Approach to issuing animal test certificates for veterinary medicines

2015 ◽  
Vol 176 (16) ◽  
pp. 419-420
Author(s):  
J. Braidwood
Keyword(s):  
Animal Test ◽  
Veterinary Medicines

scholarly journals Comparison of Antimicrobial Treatment Incidence Quantification Based on Detailed Field Data on Animal Level with the Standardized Methodology of the European Medicines Agency in Veal Calves, Switzerland, 2016–2018

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 832
Author(s):  
Jens Becker ◽  
Mireille Meylan
Keyword(s):  
Field Data ◽  
Drug Application ◽  
Drug Level ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Veterinary Medicines ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
Class Level ◽  
Precise Quantification ◽  
Good Agreement

Precise quantification of antimicrobial treatment incidence (TI) is crucial for benchmarking. Two widespread methods for treatment incidence quantification were compared for agreement. Field data were obtained from 38 veal farms from 2016 to 2018 (1905 calves, 1864 treatments). Calculation of TIswiss for calves was based on detailed treatment records using pharmacokinetic values from the Swiss Veterinary Medicines Compendium. The method published by the European Medicines Agency was used to calculate TI in defined daily doses (TIDDD). For each calf and treatment, TIswiss and TIDDD were calculated on level of the antimicrobial class, drug, application route, and farm. The quotient (Q) of TIswiss and TIDDD was calculated. Divergence in results between the two methods of ≤25% was arbitrarily set as good agreement. The agreement between TIswiss and TIDDD was mostly good. On class level, good agreement was observed for treatments representing 71.5% of the TIDDD, and 74.5% of the total TIDDD on drug level. Poor agreement was mainly observed for tylosin and sulfadimidine. The agreement was better for parenteral than for oral treatments (81.6% vs. 72.3%). For practically orientated calculation on farm level, good agreement was observed (77.5% of the TIDDD). The TIDDD method showed mostly good agreement, especially for parenteral treatments.

Survey of pharmacists' awareness of veterinary medicines

2006 ◽  
Vol 158 (7) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. R. Monie ◽  
C. E. Bryant ◽  
B. J. Skelly
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicines

An Adolescent’s Use of Veterinary Medicines: A Case Report Exploring Addiction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Mark Mohan Kaggwa ◽  
Sympson Nuwamanya ◽  
Scholastic Ashaba ◽  
Godfrey Zari Rukundo ◽  
Sheila Harms
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Veterinary Medicines

Relevance of Animal Studies in Regulatory Toxicology: Current Approaches and Future Opportunities

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
Johannes J.M. van de Sandt ◽  
Victor J. Feron
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Risk Evaluation ◽  
Animal Studies ◽  
Regulatory Toxicology ◽  
Animal Test ◽  
Toxicity Studies ◽  
Increasing Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Value

With rapidly increasing knowledge of toxicological processes, the scientific value and relevance of toxicity studies for risk assessment must be re-evaluated. In this paper, it is proposed that the rigid risk evaluation currently required should be replaced by a more flexible, case-by-case approach, in order to increase the relevance of each animal test conducted. The development of new types of toxicity studies and their application in risk evaluation are also described.

Does knowledge of the response rule determine human performance on an animal test of amnesia?

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona J. Bardenhagen ◽  
Stephen C. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
Human Performance ◽  
Animal Test ◽  
Response Rule

scholarly journals Storage of prescription veterinary medicines on UK dairy farms: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 184 (5) ◽  
pp. 153-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwen M Rees ◽  
David C Barrett ◽  
Henry Buller ◽  
Harriet L Mills ◽  
Kristen K Reyher
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
European Medicines Agency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Veterinary Medicines ◽  
Veterinary Profession ◽  
Farmer Decision Making ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Future Work

Prescription veterinary medicine (PVM) use in the UK is an area of increasing focus for the veterinary profession. While many studies measure antimicrobial use on dairy farms, none report the quantity of antimicrobials stored on farms, nor the ways in which they are stored. The majority of PVM treatments occur in the absence of the prescribing veterinarian, yet there is an identifiable knowledge gap surrounding PVM use and farmer decision making. To provide an evidence base for future work on PVM use, data were collected from 27 dairy farms in England and Wales in Autumn 2016. The number of different PVMs stored on farms ranged from 9 to 35, with antimicrobials being the most common therapeutic group stored. Injectable antimicrobials comprised the greatest weight of active ingredient found, while intramammary antimicrobials were the most frequent unit of medicine stored. Antimicrobials classed by the European Medicines Agency as critically important to human health were present on most farms, and the presence of expired medicines and medicines not licensed for use in dairy cattle was also common. The medicine resources available to farmers are likely to influence their treatment decisions; therefore, evidence of the PVM stored on farms can help inform understanding of medicine use.

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