained on extracellular-matrix(ECM)-coated dishes and plated in the presence of either plasma or serum will proliferate actively when serum-containing medium is replaced by a synthetic medium supplemented with three factors: high density lipoprotein (HDL, 250 micrograms protein/ml); insulin (2.5 micrograms/ml) or somatomedin C (10 ng/ml); and fibroblast growth factor (FGF, 100 ng/ml) or epidermal growth factor (EGF, 50 ng/ml). The omission of any of these three factors from the synthetic medium results in a lower growth rate of the cultures, as well as in a lower final cell density once cultures reach confluence. When cells are plated in the total absence of serum, transferrin (10 micrograms/ml) is also required to induce optimal cell growth. The effects of the substrate and medium supplements on the life span of VSM cultures have also been analyzed. Cultures maintained on plastic and exposed to medium supplemented with 5% bovine serum underwent 15 generations. However, when maintained on ECM-coated dishes the serum-fed cultures had a life span of at least 88 generations. Likewise, when cultures were maintained in a synthetic medium supplemented with HDL and either FGF or EGF, an effect on the tissue culture life span by the substrate was observed. Cultures maintained on plastic underwent 24 generations, whereas those maintained on ECM-coated dishes could be passaged repeatedly for 58 generations. These experiments demonstrate the influence of the ECM-substrate only in promoting cell growth but also in increasing the longevity of the cultures.

scholarly journals GROWTH OF THE FOWL CORYZA BODIES IN TISSUE CULTURE AND IN BLOOD AGAR

1939 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Cellular Component ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Embryo Tissue ◽  
Cultural Requirements ◽  
Culture Supernatants

Evidence is presented that the growth capacity of chick embryo tissue for the fowl coryza bodies is conditioned by a diffusible cellular component which is essential for their multiplication. This growth factor is inactivated at pH 6, but withstands a temperature of 100°C. for 60 minutes. An amount sufficient to promote a normal growth of the specific bodies may be present in tissue culture supernatants long after its content in the tissue is exhausted. Postembryonic tissue (liver and spleen) contains a variable amount of growth factor and is not a satisfactory substitute for the chick embryo. Multiplication of recently isolated fowl coryza bodies is not demonstrable in nutrient media enriched with blood. Experiments with one strain, however, indicate that an adaptation to fluid blood in an agar medium may take place after many generations in tissue culture. The probable bacterial nature of the fowl coryza bodies is discussed on the basis of their cultural requirements.

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