FOOT ROT OF WALLFLOWER CAUSED BY PHYTOPHTHORA MEGASPERMA

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-533
Author(s):  
Walter Jones
Keyword(s):  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Phytophthora Megasperma ◽  
Cheiranthus Cheiri ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Development Of Organs

A previously unreported foot rot disease of wallflower, Cheiranthus cheiri, caused by the fungus Phytophthora megasperma, was found in Saanichton, B.C., in 1953. The optimum temperature for growth of the fungus is 20° to 25 °C, the maximum approximately 31 °C, and the minimum below 5 °C. Sporangia develop at all temperatures between 5° and 20 °C, but the optimum temperature for their development is approximately 14 °C, whereas the optimum temperature for the development of organs of fusion is approximately 20 °C. The fungus proved to be pathogenic to wallflower plants only under wet soil conditions, hence it is considered that good soil drainage is an important factor in the control of the disease.

scholarly journals Influence of soil fertility on waterlogging tolerance of two Brachiaria grasses

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan De la Cruz Jiménez ◽  
Juan Andrés Cardoso ◽  
David Arango-Londoño ◽  
Gerhard Fischer ◽  
Idupulapati Rao
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Drainage ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Waterlogged Soil ◽  
Fe And Mn ◽  
The Tropics

As a consequence of global warming, rainfall is expected to increase in several regions around the world. This, together with poor soil drainage, will result in waterlogged soil conditions. <em>Brachiaria</em> grasses are widely sown in the tropics and, these grasses confront seasonal waterlogged conditions. Several studies have indicated that an increase in nutrient availability could reduce the negative impact of waterlogging. Therefore, an outdoor study was conducted to evaluate the responses of two <em>Brachiaria</em> sp. grasses with contrasting tolerances to waterlogging, <em>B. ruziziensis </em>(sensitive) and <em>B. humidicola</em> (tolerant), with two soil fertility levels. The genotypes were grown with two different soil fertilization levels (high and low) and under well-drained or waterlogged soil conditions for 15 days. The biomass production, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic efficiency, and macro- (N, P, K, Ca, Mg and S) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B) contents in the shoot tissue were determined. Significant differences in the nutrient content of the genotypes and treatments were found. An increase of redoximorphic elements (Fe and Mn) in the soil solution occurred with the waterlogging. The greater tolerance of <em>B. humidicola</em> to waterlogged conditions might be due to an efficient root system that is able to acquire nutrients (N, P, K) and potentially exclude phytotoxic elements (Fe and Mn) under waterlogged conditions.  A high nutrient availability in the waterlogged soils did not result in an improved tolerance for <em>B. ruziziensis</em>. The greater growth impairment seen in the <em>B. ruziziensis</em> with high soil fertility and waterlogging (as opposed to low soil fertility and waterlogging) was possibly due to an increased concentration of redoximorphic elements under these conditions.

Foot rot disease of sweet potato in Japan caused by Diaporthe destruens: first report, pathogenicity and taxonomy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ai Maeda ◽  
Ayaka Minoshima ◽  
Shinji Kawano ◽  
Misa Nakamura ◽  
Tetsuya Takushi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
First Report ◽  
Rot Disease

scholarly journals Quantifying Citrus Tree Health Using True Color UAV Images

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca N. Garza ◽  
Veronica Ancona ◽  
Juan Enciso ◽  
Humberto L. Perotto-Baldivieso ◽  
Madhurababu Kunta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Citrus Tree ◽  
Tree Health ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Uav Images ◽  
True Color ◽  
Leaf Greenness

Huanglongbing (HLB) and Phytophthora foot and root rot are diseases that affect citrus production and profitability. The symptoms and physiological changes associated with these diseases are diagnosed through expensive and time-consuming field measurements. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) using red/green/blue (RGB, true color) imaging, may be an economic alternative to diagnose diseases. A methodology using a UAV with a RGB camera was developed to assess citrus health. The UAV was flown in April 2018 on a grapefruit field infected with HLB and foot rot. Ten trees were selected for each of the following disease classifications: (HLB-, foot rot–), (HLB+, foot rot–), (HLB-, foot rot+) (HLB+, foot rot+). Triangular greenness index (TGI) images were correlated with field measurements such as tree nutritional status, leaf area, SPAD (leaf greenness), foot rot disease severity and HLB. It was found that 61% of the TGI differences could be explained by Na, Fe, foot rot, Ca, and K. This study shows that diseased citrus trees can be monitored using UAVs equipped with RGB cameras, and that TGI can be used to explain subtle differences in tree health caused by multiple diseases.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Foot Rot Disease of Rice Using Fermented Products of Compost and Vermicompost

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Manandhar ◽  
KD Yami
Keyword(s):  
Field Trial ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Compost Tea ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
Vermicompost Tea

Field trial experiment was conducted at the premise of Nepal Academy of Science and Technology during rainy season (April-June) in 2004 under the rainfed condition. In this study, four types of compost tea: aerated vermicompost tea (ACTV), non aerated vermicompost tea (NCTV), aerated compost tea (ACTC) and non aerated compost tea (NCTV) was prepared and investigated for the suppression of Foot rot disease of Rice caused by Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon - Gibberella fujikuroi. The result was compared with carbendazium (2.5 g per kg dry seeds) treatment and water check. And data was analyzed using one way ANOVA. Among these four compost tea, ACTV showed statistically significant maximum control (25.6% increment of healthy seedlings), followed by ACTC (22.4% increment of healthy seedlings). Least effect was obtained by NCTC (13.6% increment of healthy seedlings). It was observed that 18% of collected Khumal-4 variety rice was infected with Fusarium monoliforme as revealed by Standard Moist Blotter Technique. In concurrence with field trial experiment, treatment of the rice seeds in the Standard Blotter Technique with compost tea revealed highest efficiency of ACTV in reducing the number of affected seeds (12% reduction in affected seeds) followed by ACTC (10% reduction) and NCTV (8% reduction). NCTC were found to be least effective (6% reduction) among the four types of compost tea. Application of compost tea also increases the percentage of germination of seeds, with maximum effect obtained by ACTV (98%). Keywords: Compost tea; Vermicompost tea; Foot rot; Fusarium moniliforme.   DOI: 10.3126/sw.v6i6.2634 Scientific World, Vol. 6, No. 6, July 2008 52-57

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