Pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase overexpression in transgenic tobacco: physiological and biochemical analysis of source and sink tissues

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 983-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M Wood ◽  
Steven P King ◽  
Monika M Kuzma ◽  
Stephen D Blakeley ◽  
William Newcomb ◽  
...  

Transgenic Nicotiana tabacum L. (tobacco) plants expressing an unregulated gene for pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP) from the fermentor protist Giardia lamblia were produced. Independently transformed lines revealed a high level of Giardia PFP activity but unaltered activities of native plant PFP, phosphofructokinase, and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. Transgenic plants exhibited a decrease in total biomass but no dramatic physiological or morphological alterations or significant reduction of seed yield. Both source and sink tissues demonstrated altered partitioning: leaf starch was significantly lower at the beginning and end of the daily light period and young seeds had lower starch but higher lipid levels, and these changes were correlated with PFP activity. Transgenic seeds had significantly higher percentages of germination, and microscopic examination of these seeds showed a temporal enhancement in growth of the young embryo. The significance of these results as they relate to our current understanding of PFP is discussed.Key words: pyrophosphate-dependent fructose-6-phosphate 1-phosphotransferase (PFP), transgenic, Nicotiana tabacum, glycolysis, photosynthate partitioning.

Plant Science ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Bellini ◽  
Chiara Giordani ◽  
Elisabetta Lupotto ◽  
Franca Locatelli ◽  
Elena Cuzzoni ◽  
...  

2004 ◽  
Vol 165 (6) ◽  
pp. 949-955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yih‐Shan Lo ◽  
Lin‐June Hsiao ◽  
Wann‐Neng Jane ◽  
Yuh‐Cheng Charng ◽  
Hwa Dai ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
MOCHAMMAD SHOLEH ◽  
DJAJADI DJAJADI

<p>ABSTRACT<br />High Cl content of tobacco might have negative effect on quality. The study tried to find out correlation between added Phonska fertilizer to rice planted before tobacco on tobacco Cl content. The objective was to determine the effect of added Phonska (10.8% Cl) to rice planted before tobacco on tobacco Cl content and quality. The study was carried out in the area of tobacco in five districts of Jombang, East Java Province from May to November 2012. Collecting data was done using survey method to the tobacco farmers and soil and tobacco samples were collecting from 100 points which were distributed in five districts based on land use map. The results showed that the most tobacco farmers (67%) added Phonska to the rice planted before tobacco. Addition of Phonska each year had caused accumulation of Cl in soil with high level &gt;2% (90%). Based on analysis of variance it was known that tobacco Cl content was strongly influenced by Phonska addition to rice planted before tobacco plants (PPP) and soil Cl content, but not influenced by Phonska as starter to tobacco plants (PPT). The corelation was expressed by equation: leaf Cl = 0.4266 x exponential ((0.367 PPP*) - (0.314 PPT) + (0.388 soil Cl*))*.<br />Keywords: Nicotiana tabacum L., quality, Phonska fertilizers, Cl</p><p> </p><p>HUBUNGAN ANTARA PUPUK PHONSKA PADA PADI DAN KADAR Cl TEMBAKAU DI JOMBANG, JAWA TIMUR</p><p>ABSTRAK<br />Tingginya kadar Cl dalam daun tembakau adalah salah satu penyebab rendahnya mutu tembakau. Cl tembakau bisa berasal dari pemupukan seperti Phonska (10,8% Cl) atau dari tanah. Penelitian observasi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan pupuk Phonska (10,8% Cl) pada padi terhadap mutu dan kadar Cl tembakau yang ditanam setelah padi. Kegiatan penelitian dilaksanakan pada areal penghasil tembakau di lima kecamatan Kabupaten Jombang mulai bulan Mei sampai Nopember 2012. Survei pendahuluan untuk penentuan 100 satuan titik lokasi dilakukan secara proporsional yaitu berdasarkan prosentase terhadap luas areal tanaman tembakau dan mewakili bekas lahan padi yang tidak dipupuk dan yang dipupuk Phonska dari lima kecamatan berdasarkan peta penggunaan lahan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode survei, yaitu wawancara petani tembakau tentang penggunaan pupuk phonska pada padi dan tembakau, pengambilan sampel tanah dan daun tembakau. Penilaian mutu/harga tembakau oleh grader pabrik rokok. Sampel tanah dan daun tembakau dianalisis kadar Cl di Laboratorium Mutu Hasil Balai Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis secara deskriptif yaitu klasifikasi berdasarkan persentase kejadian. Untuk  mengetahui hubungan atau pengaruh antar variabel dilakukan analisis regresi menggunakan program SPSS. Dari hasil survei diketahui bahwasebagian besar petani (67%) menggunakan pupuk Phonska untuk tanaman padi sebelum tembakau dan akumulasi Cl tanah tergolong tinggi &gt;2% (90%). Dari hasil analisis sidik ragam diketahui bahwa kadar Cl daun tembakau sangat dipengaruhi oleh pemupukan Phonska pada padi sebelum tanaman tembakau (PPP) dan kadar Cl tanah, tetapi tidak dipengaruhi oleh pemupukan Phonska pada Tembakau (PPT) sebagai starter. Hubungan pemupukan Phonska,  Cl tanah, dan Cl daun tembakau tersebut diekspresikan dengan model persamaan : Cl daun = 0,4266 x exponensial ((0,367 PPP*) – (0,314 PPT) + (0,388 Cl tanah*))*.<br />Kata kunci : Nicotiana tabacum L., mutu, pupuk Phonska, Cl</p>


2016 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1137-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Zhirnov ◽  
E. A. Trifonova ◽  
A. V. Romanova ◽  
E. A. Filipenko ◽  
M. V. Sapotsky ◽  
...  

Genes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Liu ◽  
Tatyana I. Kotova ◽  
Michael P. Timko

Nicotine, the most abundant pyridine alkaloid in cultivated tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), is a potent inhibitor of insect and animal herbivory and a neurostimulator of human brain function. Nicotine biosynthesis is controlled developmentally and can be induced by abiotic and biotic stressors via a jasmonic acid (JA)-mediated signal transduction mechanism involving members of the APETALA 2/ethylene-responsive factor (AP2/ERF) and basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF) families. AP2/ERF and bHLH TFs work combinatorically to control nicotine biosynthesis and its subsequent accumulation in tobacco leaves. Here, we demonstrate that overexpression of the tobacco NtERF32, NtERF221/ORC1, and NtMYC2a TFs leads to significant increases in nicotine accumulation in T2 transgenic K326 tobacco plants before topping. Up to 9-fold higher nicotine production was achieved in transgenics overexpressing NtERF221/ORC1 under the control of a constitutive GmUBI3 gene promoter compared to wild-type plants. The constitutive 2XCaMV35S promoter and a novel JA-inducible 4XGAG promoter were less effective in driving high-level nicotine formation. Methyljasmonic acid (MeJA) treatment further elevated nicotine production in all transgenic lines. Our results show that targeted manipulation of NtERF221/ORC1 is an effective strategy for elevating leaf nicotine levels in commercial tobacco for use in the preparation of reduced risk tobacco products for smoking replacement therapeutics.


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