Comparing methods of preservation for cultures of entomopathogenic fungi

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (10) ◽  
pp. 1126-1130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia C López Lastra ◽  
Ann E Hajek ◽  
Richard A Humber
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Silica Gel ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Paecilomyces Fumosoroseus ◽  
Culture Viability ◽  
Leptolegnia Chapmanii ◽  
And Storage

Nine species of entomopathogenic fungi were tested for viability after they had been stored with deionized water, mineral oil, or silica gel or frozen at –20 or –80°C. Species tested included members of the Hyphomycetes, Entomophthorales, Trichomycetes, and Oomycetes. The fungal cultures were maintained up to 1.5 years and were checked at 3, 6, 12, and 18 months. For all species evaluated, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus demonstrated the best results, surviving through 18 months when stored with water or mineral oil and when frozen at –80°C. For the majority of other fungal species tested, except the trichomycete Smittium culisetae and oomycete Leptolegnia chapmanii, freezing at –80°C was the best storage method and storage with silica gel was the worst. In addition to culture viability, infectivity against Aedes aegypti larvae was evaluated after 18 months of storage for L. chapmanii and S. culisetae. The simplest and least expensive methods, using water or mineral oil, were the only successful methods for maintaining viability and infectivity of L. chapmanii and S. culisetae.Key words: entomopathogenic fungi, preservation, storage, viability.

scholarly journals Eggs viability of Aedes aegypti Linnaeus (Diptera, Culicidae) under different environmental and storage conditions in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. C. Soares-Pinheiro ◽  
W. Dasso-Pinheiro ◽  
J. M. Trindade-Bezerra ◽  
W. P. Tadei
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Egg Hatching ◽  
Plastic Bag ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Storage Type ◽  
Hatching Rates

Abstract The viability of Aedes aegypti eggs was assessed in the Amazon region. The eggs were maintained under different conditions: indoors (insectarium) and outdoors (natural environment), as well as in different storage types (plastic cup, paper envelope, plastic bag) for different days. Egg viability was measured as the mean of hatchings observed from egg-bearing sheets of filter paper immersed in water, using three sheets randomly selected from each storage type and at both sites. There were significant differences in the viability of Ae. aegypti eggs with respect to the location (F=30.40; DF=1; P<0.0001), storage type (F=17.66; DF=2; P<0.0001), and time of storage (F=49.56; DF=9; P<0.0001). The interaction between storage site versus storage type was also significant (F=15.96; DF=2; P<0.0001). A higher hatching mean was observed for the eggs kept in the insectarium than for those outdoors (32.38 versus 7.46). Hatching rates of egg batches stored for 12 to 61 days ranged between 84 and 90%. A reduction was observed between 89 and 118 days, with values of 63 and 48%, respectively. With respect to type of storage, mean egg hatching was higher for the eggs in plastic cups (44.46). It was concluded that the viability of the eggs of Ae. aegypti in the Amazon region remains high up to 4 months, after which it declines drastically, although in this study hatching occurred for up to 8 months in very low percentages.

scholarly journals Impact of short-term temperature challenges on the larvicidal activities of the entomopathogenic watermold Leptolegnia chapmanii against Aedes aegypti, and development on infected dead larvae

2018 ◽  
Vol 122 (6) ◽  
pp. 430-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elen R. Muniz ◽  
Alaine M.L. Catão ◽  
Manuel E. Rueda-Páramo ◽  
Juscelino Rodrigues ◽  
Claudia C. López Lastra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Leptolegnia Chapmanii ◽  
Larvicidal Activities

Mass multiplication of Metarhizium anisopliae on different media

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Ankush Taliyan ◽  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Rajendra Singh ◽  
Rohit Rana ◽  
Shekhar Rana
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mass Production ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Mass Multiplication

Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae are fungal species that is the frequently occurring and destructive pest management to the pathogenic soil and insects. The effect of different substrates for the mass production of Metarhizium anisopliae spore/ml was significantly higher recorded The results revealed that all the treatments were significantly producing spore per ml and thus increasing the yield significantly as compared to other substrates. The results revealed that all the treatments were significantly higher effective in producing spore/ml as compared to other substrates overall finding showed that substrate tested, for Metarhizium anisopliae spore/ml production was significantly higher recorded 240.53 and 195.26 spore/ml were recorded on substrate irrespective of the temperature.

A simple method for the detection of Leptolegnia chapmanii from infected Aedes aegypti larvae

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 425-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renan N. Leles ◽  
Cláudia C. López Lastra ◽  
Juan J. García ◽  
Éverton K.K. Fernandes ◽  
Christian Luz
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Water Film ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
Leptolegnia Chapmanii

Significant progress in developing Leptolegnia chapmanii as a biological control agent against mosquitoes will be accelerated by improved and simpler methods to detect and to isolate this virulent and rapidly lethal watermold from field-collected mosquito larvae. To date, however, this oomycete has remained understudied and little used. This study presents a simplified method to detect Leptolegnia in infected Aedes aegypti larvae. The development of L. chapmanii inside mosquitoes is easily monitored when pathogen-treated larvae are quasi-immobilized for an initial 48 h in the water film on plates of water agar amended with antibiotic (chloramphenicol, 0.5–1 g/L) and fungicide (thiabendazole, 4–8 g/L) and then transferred to a larger volume of water for an additional 48 h. Surprisingly, chloramphenicol stimulated oosporogenesis by L. chapmanii. The method permits processing of large numbers of A. aegypti and other culicid larvae and is useful for both obtaining new strains and also monitoring the efficacy of L. chapmanii during field tests.

scholarly journals Biological insect control using Metarhizium anisopliae: morphological, molecular, and ecological aspects

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Vieira Tiago ◽  
Neiva Tinti de Oliveira ◽  
Elza Áurea de Luna Alves Lima
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Microbial Control ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Insect Control ◽  
Pest Population ◽  
Ecological Aspects ◽  
Population Structures ◽  
Biological Insect Control

Microbial control of insects is based on the rational use of pathogens to maintain environmentally balanced pest population levels, and Metarhizium anisopliae has been the most studied and most utilized fungal species for that purpose. The natural genetic variability of entomopathogenic fungi is considered one of the principal advantages of microbial insect control. The inter- and intraspecific variability and the genetic diversity and population structures of Metarhizium and other entomopathogenic fungi have been examined using ITS-RFLP, ISSR, and ISSP molecular markers. The persistence of M. anisopliae in the soil and its possible effects on the structures of resident microbial communities must be considered when selecting isolates for biological insect control.

Control of Main Stored-Grain Insects with New Formulations of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Diatomaceous Earth Dusts

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yacoub Ahmad Batta
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Diatomaceous Earth ◽  
Sitophilus Oryzae ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Rhyzopertha Dominica ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
High Loss ◽  
Mortality Percentage ◽  
Stored Grain Insects

The present research is aimed at a formulation of the entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bal.) Vuillemin and Metarhizium anisopliae (Metch.) Sorokin, in two types of diatomaceous earth dusts, fossil shield and Silico-Sec, are then applied against the adults of three species of stored-grain insects: Sitophilus oryzae L., Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. and Tribolium castaneum Herbs. Effect of the treatment was assessed by comparing the mortality percentage of the adults of the three insect species exposed to the formulated fungi with that of the adults exposed to the unformulated fungi or the diatomaceous earth dusts or the undisturbed control. Results obtained from these exposures have indicated that treatment of the adults with the formulated fungi resulted in a significantly higher mean mortality percentage compared to the treatment with the unformulated fungi or the diatomaceous earth dusts or the undisturbed control. A synergistic interaction between the effect of fungal species and the diatomaceous earth dusts was shown. Viability of conidia of both fungal species in diatomaceous earth dusts was assessed by calculating the germination percentage of the conidia over time. Results indicated a small loss of mean germination percentage for formulated conidia of both fungal species versus a high loss of mean germination percentage for the unformulated conidia, thus the diatomaceous earth dusts used in the formulation of both fungi demonstrated a negligible effect on the viability of formulated conidia compared to the unformulated.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Methods for Storage of Marine Macroorganisms with Optimal Recovery of Bacteria

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 5912-5915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathrin Siebert ◽  
Martina Busl ◽  
Irina Asmus ◽  
Josef Freund ◽  
Albrecht Muscholl-Silberhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Optimal Recovery ◽  
The Other ◽  
Marine Microorganisms ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
Sintered Glass ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Evaluation Of Methods

ABSTRACT Marine macroorganisms are a potential source for new bioactive substances. In many cases marine microorganisms—especially bacteria—associated with these macroorganisms are actually producing the bioactive substances. One often is not able to immediately isolate microorganisms from collected macroorganismic materials; we therefore evaluated different methods for storage of such material, e.g., on board research vessels. These methods were the following: storage of macerates in sintered glass beads and 5% trehalose at −20°C (SGT method); storage of sections in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide at −70°C (SD method); storage of macerates at −20°C using the commercial ROTI-STORE system (RS method); storage of macerates at −20°C in 50% glycerol (GC method); and storage of macerates covered by mineral oil at 4°C (MO method). The SGT and SD methods resulted in numbers of and especially diversity of recoverable bacteria that were higher than for the other methods. Data for the RS method indicated its potential usefulness, too. The MO method resulted in growth during storage, thereby enriching a few selected microorganisms; the GC method resulted in a survival and diversity of recovered bacteria that was too low.

Tests of pyrethroid vaporising mats against Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae)

1977 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 667-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Chadwick ◽  
C. J. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Piperonyl Butoxide ◽  
Electric Heater ◽  
Mosquito Coil

AbstractVaporising mats are used to volatilise small amounts of pyrethroid to prevent mosquito nuisance within houses. A small absorbent mat containing pyrethroid is placed on a 5- to 6-W electric heater. The mat surface temperature is about 125°C. Pyrethroid is released for several hours at a slowly diminishing rate. In tests, no evidence of degradation of bioallethrin was obtained. Vapour from mats inhibited biting by female Aedes aegypti (L.) and caused knockdown and kill. A commercial mat containing 88 mg allethrin was as effective as a mosquito coil containing 0·25% allethrin. In laboratory-made mats, 40 mg bioallethrin or 19 mg S-bioallethrin gave equal or better action than allethrin. Additives, such as piperonyl butoxide, mineral oil or antioxidant slightly reduced the rate of emission of pyrethroid and diminished the bite inhibitory and knockdown effects.

scholarly journals Influence of pesticides used potatoes control on the growth of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from potatoes fields

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-73
Author(s):  
Ryszard Miętkiewicz ◽  
Anna Sapiecha
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Paecilomyces Fumosoroseus ◽  
Copper Oxychloride ◽  
Growth Of Fungi

The growth of <em>Metarhizium anisopliae, M.flavoviridae</em> and <em>Paecilomyces fumosoroseus</em> was estimated on Sabouraud's medium to which insecticides and herbicides were added in three doses: A - 10 times higher from recommended field dose, B - as recommended field dose, C - 10 timer lower than recommended. Fungicides were used in B and C doses as well as in dose D - 100 times lower than recomended one. The fungi were obtained from soil under potatoes using <em>Galleria mellonella</em> as bait insect. Chlorothalonil and copper oxychloride were chosen from fungicides, linuron, MCPA, fluazifop-P-butyl and dikwat - from herbicides and deltamethrin, teflubenzuron and fozalon from insecticides. The growth of both species of <em>Metarhizium</em> was stronger inhibited than of <em>Paecilomyces fumosoroseus</em> by fungicides however colonies of <em>Metarhizium</em> always overpassed 50% controls colonies apart from <em>M. flavoviridae</em> on medium with copper oxychloride at concentration B. Herbicide linuron was more toxic to fungi than fungicides. <em>M. anisopliae</em> and <em>M. fluvoviridae</em> did not grow on medium containing dose A and dose B this herbicide but the colonies of <em>P. fumosoroseus</em> at dose B did not overpass 20% of controlled ones. MCPA and fluazifop-P-butyl inhibited fungal colonies in approximated way. On the medium with these herbicides in concentration A fungal colonies were strongly inhibited and the growth of fungi on medium with MCPA at this concentration appeared not before 5 days after inoculation. Dikwat in dose A strongly inhibited the growth of <em>M. anisopliae</em> but in remaining combinations growth of fungal colonies was similar to controlled ones. Fozalon, among insecticides, inhibited the growth of inwestigated fungi strongest. On the medium containing this insecticide in dose A all fungi did not grow, and in dose B colonies of both species of <em>Metarhizium</em> did not overpass 40% of controlled ones. Deltamethrin in dose A and B inhibited the growth of <em>M. anisopliae</em> and <em>M. flavoviridae</em>, but teflubenzuron did not inhibit growth of entomopathogenic fungi at all concentrations.

scholarly journals Daya Tetas Telur Aedes aegypty Strain Japan Yang Disimpan Selama Seminggu Pada Suhu Ekstrem

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
I Gede Wempi Surya Permadi ◽  
Yulian Taviv ◽  
Lasbudi Pertama Ambarita
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Multivariate Test ◽  
The Public ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
And Storage

Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the environmental health problems that several case increasing the number of patients and the wider area of distribution. The spread of dengue is influenced by several factors such as the vector disease, the behavior of people and the environment. In some sub-tropical countries is like  in the winter season , a number of   Aedes albopictus is found the eggs can still hatch at temperatures 0,5◦C. Eggs that will be tested for each treatment amounted to 100 eggs and had been through the process selected.  The research carried in Parasitology and Entomology Labolatories, South Sumatra. The research was conducted from March to December 2014. In a multivariate test showed that the interaction of temperature and storage time affect the hatchability of eggs of Aedes aegypti strain Japan. Humidity and temperature can influence one of the insects are mosquitoes. At a certain temperature and humidity mosquitoes can not do the lifecycle and inhibite the morfology. The conclusion of this research is the cold storage and extreme temperature influence to eggs hacthingof Strain Japan the Aedes aegypti. Suggestions in this research is the public should continue to implement programs 3M plus, due to the Aedes eggs can survive in cold weather.

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