Viscosity of Diluted Aqueous K2CO3/KHCO3 Solutions

1992 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1879-1887 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Palatý
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Electrolyte Mixtures ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Basic Solutions ◽  
Good Agreement

The applicability of the equation derived for calculating the dynamic viscosity of ternary non-electrolyte mixtures, to the correlation of viscosity data of the H2O- K2CO3/KHCO3 system is verified in this work. It was found out that the values of dynamic viscosity obtained experimentally are in good agreement with the viscosity values calculated from this equation. The equation constants - interaction coefficients - were determined from the measurements of dynamic viscosity on mixing the basic solutions of K2CO3 and KHCO3 of known concentration. The correlation equation makes it possible to calculate viscosity of the K2CO3/KHCO3 solutions in the K2CO3 and KHCO3 concentration range from 0 to about 2.0 kmol m-3.

Density and Dynamic Viscosity of Bovine Milk Affect by Temperature and Composition

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lizzy Ayra Pereira Alcântara ◽  
Rafael da Costa Ilhéu Fontan ◽  
Renata Cristina Ferreira Bonomo ◽  
Evaldo Cardozo de Souza, Jr. ◽  
Vanessa Santos Sampaio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Reduced Density ◽  
Experimental Density ◽  
Multiple Type ◽  
Good Agreement

In order to design and to adapt equipments for food processing, it is essential to know thermophysical properties. Once temperature and composition affects these properties, models based in such factors are important for further calculation. In this work, density and dynamic viscosity of bovine milk, probably the most processed food fluid in the world, were determined within large ranges of temperature and major constituents (moisture, fat, lactose, protein and minerals), based on typical processing values. Density varied from (962.01 to 1100.45) kg/m3 and dynamic viscosity varied from (0.60 to 63.70) mPa∙s. Temperature and moisture content negatively affected both properties, while lactose, protein and minerals contents positively affected them. An increase in fat content reduced density and increased dynamic viscosity. Experimental density data were fitted to the simplest multiple linear model and dynamic viscosity data were fitted to a multiple type Arrehnius’ model, obtaining good agreement.

THEORETICAL CALCULATION OF pKb VALUES FOR ANILINES AND SULFONAMIDE DRUGS IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 283-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
BAHRAM GHALAMI-CHOOBAR ◽  
ALI GHIAMI-SHOMAMI ◽  
PARIA NIKPARSA
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
Continuum Model ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Polarizable Continuum Model ◽  
Free Energies ◽  
Pcm Model ◽  
Solvation Models ◽  
Polarizable Continuum ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Good Agreement

In this work, calculations of p K b values have been performed for aniline and its substituted derivatives and sulfonamide drugs by using Gaussian 98 software package. Gas-phase energies were calculated with HF /6-31 G ** and B3LYP /6-31 G ** levels of theory. Free energies of solvation have been computed using the polarizable continuum model (PCM), conductor-like polarizable continuum model (CPCM) and the integral equation formalism-polarizable continuum model (IEFPCM) at the same levels which have been used for geometry determination in the gas-phase. The results show that the calculated p K b values using the B3LYP /6-31 G ** are better than those using the corresponding HF /6-31 G **. At first, the correlation equation was found to determine the p K b values of the investigated anilines. Then, this correlation equation was used to calculate the p K b values of the sulfonamide drugs. The results obtained indicate that the PCM model is a suitable solvation model for calculating p K b values in comparison to the other solvation models. For the investigated compounds a good agreement between the experimental and the calculated p K b values was also observed.

Calculation of Flexural Capacity of High-Strength Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with FRP

2011 ◽  
Vol 71-78 ◽  
pp. 815-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiong Feng Liang ◽  
Ze Ping Yang ◽  
Zhi Ming Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Engineering Application ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Flexural Capacity ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Fiber Reinforce ◽  
Good Agreement

The mechanical properties of high-strength reinforced concrete beams strengthened with FRP ( fiber reinforce polymer) are further investigated theoretically including it s failure mechanism and loadability,based on earlier theoretical works on RC beams. And the correlation equation of flexural capacity on the cross section of high-strength reinforced concrete beams strengthened with FRP is deduced according to different types of failure.The correlation equation is shown to be in good agreement with the experimental results, which can be referred to engineering application.

scholarly journals Development of Characterization Techniques of Thermodynamic and Physical Properties Applied to the CO2-DMSO Mixture

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brice Calvignac ◽  
Elisabeth Rodier ◽  
Jean-Jacques Letourneau ◽  
Jacques Fages
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Co2 Solubility ◽  
Volumetric Expansion ◽  
Characterization Techniques ◽  
Dmso System ◽  
Good Agreement

This work is focused on the development of new characterization techniques of physical and thermodynamic properties. These techniques have been validated using the binary system DMSO-CO2 for which several studies of characterization have been well documented. We focused on the DMSO-rich phase and we carried out measurements of volumetric expansion, density, viscosity and CO2 solubility at 298.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K and pressures up to 9 MPa. The experimental procedures were compared and validated with the available literature data on SC-CO2-DMSO system. We made density and CO2 solubility measurements, using respectively the vibrating tube technology and two static analytical methods. Lastly, we developed an innovative falling body viscosimeter for high pressure measurements. All the measurements made are in good agreement with the already published data in spite of very different experimental techniques. This work is a contribution to the understanding of the DMSO-CO2 binary as it implements new viscosity data. Moreover, it opens new perspectives about the determination of the properties of other systems such as polymers-CO2 and fats-CO2, which are essential for supercritical process design such as extraction, crystallization, chromatography and synthesis reaction.

RHEOLOGICAL AND MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOUR OF SOME MAGNETIC FLUIDS ON POLAR AND NONPOLAR CARRIER LIQUIDS

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (17n18) ◽  
pp. 2765-2771 ◽  
Author(s):  
OANA BĂLĂU ◽  
DOINA BICA ◽  
MARTINA KONERACKA ◽  
PETER KOPČANSKY ◽  
DANIELA SUSAN-RESIGA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Magnetic Fluids ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Magnetorheological Effect ◽  
Very High

Rheological and magnetorheological behaviour of monolayer and double layer sterically stabilized magnetic fluids, with transformer oil (UTR), diloctilsebacate (DOS), heptanol (Hept), pentanol (Pent) and water (W) as carrier liquids, were investigated. The data for volumic concentration dependence of dynamic viscosity of high colloidal stability UTR, DOS, Hept and Pent samples are particularly well fitted by the formulas given by Vand (1948) and Chow (1994). The Chow type dependence proved its universal character as the viscosity data for dilution series of various magnetic fluids are well fitted by the same curve, regardless the nonpolar or polar charcater of the sample. The magnetorheological effect measured for low and medium concentration water based magnetic fluids is much higher, due to agglomerate formation process, than the corresponding values obtained for the well stabilized UTR, DOS, Hept and Pent samples, even at very high volumic fraction of magnetic nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Experimental measurements and modelling of viscosity and density of calcium and potassium chlorides ternary solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Arshad ◽  
Ahmed Easa ◽  
Hazim Qiblawey ◽  
Mustafa Nasser ◽  
Abdelbaki Benamor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ternary Mixture ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Ternary Solution ◽  
Average Absolute Deviation ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Density Data ◽  
Ternary Solutions ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Measured Viscosity ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract Measured viscosity and density data for ternary aqueous solutions of CaCl2 and KCl are presented at temperatures between 293 and 323 K with 5 K increment. A modified Jones–Dole was introduced by adding extra terms and proved to be suitable for modelling of the viscosity data. Goldsack and Franchetto, Hu and Exponential models are used to correlate the viscosity data, too. Al models are correlated as a function of temperature and concentration. All models had successfully predicted the viscosity with high precision reaching a maximum average absolute deviation (AAD) of less than 2.3%. The modified Jones–Dole showed the best results among other models. Viscosity of the ternary solution is higher than the viscosity of water by about 15% at low concentrations and reaches about 270% at the highest concentrations. The amount of CaCl2 has more significant effect on the ternary mixture viscosity compared to KCl. This has created difficulty in measuring the viscosity and consequently the challenge in finding the different models parameters. Ternary solution densities were successfully correlate with Kumar’s model with AAD of less than 0.4%. Comparison of the ternary solution density and viscosity with the few available data literature showed a good agreement.

An Exciton Approach to the Excited States of Two Electron Atoms. II. Determination of Spectroscopic Parameters, Polarizabilities and Dispersion Coefficients of H-, He, Li+, Be2+ and Ne8+

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
PE Schipper ◽  
B Martire
Keyword(s):  
Excited States ◽  
Ground State ◽  
Wave Functions ◽  
Oscillator Strengths ◽  
Exciton Model ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Isoelectronic Series ◽  
Helium Isoelectronic Series ◽  
Good Agreement

The exciton model developed in an earlier paper is applied quantitatively to a description of the excited states of representative members of the helium isoelectronic series; viz. H-, He, Li+,Be2+ and Ne8+. The energies of the eight lowest excited states are in good agreement with experiment, for a relatively small (1s-4p) hydrogenic basis; the ground state is obtained with slightly less precision. Response properties including oscillator strengths, polarizabilities and dispersion interaction coefficients are also calculated. The method appears to be quantitatively sound, and, above all, leads to particularly simple interpretations of the wave functions and the energies.

Computation and Comparison of Dynamic Viscosity Based on Quasi-Static and Dynamic FEM Analysis for AL7050-T7451

2013 ◽  
Vol 313-314 ◽  
pp. 1046-1050
Author(s):  
Zill-e Hasnain Minhas ◽  
Sun Qin
Keyword(s):  
Stress Relaxation ◽  
Dynamic Viscosity ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Maxwell Model ◽  
Relaxation Curve ◽  
Dynamic Tests ◽  
Dynamic Formulation ◽  
Static And Dynamic Tests ◽  
Creep And Stress Relaxation ◽  
Good Agreement

Coefficients of dynamic viscosity for AL7050-T7451 at room temperature is extracted by creep and stress relaxation simulations in Ansys. An analogy has been established for both creep and stress relaxation, with simple Maxwell Model. The stress relaxation curve thus obtained is then used to generate the Prony series coefficients which are then used to run some dynamic analysis in Ansys to see the effect of loading at different frequencies on the value of η (i.e dynamic viscosity). This will be verified with the simple analytical dynamic formulation based on the Maxwell Model. A good agreement has been found for both quasi-static and dynamic tests with Maxwell model.

Ultrasonic and thermodynamic studies of tetracyclines in solutions

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Pandey ◽  
K. Mishra ◽  
A. Shukla ◽  
R. D. Rai
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasonic Velocity ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Viscosity Data ◽  
Interaction Coefficients ◽  
Solvent Interaction ◽  
Thermodynamic Activation Parameters ◽  
Partial Molal Volumes ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Molal Volumes ◽  
Partial Molal Compressibility

The ultrasonic velocity, U, density, and viscosity of aqueous and non-aqueous (water + dioxan) solutions of tetracycline hydrochloride and chlorotetracycline have been measured at two different temperatures. Partial molal volumes, [Formula: see text] partial molal compressibility, [Formula: see text], Vand's interaction coefficients, Q and C, and thermodynamic activation parameters ΔG*, ΔS*, and ΔH* of these solutions have been computed from the ultrasonic velocity, density, and viscosity data. The results are interpreted in terms of solute–solvent interaction.

Ignition Delay Time Correlation of C1 – C5 Natural Gas Blends for Intermediate and High Temperature Regime

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Abd El-Sabor Mohamed ◽  
Amrit Bikram Sahu ◽  
Snehasish Panigrahy ◽  
Gilles Bourque ◽  
Henry Curran
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Ignition Delay ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Ignition Delay Time ◽  
Correlation Equation ◽  
Time Correlation ◽  
Reflected Shock ◽  
Global Correlation ◽  
Rate Form ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract New ignition delay time (IDT) data for stoichiometric natural gas (NG) blends composed of C1 – C5 n-alkanes with methane as the major component were recorded using a high pressure shock tube (ST) at reflected shock pressures (p5) and temperatures (T5) in the range 20–30 bar and 1000–1500 K, respectively. The good agreement of the new IDT experimental data with literature data shows the reliability of the new data at the conditions investigated. Comparisons of simulations using the NUI Galway mechanism (NUIGMech1.0) show very good agreement with the new experimental results and with the existing data available in the literature. Empirical IDT correlation equations have been developed through multiple linear regression analyses for these C1 – C5 n-alkane/air mixtures using constant volume IDT simulations in the pressure range pC = 10–50 bar, at temperatures TC = 950–2000 K and in the equivalence ratio (φ) range 0.3–3.0. Moreover, a global correlation equation is developed using NUIGMech1.0, to predict the IDTs for these NG mixtures and other relevant data available in the literature. The correlation expression utilized in this study employs a traditional Arrhenius rate form including dependencies on the individual fuel fraction, TC, φ and pC.

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