Nickel-hyperaccumulating species of Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae) from the Philippines

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn O. Quimado ◽  
Edwino S. Fernando ◽  
Lorele C. Trinidad ◽  
Augustine Doronila
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Content ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Translocation Factor ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Botanical Exploration ◽  
The Status ◽  
Root Tissues

Botanical exploration on ultramafic sites in Palawan, Surigao and Zambales has resulted in the discovery of a new hypernickelophore species (nickel (Ni) concentration >1%) of Phyllanthus (Phyllanthaceae). This paper reports in detail the Ni uptake of populations of P. erythrotrichus in Candelaria, Masinloc and Santa Cruz, Zambales, and confirms the status of P. securinegoides in Taganito, Surigao del Norte, which had been analysed only through herbarium specimens, and these were compared with a known hypernickelophore, P. balgooyi, which was collected in Narra and Puerto Princesa, Palawan. Nickel content of the dried leaves, stems and root tissues was quantified using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. P. erythrotrichus and P. securinegoides both had more than 10 000 µg g–1 Ni in the leaves, whereas the roots had 1195 µg g–1 and 4636 µg g–1. P. balgooyi accumulated 6319 µg g–1 of Ni in the leaves, whereas the roots had a higher Ni concentration of up to 8116 µg g–1, respectively. All three species had values of translocation factor and enrichment factor of >1.0, implying that all species have great potential in phytoremediation, specifically, phytoextraction of Ni. These three species of Phyllanthus are prominent in ultramafic scrub communities and, hence, should be used in ecological restoration of mined-out Ni lateritic areas. The implications of the unique adaptation of these species are also discussed in relation to a conservation strategy for their natural populations.

scholarly journals Postembryonic development of the Tri-spine Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus tridentatus (Merostomata: Xiphosura) in a nursery habitat in the Philippines

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 12916-12932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorkas Kaiser ◽  
Sabine Schoppe
Keyword(s):  
Horseshoe Crab ◽  
Stock Assessment ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Nursery Habitat ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Tachypleus Tridentatus ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Tropics

Populations of the Tri-spine Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus tridentatus have dramatically decreased over their distribution range and conservation efforts are now crucial.  The implementation of appropriate management strategies and stock assessment rely on accurate growth-rate estimates.  The postembryonic development of the species in the tropics, however, is not elucidated.  To provide the information needed to assess the demographics of juvenile populations and to judge the status of T. tridentatus in the Philippines, we conducted a mark-recapture experiment in a nursery habitat on Palawan Island.  The results obtained during the 10-month period provide the first consecutive data on the stepwise growth of the species in the Philippines and the first near comprehensive dataset collected within a single population of juveniles in the tropics.  By analyzing size-frequency (prosomal width) distributions of 853 individuals and by using 94 juveniles that molted during the study, 13 molt stages were differentiated.  Based on the intermolt periods of six instars, we estimated the growth curve of T. tridentatus following two models (non-linear and power function).  The data support the assumption that growth continues year-round in the tropics and also indicate that the average age of mature male and female T. tridentatus in the Philippines ranges from three to four years.  The agreement with a field study in Japan suggests that 14 postembryonic stages may be characteristic for the development of natural populations throughout the range of the species.  Though more data are needed to validate these results, the study provides a sound baseline for future studies in the tropics.

scholarly journals Possibly lost orchid treasure of Bangladesh and their enumeration with conservation status

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-84
Author(s):  
ME Rashid ◽  
MA Rahman ◽  
MK Huda
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Management ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Term Field

The study aimed at determining the status of occurrence of the orchid treasure of Bangladesh for providing data for Planning National Conservation Strategy and Development of Conservation Management. 54 orchid species are assessed to be presumably lost from the flora of Bangladesh due to environmental degradation and ecosystem depletion. The assessment of their status of occurrence was made based on long term field investigation, collection and identification of orchid taxa; examination and identification of herbarium specimens preserved at CAL, E, K, DACB, DUSH, BFRIH,BCSIRH, HCU; and survey of relevant upto date floristic literature. These species had been recorded from the present Bangladesh territory for more than 50 to 100 years ago, since then no further report of occurrence or collection from elsewhere in Bangladesh is available and could not be located to their recorded localities through field investigations. Of these, 29 species were epiphytic in nature and 25 terrestrial. More than 41% of these taxa are economically very important for their potential medicinal and ornamental values. Enumeration of these orchid taxa is provided with updated nomenclature, bangla name(s) and short annotation with data on habitats, phenology, potential values, recorded locality, global distribution conservation status and list of specimens available in different herbaria.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2017, 3(1): 65-84

Systematics of Hymenophyllum subgenus Mecodium (Hymenophyllaceae) in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 753-767
Author(s):  
Tian-Chuan Hsu ◽  
Yu-Fang Huang ◽  
Yi-Shan Chao
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Common Element ◽  
Morphological Investigation ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
The Status ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Independent Species

Abstract—Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium, composed of the taxonomically notorious H. polyanthos and approximately 15 other closely related taxa, is a common element of filmy fern communities in the tropical and subtropical moist forests. In Taiwan, although only H. polyanthos and one or two closely related taxa were recognized in recent studies, considerable morphological variation has been observed among populations throughout the island. Thus, we conducted an extensive morphological investigation, as well as a molecular phylogenetic analysis, to clarify the specific diversity and phylogenetic relationships within Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium in Taiwan. Field and herbaria surveys helped in recognizing five morphs in Taiwan, mainly differentiated by the combination of certain traits, viz., the presence or absence of stipe wings, general frond size and shape, degree of laminar crispation, sori position, and involucre shape. The different morphs had diverse ecological preferences. The phylogenetic tree, inferred from the sequences of the plastid loci rbcL and rps4-trnS, demonstrated that Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium materials in Taiwan comprise several well-supported lineages, mostly corresponding to the classification based on morphology. Comparing with the protologues and type specimens of 34 related scientific names, the five morphs are herein recognized as five independent species. A new species, Hymenophyllum exquisitum, is described here. Also, the status of H. paniculiflorum is reconfirmed and that of H. fujisanense, H. parallelocarpum, and H. punctisorum reinstated. Only H. exquisitum and H. parallelocarpum are endemic to Taiwan among all the species studied. In addition, the names Hymenophyllum blumeanum, H. integrum, H. microsorum, H. polyanthos, H. tenellum, and H. wrightii are now excluded from the regional flora, and several related taxa from China, Taiwan, and the Philippines are treated as synonyms. This study unravels the deep phylogenetic relationships within Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium in Taiwan and Eastern Asia.

Genetic characterization of novel polymorphic microsatellite markers for Epilobium nankotaizanense (Onagraceae), an endemic and threatened herb in Taiwan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yu-Wei Tseng ◽  
Chi-Chun Huang ◽  
Chih-Chiang Wang ◽  
Chiuan-Yu Li ◽  
Kuo-Hsiang Hung
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
The Family ◽  
Conservation Genetic ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite

Abstract Epilobium belongs to the family Onagraceae, which consists of approximately 200 species distributed worldwide, and some species have been used as medicinal plants. Epilobium nankotaizanense is an endemic and endangered herb that grows in the high mountains in Taiwan at an elevation of more than 3300 m. Alpine herbs are severely threatened by climate change, which leads to a reduction in their habitats and population sizes. However, only a few studies have addressed genetic diversity and population genetics. In the present study, we developed a new set of microsatellite markers for E. nankotaizanense using high-throughput genome sequencing data. Twenty polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed and tested on 30 individuals collected from three natural populations. These loci were successfully amplified, and polymorphisms were observed in E. nankotaizanense. The number of alleles per locus (A) ranged from 2.000 to 3.000, and the observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosities ranged from 0.000 to 0.929 and from 0.034 to 0.631, respectively. The developed polymorphic microsatellite markers will be useful in future conservation genetic studies of E. nankotaizanense as well as for developing an effective conservation strategy for this species and facilitating germplasm collections and sustainable utilization of other Epilobium species.

Begonia balangcodiae sp. nov. from northern Luzon, the Philippines and its natural hybrid with B. crispipila, B. × kapangan nothosp. nov.

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 407 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHIH-HUI LIU ◽  
YU-HSIN TSENG ◽  
DIAITI ZURE ◽  
ROSARIO RIVERA RUBITE ◽  
TEODORA D. BALANGCOD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Field Survey ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Natural Hybrid ◽  
Paternal Genome ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
Maternal Genome

The pantropically distributed Begonia (Begoniaceae) is one of the most species-rich genera. Philippines is one of the diversity centers of Southeast Asian Begonia. In our 2012 field survey, three species of Begonia section Petermannia were collected in Barangay Sagubo, Municipality of Kapangan, Province of Benguet in the northern Luzon Island, Philippines. Our study on literatures and herbarium specimens suggests that these collections consist of B. crispipila, an unknown new species hereby we named B. balangcodiae, and the natural hybrid between them. Molecular analyses confirm that the former contributed the maternal genome while the latter provided the paternal genome. We name the natural hybrid B. × kapangan, which is the first natural hybrid reported in sect. Petermannia.

scholarly journals Population status of Heritiera fomes Buch.-Ham., a threatened species from Mahanadi Mangrove Wetland, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 19791-19798
Author(s):  
Sudam Charan Sahu ◽  
Manas Ranjan Mohanta ◽  
N.H. Ravindranath
Keyword(s):  
Natural Populations ◽  
P Value ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Mangrove Species ◽  
Sea Levels ◽  
Excoecaria Agallocha ◽  
Mangrove Wetland ◽  
Heritiera Fomes ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rising Sea Levels

Heritiera fomes Buch.-Ham. is assessed as an endangered mangrove species by IUCN, and information on population status is lacking. The present study assesses the status of H. fomes in Mahanadi Mangrove Wetland on the east coast of India. Three forest blocks were selected and sampled for this study. Among these, the mean girth at breast height (GBH) of H. fomes was the highest in Hetamundia (HD) forest block. GBH of H. fomes was inversely proportional to the cumulative disturbance index (R2= 0.7244, p value <0.005). The relative density was maximum for H. fomes (56%) at Bhitarkharnasi (BK), and for Excoecaria agallocha at Hetamundia (HD; 35%) & Kansaridia (KD; 54%), respectively. Excoecaria agallocha is a dominant species possibly impacting natural populations of H. fomes. Climate change and rising sea levels may also negatively affect the existence of this species. Therefore, appropriate strategies should be taken for conservation of this globally threatened mangrove species prior to its extinction.

scholarly journals Indigenous vascular plants of the Soutpansberg, South Africa

Bothalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Hahn
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Conservation Planning ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Mountain Range ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
The Status ◽  
Herbarium Collections

Background: The first checklist for the Soutpansberg was published in 1946, and the second list was compiled by the author in 2006 as part of his doctoral thesis. Currently, there is a need for an updated account of the biodiversity of the Soutpansberg Centre of Endemism and Diversity for conservation planning in the Vhembe Biosphere Reserve, within which the Soutpansberg is the principle geomorphological feature.Objectives: To present an updated list of vascular plants recorded for the Soutpansberg.Method: The list was compiled from various sources including literature reviews, herbarium specimens, herbarium databases and personal observations.Results: This article presents the most geographically accurate and taxonomically updated list of the indigenous vascular flora of the Soutpansberg, the northernmost mountain range of South Africa. Altogether 2443 taxa are recorded belonging to 922 genera in 187 families and 64 orders.Conclusion: The list presented in this article confirms the status of the Soutpansberg as a centre of floristic diversity in southern Africa. Notable is the higher-order diversity of the flora. It is likely that both future surveys and reviews of herbarium collections will add new taxa to the current total.

scholarly journals Species Composition of Algal Epiphyton of Pink Lotus (Nymphaea pubescens Willd) Found in Laguna de Bay (Philippines)

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-256
Author(s):  
Eldrin De Los Reyes ARGUELLES
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Freshwater Ecosystems ◽  
Taxonomic Study ◽  
Habitat Distribution ◽  
Epiphytic Algae ◽  
Freshwater Habitats ◽  
Laguna De Bay ◽  
Root Tissues ◽  
First Time

In spite of the fact that epiphytic algae are considered an important component of freshwater ecosystems, our knowledge of their diversity and distribution is still rather poor. Taxonomic study on the composition of epiphytic algae living on submerged leaf and root tissues of macrophyte Nymphaea pubescens Willd, found at Laguna de Bay (Philippines), was conducted. In total, 21 algal taxa were identified: 10 Cyanophyceae, 6 Trebouxiophyceae, and 5 Bacillariophyceae. The taxa described in this study represent 13 orders, 16 families, 18 genera, and 21 species based on the recent combined taxonomical approach. Of these taxa, the occurrence of a rare cyanobacteria, Chroococcus schizodermaticus West, is reported for the first time in the Philippines. One species is also reported here for the first time in the Philippines, based on current taxonomic nomenclature, and this is Cyanothece aeruginosa (Nägeli) Komárek, which is based on the former name of Synechococcus aeruginosus Nägeli. These taxonomic records are considered important basal information in enriching the knowledge about the diversity and habitat distribution of cyanobacteria and microalgae in macrophytes found in freshwater habitats in the Philippines.

Turleania rubriguttatus, a new species of pagurid hermit crab (Decapoda: Anomura: Paguroidea) from shallow water in Japan, with notes on T. senticosa (McLaughlin & Haig, 1996)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4834 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-106
Author(s):  
TOMOYUKI KOMAI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Hermit Crab ◽  
Dorsal Surface ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
The Status ◽  
Shallow Subtidal ◽  
The Right ◽  
Kochi Prefecture ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the pagurid hermit crab genus Turleania McLaughlin, 1997, T. rubriguttatus, is described on the basis of two specimens, including one male and one female, from shallow subtidal waters in Kochi Prefecture, Japan. The new species appears close to T. albatrossae (McLaughlin & Haig, 1996), known from the Philippines, but the proximally unarmed dorsal surface of the right chela palm and the lack of a dorsomesial row of spines on the left cheliped carpus easily distinguish T. rubriguttatus n. sp. from T. albatrossae. Examination of the type material of T. similis Komai, 1999 and T. spinimanus Komai, 1999, and supplemental material from Japan, confirms that the two taxa are synonymous with T. senticosa (McLaughlin & Haig, 1996), as was suggested by previous authors. Re-examination clarified that in T. senticosa the maxilliped 3 has no developed arthrobranchs, and this led the author to assess the status of T. sinensis Han, Sha & An, 2016, which is also synonymised with T. senticosa. 

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