How feeding garden birds has changed the pecking order

2019 ◽  
Vol 184 (23) ◽  
pp. 696-697
Keyword(s):  
Pecking Order ◽  
The Past ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Garden Birds

Bird feeding in gardens has increased over the past 40 years and, as Georgina Mills explains, this has had a huge impact on the diversity of birds visiting UK gardens

scholarly journals Animal Coronavirus Diseases: Parallels with COVID-19 in Humans

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1507
Author(s):  
Chao-Nan Lin ◽  
Kuan Rong Chan ◽  
Eng Eong Ooi ◽  
Ming-Tang Chiou ◽  
Minh Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Organization ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Feline Infectious Peritonitis ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
The Past ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a novel coronavirus in humans, has expanded globally over the past year. COVID-19 remains an important subject of intensive research owing to its huge impact on economic and public health globally. Based on historical archives, the first coronavirus-related disease recorded was possibly animal-related, a case of feline infectious peritonitis described as early as 1912. Despite over a century of documented coronaviruses in animals, the global animal industry still suffers from outbreaks. Knowledge and experience handling animal coronaviruses provide a valuable tool to complement our understanding of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In this review, we present an overview of coronaviruses, clinical signs, COVID-19 in animals, genome organization and recombination, immunopathogenesis, transmission, viral shedding, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. By drawing parallels between COVID-19 in animals and humans, we provide perspectives on the pathophysiological mechanisms by which coronaviruses cause diseases in both animals and humans, providing a critical basis for the development of effective vaccines and therapeutics against these deadly viruses.

11. Humans and mammals: the past and the future

2017 ◽  
pp. 128-138
Author(s):  
T. S. Kemp
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future ◽  
Huge Impact

From the very start of the spread of humans, the world’s mammals have been irreversibly, and mostly detrimentally, affected through direct exploitation for food and for skins to make clothes and shelter. Our domestication of certain mammal species has also had a huge impact on the rest of the world’s mammalian fauna, and indeed on its whole biota. ‘Humans and mammals: the past and the future’ considers how human activity has caused the latest megafaunal extinction and looks at the future crisis facing many mammalian species. A quarter of mammalian species are, today, faced with severe population decreases that may result in extinction. What can be done to conserve them?

scholarly journals Exploring the immunology of parasitism – from surface antigens to the hygiene hypothesis

Parasitology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 1549-1564 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. MAIZELS
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Lymphocyte Subsets ◽  
Cell Recognition ◽  
The Past ◽  
Helminth Infections ◽  
Immune Attack ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Cytokine Networks ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Secreted Antigens

SUMMARYHelminth immunology is a field which has changed beyond recognition in the past 30 years, transformed not only by new technologies from cDNA cloning to flow cytometry, but also conceptually as our definition of host immune pathways has matured. The molecular revolution defined key nematode surface and secreted antigens, and identified candidate immunomodulators that are likely to underpin parasites' success in eluding immune attack. The immunological advances in defining cytokine networks, lymphocyte subsets and innate cell recognition have also made a huge impact on our understanding of helminth infections. Most recently, the ideas of regulatory immune cells, in particular the regulatory T cell, have again overturned older thinking, but also may explain immune hyporesponsiveness observed in chronic helminth diseases, as well as the link to reduced allergic reactions observed in human and animal infections. The review concludes with a forward look to where we may make future advances towards the final eradication of helminth diseases.

scholarly journals Recent Progress in Electrochemiluminescence of Halide Perovskites

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Cao ◽  
Jun-Jie Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Recent Progress ◽  
Scientific Communities ◽  
Considerable Potential ◽  
The Past ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Halide Perovskites ◽  
Halide Perovskite ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Halide perovskites are a rapidly developing class of solution-processable semiconductors which, to date, have a huge impact across several scientific communities. The remarkable photophysical attributes of halide perovskites illustrate their considerable potential in the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) realm. Over the past 4 years, great progress has been achieved in using halide perovskites as ECL emitters. In this mini-review, the basic characteristics, synthetic approaches, and ECL mechanisms for halide perovskite emitters are first introduced. To the best of our knowledge, most of the reported ECL-active halide perovskites and their disclosed unique features are detailly summarized. Stabilization and interface manipulation strategies for desirable ECL performance are further highlighted. The preliminary halide perovskites-related ECL applications are finally discussed, and prospects are also anticipated.

Women or Philosophers?

2021 ◽  
pp. 6-9
Author(s):  
Rebecca Buxton ◽  
Lisa Whiting ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young Men ◽  
History Of Philosophy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Women Philosophers

This history of philosophy is a history of men. Or at least, that’s how it has been told over the past several hundred years. But, over the last few decades, we’ve begun to see more and more recognition of women philosophers and the huge impact that they have had on the course of our discipline. There have always been philosophers who happened to be women. Hypatia of Alexandria was known by her contemporaries simply as The Philosopher, and hundreds of young men travelled from throughout the region to attend her public lectures. Philosophers who happen to be women, then, are nothing new. But our failure to recognise them as full contributors to the subject makes them appear to us as something of a surprise. A result of this is that women are often remembered as women first: they are seen more as women than they’re seen as philosophers.

Thoracoscopic diaphragm plication

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Minimally Invasive Techniques ◽  
Respiratory Compromise ◽  
Video Tutorial ◽  
The Past ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Invasive Techniques ◽  
Thoracoscopic Technique

Diaphragmatic paralysis with subsequent eventration and respiratory compromise has a huge impact on the quality of life of affected patients. Many different surgical approaches for correcting this problem have been described in the past, using both transabdominal and transthoracic pathways. Either way, since the procedure in general requires suturing of the diaphragm, minimally invasive techniques have only been adopted very slowly and most thoracic surgeons nowadays still use a minithoracotomy, even when adopting a video-assisted approach. We have developed a safe and simple completely thoracoscopic technique for diaphragmatic plication, and in this video tutorial we demonstrate our technique.

A Study to Explore Relationships Between Customer Demographics and Brand Loyalty in The Indian Telecom Sector

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
K Sai Prasad ◽  
Sita Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Marketing ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Service Differentiation ◽  
The Past ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Customer's Loyalty ◽  
Telecom Sector

Customer loyalty is vital in any relationship marketing effort. With little or no product and service differentiation in the telecom sector, retaining the loyalty of customers is a big challenge. Service providers are investing substantial amounts in a variety of CRM strategies. While on one hand customer loyalty is a function of good products and services, resulting in increased levels of satisfaction, on the other hand customers' social and demographic profile plays a key role in determining a customer's loyalty to his service provider. Four types of loyalty measures were categorized and relationships with the demographic variables studied. This paper explores whether customer loyalty and demographic factors are linked in the telecom sector and to what extent. The findings and interpretation are similar to what other researchers have arrived at in the past, in that there is no significant relationship between demographic factors and loyalty. This study will have a huge impact on CRM investments in the telecom sector and will make service providers rethink their customer loyalty strategies.

Use of metal complexes to synthesize semiconductor nanoparticles

2006 ◽  
Vol 78 (9) ◽  
pp. 1691-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Revaprasadu ◽  
S. N. Mlondo
Keyword(s):  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Shape Control ◽  
Semiconductor Nanoparticles ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Molecular Precursor ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Precursor Route ◽  
Mechanism Of Growth

Research in materials with dimensions of the order of nanometers has made a huge impact on the scientific community in the past decade. Chemists play an important role in this area of research as they endeavor to prepare pure, crystalline, surface-derivatized nanoparticles, which can be processed in potential applications. This review describes some of the routes to nanoparticles with particular emphasis on the use of metal complexes in the preparation of high-quality nanoparticles. The synthesis of II/VI semiconductor nanoparticles such as CdSe, CdS, ZnS, and PbS using the single molecular precursor route is reviewed in detail. The synthesis of some III/V semiconductor materials is also briefly discussed. Finally, current work on the shape control of nanoparticles is described. The mechanism of growth induced by variation of reaction conditions is discussed using CdSe nanoparticles as an example.

scholarly journals Effects of Insecticides and Microbiological Contaminants on Apis mellifera Health

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 5080
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Leska ◽  
Adriana Nowak ◽  
Ireneusz Nowak ◽  
Anna Górczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Colony Collapse Disorder ◽  
Important Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colony Collapse ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Bee Colonies ◽  
Impact Of Pesticides

Over the past two decades, there has been an alarming decline in the number of honey bee colonies. This phenomenon is called Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD). Bee products play a significant role in human life and have a huge impact on agriculture, therefore bees are an economically important species. Honey has found its healing application in various sectors of human life, as well as other bee products such as royal jelly, propolis, and bee pollen. There are many putative factors of CCD, such as air pollution, GMO, viruses, or predators (such as wasps and hornets). It is, however, believed that pesticides and microorganisms play a huge role in the mass extinction of bee colonies. Insecticides are chemicals that are dangerous to both humans and the environment. They can cause enormous damage to bees’ nervous system and permanently weaken their immune system, making them vulnerable to other factors. Some of the insecticides that negatively affect bees are, for example, neonicotinoids, coumaphos, and chlorpyrifos. Microorganisms can cause various diseases in bees, weakening the health of the colony and often resulting in its extinction. Infection with microorganisms may result in the need to dispose of the entire hive to prevent the spread of pathogens to other hives. Many aspects of the impact of pesticides and microorganisms on bees are still unclear. The need to deepen knowledge in this matter is crucial, bearing in mind how important these animals are for human life.

scholarly journals FOUCAULDIAN INFLUENCE ON THE LITERARY MOVEMENTS IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-514
Author(s):  
Kamal Kadhim Shimal ◽  
Mohsen Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Cultural Materialism ◽  
Economic Issues ◽  
The Past ◽  
Safe Side ◽  
Huge Impact ◽  
Context Data ◽  
Study Power ◽  
Historical Movement

Purpose: This research paper is an attempt to investigate Foucault's concepts of power relations and knowledge and their impact on modern society. The study will explain Foucault's influence on the Historical movement and Cultural materialism. By Focusing on Foucauldian reading of Power and knowledge, Historical movement and Cultural materialism were able to conceive the historical events and their role to generate a mature society. Methodology:  Power relations and knowledge are prevalent concepts of Foucault vastly argued today. These two concepts have been examined by many critics from different views, but this paper tries to study power relations and knowledge from Foucault's view. These two concepts are closely related to Historical and Cultural materialism movements and they have a huge impact on them. In this context, data have been collected by using the library and documentary method. Findings: Foucault's period exposed a lot of events. Foucault in a certain period his writings and researches were responses to Althusser's ideological ideas. Foucault's researches have a vast impact on other thinkers in which many types of theses researches in contemporary age deal with issues that Foucault involves in his works. He has dealt with social, political and economic issues. This study helps us to find solutions for many issues at present. Foucault has focused on the significance of the past and relate to the present. For him, without the past, we cannot understand the present. Therefore, the new historicists were admired and inspired by him because they have been focused on the importance of the past to create the present. Implications: Foucault has criticized the dictatorship governments that tried to separate the past from the present. Individuals were oppressed and subjected to the dominant policies of the tyrant governments but Foucault as critic and theorist through his writings could relate the past to the present and how positively affect the society. He can affect and lead individuals to the safe side by resisting the tyrant apparatuses running by the governments. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study has explored the Foucauldian concepts of power and Knowledge and its influence on society. It will enable the reader to have ample knowledge of how Foucault was able to create an active society that can revolt against oppression and domination. This study will help grant the readers a wide variety of knowledge of such society and how they can demand their rights.

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