scholarly journals GROWTH OF THE FOWL CORYZA BODIES IN TISSUE CULTURE AND IN BLOOD AGAR

1939 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Cellular Component ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Embryo Tissue ◽  
Cultural Requirements ◽  
Culture Supernatants

Evidence is presented that the growth capacity of chick embryo tissue for the fowl coryza bodies is conditioned by a diffusible cellular component which is essential for their multiplication. This growth factor is inactivated at pH 6, but withstands a temperature of 100°C. for 60 minutes. An amount sufficient to promote a normal growth of the specific bodies may be present in tissue culture supernatants long after its content in the tissue is exhausted. Postembryonic tissue (liver and spleen) contains a variable amount of growth factor and is not a satisfactory substitute for the chick embryo. Multiplication of recently isolated fowl coryza bodies is not demonstrable in nutrient media enriched with blood. Experiments with one strain, however, indicate that an adaptation to fluid blood in an agar medium may take place after many generations in tissue culture. The probable bacterial nature of the fowl coryza bodies is discussed on the basis of their cultural requirements.

Identification of a novel growth factor with transforming activity secreted by individual chick embryos

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Smith ◽  
J.C. McLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Primitive Streak ◽  
Soft Agar ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Transforming Activity ◽  
Embryo Tissue ◽  
Differential Responsiveness

Previously we have developed a microassay for anchorage independent growth (AIG) of fibroblasts in soft agar, which can detect very small quantities of transforming growth factors (TGFs). Using this assay, we have shown that small pieces of dissected chick embryo tissue will stimulate AIG of both NR6 and NRK 49f cells, and that this property can be used to map production of growth factors with transforming activity in individual early embryos. We now show that this activity can be transferred to conditioned medium (CM) prepared using chick embryo tissue. Using two cell lines with differential responsiveness to TGFs, and by coincubating normal and heat-treated CM with trypsin, Con-A and neutralising antibodies, we show that CM contains at least two different growth factors with transforming activity. One of these is heat-stable, and stimulates colony formation in NRK 49f cells in the presence of EGF, but not in its absence. This activity corresponds to a TGF beta-like molecule. The other component is a heat-labile glycoprotein, which has TGF alpha-like properties, but does not appear to behave like known TGFs with these properties. It therefore appears to be a novel growth factor. Both activities are present from the intermediate primitive streak stage of development.

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