When is an Animal Test Certificate required?

2020 ◽  
Vol 186 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-128
Author(s):  
Jean Paul Schmidt ◽  
Claire Stratford
Keyword(s):  
Animal Test

Relevance of Animal Studies in Regulatory Toxicology: Current Approaches and Future Opportunities

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Johannes J.M. van de Sandt ◽  
Victor J. Feron
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Regulatory Toxicology ◽  
Animal Test ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Increasing Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Value

With rapidly increasing knowledge of toxicological processes, the scientific value and relevance of toxicity studies for risk assessment must be re-evaluated. In this paper, it is proposed that the rigid risk evaluation currently required should be replaced by a more flexible, case-by-case approach, in order to increase the relevance of each animal test conducted. The development of new types of toxicity studies and their application in risk evaluation are also described.

Does knowledge of the response rule determine human performance on an animal test of amnesia?

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona J. Bardenhagen ◽  
Stephen C. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Animal Test ◽  
Response Rule

scholarly journals Ketoksikan Akut dari Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Jarak Pagar (Jatropa curcas) pada Mencit Jantan Galur Balb/C

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Hanif Nasiatul Baroroh ◽  
Eka Prasasti Nur Rachmani
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Animal Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Single Dosage ◽  
Histopathology Examination ◽  
Lung And Kidney

The acute toxicity of Jatropa curcas leaves on Balb/C male mice was studied in rats. This research aimed to determine acute toxicity, evaluate spectrum of toxic effect and mechanism that caused the death of animal test after administration of ethanolic extract of J. curcas leaves, single dosage orally on 24 hours observation. The research used male mice, which are divided into 5 groups. Group I was negative control with CMC-Na. Group II, III, IV, and V were given extract with dose of 1400 mg/kgBW, 2240 mg/kgBW, 3584 mg/kgBW and 5734 mg/kgBW, respectively. Evaluation of the toxic symptoms and death of animal test was done for 24 hours. If the animal test was died before 24 hours then it underwent surgery to take the heart, liver, lung, and kidney. In the end of the evaluation, all mice were killed to take the vital organs for histopathologic examination. No mortality was observed during study. The test resulted LD50 of ethanolic extract from J. curcas leaves using Balb/C male mice was 5734 mg/kg of BW. It was categorized as practically not toxic. Administration of the extract did not cause alterations of animal behaviours. Histopathology examination shows inflammation in lung, liver, and kidney after administration of the extract.

Animal Alternatives in Toxicology

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Green
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Animal Test ◽  
Testing Scheme ◽  
End Point ◽  
Physiological Relevance ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Animal Alternatives ◽  
Alternative Test ◽  
Alternative Approaches

Methods using animals have been accepted by toxicologists and other investigators as necessary to provide assurance of safety for environmental agents. The development of alternative approaches to the use of animals focuses on reducing and, in some instances, eliminating the use of animals. It will be easier to develop alternative tests for certain methods in toxicology than for others. The most difficult areas will be those of systemic toxicology, i.e., subchronic and chronic toxicity. There are a number of points that should be considered in the development of alternative tests. Among these are the biological or physiological relevance of the end-point used in the alternative test, where the test fits into a testing scheme, i.e., replacement or as a complement to the animal test, and the necessary quantitative and qualitative validational steps.

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