SPECIATION AND NOMENCLATURE IN THE GENUS CELOSIA

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 1355-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Guard Cell ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Stomatal Size ◽  
Taxonomic Relationships ◽  
Three Generations

Guard cell measurements indicative of stomatal size were made on a number of herbarium specimens of cockscomb (C. cristata L., C. argentea var. cristata (L.) Ktze., et alii) and quail grass (C. argentea L.) in order to clarify further their taxonomic relationships. Cockscomb is considered by some authors to be synonymous with C. argentea L.; however, guard cell measurements averaged 9.59 and 11.70 units respectively, furnishing evidence for the distinctness of these two taxa. Consequently, cockscomb has been reinstated as C. CRISTATA L. In addition, five specimens were observed which possessed morphological characteristics of both C. cristata and C. argentea but were separable from both of these taxa by their guard cell measurements, which averaged 16.10 units. These plants collected in the Philippines and Central America are considered to have originated through hemialloploidy since the range of their guard cell measurements overlapped those of a known panalloploid between these species, namely, C. whiteii Grant. The geographic distribution of these plants indicates that hemialloploidy has occurred with a high frequency in the genus. A spontaneous fasciated plant has also been described which arose from seed of C. whiteii. Normal bivalent pairing of the chromosomes was observed in meiosis (n = 54) and progeny from this plant for three generations have all been fasciated.

Myrcia (Myrtaceae) in the state of Paraná, Brazil

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 486 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-105
Author(s):  
LAURA C. DE LANNOY ◽  
AYRTON I. DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
RENATO GOLDENBERG ◽  
DUANE F. LIMA
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Central America ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Northern Limit ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Taxonomic Descriptions ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Doubtful Species

Myrtaceae is one of the largest families in number of species within the order Myrtales and one of the richest families in Brazil. Myrcia is the fourth largest genus of Myrtaceae, with approximately 770 species distributed from Central America and the Caribbean to southern South America. In Brazil Myrcia is represented by 397 species, of which 309 are endemic. In this study, we present the taxonomic treatment for all species of Myrcia that occur in Paraná state, Brazil. Analyses of herbarium specimens, online databases, and bibliography were performed. Fifty-three species of Myrcia occur in Paraná, distributed in all vegetation types. Twenty-three names were excluded from previous lists of species or listed as doubtful species. Neither of the recorded species is endemic to Paraná, but this state is the southern and northern limit of distribution of six and two species, respectively. We present an identification key, taxonomic descriptions, figures, maps, and comments on phenology, habitat, and morphology for each species.

Begonia balangcodiae sp. nov. from northern Luzon, the Philippines and its natural hybrid with B. crispipila, B. × kapangan nothosp. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 407 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIH-HUI LIU ◽  
YU-HSIN TSENG ◽  
DIAITI ZURE ◽  
ROSARIO RIVERA RUBITE ◽  
TEODORA D. BALANGCOD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Paternal Genome ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Maternal Genome

The pantropically distributed Begonia (Begoniaceae) is one of the most species-rich genera. Philippines is one of the diversity centers of Southeast Asian Begonia. In our 2012 field survey, three species of Begonia section Petermannia were collected in Barangay Sagubo, Municipality of Kapangan, Province of Benguet in the northern Luzon Island, Philippines. Our study on literatures and herbarium specimens suggests that these collections consist of B. crispipila, an unknown new species hereby we named B. balangcodiae, and the natural hybrid between them. Molecular analyses confirm that the former contributed the maternal genome while the latter provided the paternal genome. We name the natural hybrid B. × kapangan, which is the first natural hybrid reported in sect. Petermannia.

scholarly journals Morphometry and Phylogeny of the Different Populations of Selaginella tamariscina (P. Beauv.) Spring and S. pulvinata (Hook. & Grev.) Maxim. in Northern Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Udon Pongkawong ◽  
◽  
Jatupol Kampuansai ◽  
Rossarin Pollawatn ◽  
Arunothai Jampeetong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Selaginella Tamariscina

Abstract “Dok Hin” is the Thai local name for Selaginella species that form rosettes. They commonly distributes in Siberia, Manchuria, southern China, Japan, the Philippines and Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin is very resemble leading to misidentification. So, exactly number of species of Dok Hin in Thailand and their differences in morphological characteristics is not well understood. Thus, revision of morphological characters and phylogenetic confirmation of the taxonomic identification are needed. This study aims to examine morphological charateristics and phylogenetic patterns in eight populations of the Dok Hin in Northern Thailand. Morphology of Dok Hin from each populations was quantitatively examined using 15 vegetative and 6 reproductive characters meanwhile phylogenetic analyses was explored by DNA barcode ITS2. The results of the phylogenetic analysis revealed the existence of two species of Dok Hin, S. tamariscina and S. pulvinata. Selaginella tamariscina can be distinguished from S. pulvinata by its presence of a pseudotrunk above ground and ridges of dorsal leaves. On the other hand, the results of phylogenetic analysis indicated the differences among populations of S. pulvinata as well. Chiang Mai populations of S. pulvinata was characterized by peculiar set of characters long leaves and leaf apices look like caudate, while the rest of their populations have shorter leaves and leaf apices look like aristate. It indicates that S. pulvinata has genetic and phenotypic divergence among populations. However, additional studies of Dok Hin populations in other parts of Thailand and studies on different genetic markers are necessary to confirm the taxonomic status of S. pulvinata. Keywords: Dok Hin, Morphometric, Phylogeny, Pseudotrunk, Resurrection plant

Nickel-hyperaccumulating species of Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae) from the Philippines

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn O. Quimado ◽  
Edwino S. Fernando ◽  
Lorele C. Trinidad ◽  
Augustine Doronila
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Content ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Botanical Exploration ◽  
The Status ◽  
Root Tissues

Botanical exploration on ultramafic sites in Palawan, Surigao and Zambales has resulted in the discovery of a new hypernickelophore species (nickel (Ni) concentration >1%) of Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae). This paper reports in detail the Ni uptake of populations of P. erythrotrichus in Candelaria, Masinloc and Santa Cruz, Zambales, and confirms the status of P. securinegoides in Taganito, Surigao del Norte, which had been analysed only through herbarium specimens, and these were compared with a known hypernickelophore, P. balgooyi, which was collected in Narra and Puerto Princesa, Palawan. Nickel content of the dried leaves, stems and root tissues was quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. P. erythrotrichus and P. securinegoides both had more than 10 000 µg g–1 Ni in the leaves, whereas the roots had 1195 µg g–1 and 4636 µg g–1. P. balgooyi accumulated 6319 µg g–1 of Ni in the leaves, whereas the roots had a higher Ni concentration of up to 8116 µg g–1, respectively. All three species had values of translocation factor and enrichment factor of >1.0, implying that all species have great potential in phytoremediation, specifically, phytoextraction of Ni. These three species of Phyllanthus are prominent in ultramafic scrub communities and, hence, should be used in ecological restoration of mined-out Ni lateritic areas. The implications of the unique adaptation of these species are also discussed in relation to a conservation strategy for their natural populations.

Acacia glauca (wild dividivi).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Pasiecznik
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
West Indian ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
Southern Central ◽  
Shrubby Species

Abstract A shrubby species (to 5 m tall) from tropical America, where it is common in parts of southern Central America and on many West Indian Islands, in particular on Curacao and Barbados. Since its introduction in the 1920s, it has become naturalized in the Philippines and Indonesia. Its habit is similar to shrubby forms of Leucaena leucocephala (the two species are sometimes confused, but the twigs of A. glauca are more reddish and its pods shorter and more rounded).

Chamaepinnularia thermophila (Bacillariophyceae): synonymy with Navicula tongatensis Hustedt and update of its geographic distribution and ecology

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Grazia Lai ◽  
Luc Ector ◽  
Bachisio Mario Padedda ◽  
Antonella Lugliè ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Wetzel
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Hot Spring ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
First Record ◽  
Original Material ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
Fine Sediments ◽  
Distribution And Ecology

Abstract Chamaepinnularia thermophila is a small and poorly known diatom species. After the first description from a hot spring in Guadalupe in 1952, its presence appeared to be limited to a few other springs of the French Antilles. The objective of this study is to report new information on aspects of taxonomy, distribution and ecology of this species. Accurate analysis under light and scanning electron microscope of the material collected on different substrates (cobbles, macrophytes and fine sediments) from a thermo-mineral spring of Sardinia (Italy) allowed us to document the first record of the species in the Mediterranean area. Furthermore, the comparison with Navicula tongatensis from Hustedt's original material, carried out because of their similarity, revealed identical morphological characteristics suggesting their consequent synonymy. Based on the information available in the literature and our data, C. thermophila is a rare species present mainly in tropical areas, in thermal springs with alkaline pH, medium to high conductivity and low to moderate nutrient content. The occurrence of the species at sites with very different environmental characteristics seems unusual, but it could indicate a broader ecological range. This study contributes to the standardization of the nomenclature used for this species so far and provides the first framework on its global geographic distribution and ecology.

Rediscovery of Furipterus horrens (Chiroptera: Furipteridae) in Costa Rica

Mammalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henry Alfaro-Lara ◽  
David Villalobos-Chaves ◽  
José Ivan Castillo-Gómez ◽  
Alfredo F. Zuñiga-Montero ◽  
Willy Pineda-Lizano
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Morphological Characteristics

Abstract Furipterus horrens is a small insectivorous bat with distinct clawless tiny thumbs, and with a patchy geographic distribution in the Neotropics. We report the rediscovery of F. horrens in Costa Rica 44 years after it was first recorded. A colony of 100–130 individuals, each one with the distinctive external and morphological characteristics of the species, was found roosting in the lower parts of the floor of bungalows located in the Sarapiquí area. The rediscovery of this species validates the protection of several rainforest fragments through ecotourism, a modern way to balance human development and biodiversity conservation.

scholarly journals You Will Never Walk Alone: Codispersal of JC Polyomavirus with Human Populations

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Forni ◽  
Rachele Cagliani ◽  
Mario Clerici ◽  
Uberto Pozzoli ◽  
Manuela Sironi
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Jc Polyomavirus ◽  
Reconciliation Analysis

Abstract JC polyomavirus (JCPyV) is one of the most prevalent human viruses. Findings based on the geographic distribution of viral subtypes suggested that JCPyV codiverged with human populations. This view was however challenged by data reporting a much more recent origin and expansion of JCPyV. We collected information on ∼1,100 worldwide strains and we show that their geographic distribution roughly corresponds to major human migratory routes. Bayesian phylogeographic analysis inferred a Subsaharan origin for JCPyV, although with low posterior probability. High confidence inference at internal nodes provided strong support for a long-standing association between the virus and human populations. In line with these data, pairwise FST values for JCPyV and human mtDNA sampled from the same areas showed a positive and significant correlation. Likewise, very strong relationships were found when node ages in the JCPyV phylogeny were correlated with human population genetic distances (nuclear-marker based FST). Reconciliation analysis detected a significant cophylogenetic signal for the human population and JCPyV trees. Notably, JCPyV also traced some relatively recent migration events such as the expansion of people from the Philippines/Taiwan area into Remote Oceania, the gene flow between North-Eastern Siberian and Ainus, and the Koryak contribution to Circum-Arctic Americans. Finally, different molecular dating approaches dated the origin of JCPyV in a time frame that precedes human out-of-Africa migration. Thus, JCPyV infected early human populations and accompanied our species during worldwide dispersal. JCPyV typing can provide reliable geographic information and the virus most likely adapted to the genetic background of human populations.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Geographic Distribution of Genetically Distinct Rabies Viruses in the Philippines

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. e2144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariko Saito ◽  
Hitoshi Oshitani ◽  
Jun Ryan C. Orbina ◽  
Kentaro Tohma ◽  
Alice S. de Guzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
The Philippines
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