Necessary Conditions for Singular Extremals Involving Multiple Control Variables

1966 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 716-731 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. S. Goh
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Multiple Control ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Singular Extremals

scholarly journals Prevention of Leptospirosis Infected Vector and Human Population by Multiple Control Variables

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Altaf Khan ◽  
Saeed Islam ◽  
Sher Afzal Khan ◽  
Ilyas Khan ◽  
Sharidan Shafie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Optimal Control Problem ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Human Population ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Multiple Control ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Control Functions

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease that damages the liver and kidneys, found mainly in dogs and farm animals and caused by bacteria. In this paper, we present the optimal control problem applied to a dynamical leptospirosis infected vector and human population by using multiple control variables. First, we show the existence of the control problem and then use analytical and numerical techniques to investigate the existence cost effective control efforts for prevention of indirect and direct transmission of this disease. In order to do this, we consider three control functions two for human and one for vector population. We completely characterize the optimal control problem and compute the numerical solution of the optimality system using an iterative method.

scholarly journals Optimal Campaign in Leptospirosis Epidemic by Multiple Control Variables

2012 ◽  
Vol 03 (11) ◽  
pp. 1655-1663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Altaf Khan ◽  
Gul Zaman ◽  
Saeed Islam ◽  
Muhammad Ikhlaq Chohan
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Control ◽  
Control Variables

Necessary conditions for singular extremals

AIAA Journal ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 1439-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICHARD E. KOPP ◽  
H. GARDNER MOYER
Keyword(s):  
Necessary Conditions ◽  
Singular Extremals

scholarly journals Legendre Cooperative PSO Strategies for Trajectory Optimization

Complexity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Yongji Wang ◽  
Fuqiang Xie ◽  
Jiashi Gao
Keyword(s):  
Trajectory Optimization ◽  
Search Algorithm ◽  
Optimization Technique ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Search Space ◽  
Linear Interpolation ◽  
Multiple Control ◽  
Final Time ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Additional Control

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a population-based stochastic optimization technique in a smooth search space. However, in a category of trajectory optimization problem with arbitrary final time and multiple control variables, the smoothness of variables cannot be satisfied since the linear interpolation is widely used. In the paper, a novel Legendre cooperative PSO (LCPSO) is proposed by introducing Legendre orthogonal polynomials instead of the linear interpolation. An additional control variable is introduced to transcribe the original optimal problem with arbitrary final time to the fixed one. Then, a practical fast one-dimensional interval search algorithm is designed to optimize the additional control variable. Furthermore, to improve the convergence and prevent explosion of the LCPSO, a theorem on how to determine the boundaries of the coefficient of polynomials is given and proven. Finally, in the numeral simulations, compared with the ordinary PSO and other typical intelligent optimization algorithms GA and DE, the proposed LCPSO has traits of lower dimension, faster speed of convergence, and higher accuracy, while providing smoother control variables.

Pengaruh Konvergensi International Financial Reporting Standards (Ifrs) Terhadap Penghindaran Pajak(Tax Avoidance)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-169
Author(s):  
Umi Wahidah ◽  
Sri Ayem
Keyword(s):  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Tax Evasion ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
International Financial Reporting Standards ◽  
Reporting Standards ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Financial Reporting Standards

This research aimed to examine the effect of the convergence of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on tax avoidance on companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. Tax avoidance that used in this research was Cash Efective Tax Rate (CETR). This research is also use the control variable to get other different influence that different such as CSR, size, and earning management (EM. This research used populations sector of transport service companies that listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange. The data of this research taken from secondary data that was from the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the form of Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD) and the annual report of the company 2011-2015. The method of collecting sample was purposive sampling technique, the population that to be sampling in this research was populations that has the criteria of a particular sample. Companies that has the criteria of the research sample as many as 78 companies. The method of analysis used in this research is multiple regression analysis. Based on regression testing shows that the convergence of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) has a positiveand significant impact on tax evasion. This shows that IFRS convergence actually improves tax evasion practices. The control variables of firm size and earnings management also significantly influence the application of IFRS in improving tax avoidance practices, while CSR control variables have no role in convergence IFRS in improving tax evasion practice.

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