HEART ROT OF JACK PINE IN ONTARIO: I. THE OCCURRENCE OF BASIDIOMYCETES AND MICROFUNGI IN DEFECTIVE AND NORMAL HEARTWOOD OF LIVING JACK PINE

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Basham
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Principal Type ◽  
Tree Growth Rate ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Stand Conditions

A survey was made of the fungi inhabiting the heartwood of living jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in Ontario, particularly in stained and decayed wood. Two Basidiomycetes encountered frequently were Fomes pini (Fr.) Karst., associated with red stain and white pocket rot, and Peniophora pseudo-pini Weres. & Gibson, isolated almost exclusively from stained wood. F. pini was the only fungus consistently associated with white pocket rot, the principal type of heart rot in jack pine. The three most abundant microfungi, a member of the Coryne sarcoides complex, Tympanis hypopodia Nyl., and Retinocyclus abietis (Crouan) Groves & Wells, were encountered frequently in stained wood, but less frequently in decayed and normal wood.Many aspects of the occurrence of these five fungi in jack pine were investigated, including their distribution in the stems and branch stubs of individual trees and their association with normal, stained, and decayed wood therein; and the relation between their occurrence and tree growth rate, various heartwood properties, and different stand conditions. The apparent means by which the fungi enter jack pine, and the possible existence of a succession of fungi in the heartwood of living trees, are discussed.

HEART ROT OF JACK PINE IN ONTARIO: II. LABORATORY STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENICITY AND INTERRELATIONSHIPS OF THE PRINCIPAL HEARTWOOD-INHABITING FUNGI

1966 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 849-860 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Basham
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Moderate Increase ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Agar Culture ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Marked Variability ◽  
Individual Trees

Two Basidiomycetes, Fomes pini (Fr.) Karst. and Peniophora pseudo-pini Weres. & Gibson, and three microfungi (Ascomycetes), Tympanis hypopodia Nyl., Retinocyclus abietis (Crouan) Groves & Wells, and a member of the Coryne sarcoides complex, are the fungi most frequently isolated from the heartwood of living jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) in the Province of Ontario. Of these, only F. pini is consistently associated with decayed wood. In laboratory tests all five caused significant weight losses in jack pine heartwood samples, and all but the C. sarcoides complex appreciably altered the color of the wood. T. hypopodia was exceedingly antagonistic towards F. pini, both in malt agar culture and when inoculated in advance of F. pini in jack pine wood samples. The activity of P. pseudo-pini in the test samples was reduced slightly by the prior establishment of T. hypopodia and the C. sarcoides complex, but was stimulated somewhat by the presence of R. abietis. The presence of the C. sarcoides complex in jack pine samples resulted in a moderate increase in the activity of F. pini.In some cases competitive interactions among heartwood-inhabiting fungi may partly explain the marked variability in defectiveness frequently observed among individual trees in forest stands.

Disentangling the role of competition, light interception, and functional traits in tree growth rate variation in South Asian tropical moist forests

2021 ◽  
Vol 483 ◽  
pp. 118908
Author(s):  
Mizanur Rahman ◽  
Masum Billah ◽  
Md Obydur Rahman ◽  
Debit Datta ◽  
Muhammad Ahsanuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Functional Traits ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Rate Variation ◽  
Tree Growth Rate

Effects of enhanced tree growth rate on the decay capacities of three saprotrophic wood-fungi

2006 ◽  
Vol 232 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattias Edman ◽  
Rebecca Möller ◽  
Lars Ericson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Growth Rate

Intra-Ring and Inter-Ring Variations of Tracheid Length in Fast-Grown Versus Slow-Grown Norway Spruces (Picea Abies)

IAWA Journal ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Herman ◽  
Pierre Dutilleul ◽  
Tomas Avella-Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Picea Abies ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Fast Growth ◽  
Tracheid Length ◽  
Tree Growth Rate ◽  
The Mean

Our study was conducted on 40 Norway spruces [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] from a stand located in the Belgian Ardennes. Twenty trees were randomly sampled from a slow-growth category, and twenty others from a fast -growth category. The hypothesis under testing is fourfold: increased tree growth rate may affect 1) the intra-ring weighted frequency distribution of tracheid length, 2) the inter-ring variation (from pith to bark) of the parameters describing this frequency distribution, 3) the interring variation of the mean tracheid length, and 4) the correlation between yearly mean tracheid length and yearly ring width.

Boreal mixedwood tree growth on contrasting soils and disturbance types

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Martin ◽  
Stith T Gower
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Radial Increment ◽  
Mixedwood Forests ◽  
Increment Growth

Mixedwood forests are an ecologically and economically important ecosystem in the boreal forest of northern Canada. The objectives of this study were to (i) compare the age–height relationships for dominant tree species growing on two contrasting soil types and originating from different disturbances (logging versus wildfire), and (ii) determine the influence of competition on tree growth. Eight stands were selected that encompassed two age-classes replicated on two soil types (clay loam and sand) in a split-plot design. Four of the eight stands originated from logging (21–26 years old), and <F"Times">the four others originated from wildfires (80 years old). Nonlinear age–height analyses were used to compare annual height and radial increment growth of black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) BSP), jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Species, soil type, and size class explained significant amounts of the measured variation in the age–height models. Aspen, black spruce, and jack pine were 16%, 27%, and 19% taller, respectively, on clay soils than on sandy soils at the burned stand. Tree heights did not differ significantly among species or between soil types in logged stands. Diameter growth decreased as competition increased for black spruce and jack pine in the burned stands. The results for these three important boreal tree species are discussed in the context of sustainable forestry for boreal mixedwood forests.

Crown pruning and understory removal did not change the tree growth rate in a Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 464 ◽  
pp. 118056
Author(s):  
Renshan Li ◽  
Jianming Han ◽  
Xin Guan ◽  
Yonggang Chi ◽  
Weidong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Cunninghamia Lanceolata ◽  
Tree Growth Rate

Genetic variation among local populations of jack pine (Pinus banksiana)

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard A. Ross ◽  
Janice L. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Pollen Transport ◽  
Individual Trees ◽  
Nei's Genetic Distance

Genetic variability in three jack pine (Pinus banksiana) populations, spaced 10 km apart in southern Manitoba, was analyzed electrophoretically for 15 enzymes encoded by 20 structural loci. These populations were studied as spatial and temporal controls in an investigation of the effects of long-term gamma irradiation on boreal tree species. Individual populations were, on average, polymorphic at 53.3% of the loci and had 2.0 alleles per locus. Individual trees were heterozygous at 20.7% of their loci. An F-statistic analysis revealed an overall 10% excess of heterozygotes over Hardy–Weinberg expectations. Only 2% of the genetic variation occurred among populations. Consequently Nei's genetic distance between populations was small [Formula: see text]. The amount and disposition of the genetic variation in neighbouring populations resembled that observed by others among widely spaced populations. The similarity of the genetic structure of jack pine populations at the meso- and macro-geographic levels might result from the antagonistic effects of long distance gene flow via pollen transport (increasing homogeneity) and adaptation to fire or other patchily distributed environmental factors (reducing homogeneity).Key words: Jack pine, Pinus banksiana, allozymic variation, genetic structure.

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