Radiation polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-vinyl pyrrolidone-water system

1988 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 1242-1246
Author(s):  
Minoru Kumakura ◽  
Isao Kaetsu
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Water System ◽  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Temperature Curve ◽  
Irradiation Temperature ◽  
Polymerization Rate ◽  
Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Radiation Polymerization

Radiation polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-vinyl pyrrolidone-water system at low temperature was studied. The polymerization rate-irradiation temperature curve had a maximum peak at near glass transition temperaure, and it was shifted to the site of high temperature with increasing monomer concentration. The polymerization rate in vinyl pyrrolidone at low temperatures was accelerated by the addition of water. The polymers obtained by radiation polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate-vinyl pyrrolidone-water system at low temperatures were a high hydrophilicity and had porous structure.

Immobilization of E. coli Cell as an Antigen by Radiation Polymerization Method

1983 ◽  
Vol 38 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 812-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
lsao Kaetsu ◽  
Minoru Kumakura ◽  
Shintaro Kikuchi ◽  
Shoichi Adachi ◽  
Mieko Suzuki
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Coli Cell ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Radiation Polymerization ◽  
Specific Affinity ◽  
Polymerization Method

E. coli NIJ cells were immobilized by radiation polymerization of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate at low temperatures. The immobilized E. coli cells as an antigen were reacted with peroxidase labeled anti-E. coli in competition with the free E. coli cells. It was found that E. coli cells can be assayed quantitatively with the immobilized E. coli cells in disc form. Microorganisms such as gram negative bacteria had no specific affinity to anti-E. coli. Cross reactivity of the immobilized E. coli cells with the E. coli cells from various strains was examined.

Argon—water system at low temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 1388-1394
Author(s):  
G. G. Malenkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Water System

Effect of the hydrophilicity of the polymer matrix on immobilized α-chymotrypsin

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1552-1556
Author(s):  
Minoru Kumakura ◽  
Isso Kaetsu
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Pore Size ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Radiation Polymerization ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

α-Chymotrypsin was immobilized by radiation polymerization at low temperatures and the effect of the hydrophilicity of the polymer matrix on the enzyme activity and thermal stability was studied. The activity and thermal stability of immobilized chymotrypsin increased with the increasing hydrophilicity of the polymer matrix or monomer. The thermal stability was affected by the form and pore size of the polymer matrix; chymotrypsin immobilized on a soft-gel polymer matrix exhibited an enhanced thermal stability.

Glass Transition and Ultrasonic Relaxation in Polystyrene

1996 ◽  
Vol 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Sahnoune ◽  
L. Piché
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Relaxation Modulus ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Relaxation Model ◽  
Fragility Index ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Ultrasonic Relaxation

ABSTRACTWe present measurements of the glass transition and the ultrasonic relaxation modulus in a series of monodisperse polystyrenes. The temperature dependence of the modulus was analyzed using Havriliak-Negami relaxation model (HN) and Vogel-Tammann-Fulcher equation (VTF) for the relaxation time. The results allowed us to determine the fragility index, m, which decreases with increasing molecular weight, Mn. Furthermore, the relaxation time was found to saturate at high molecular weights and varies as Mnp, in the low molecular weight region. The exponent is p≈2 at high temperatures and p ≈ 7 at low temperatures close to Tg.

scholarly journals Solvent Effects on Radical Copolymerization Kinetics of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate and Butyl Methacrylate

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta Idowu ◽  
Robin Hutchinson
Keyword(s):  
Monomer Concentration ◽  
Propagation Rate ◽  
Radical Copolymerization ◽  
Size Exclusion ◽  
Butyl Methacrylate ◽  
Copolymer Composition ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate ◽  
Kinetic Coefficients ◽  
Exclusion Chromatography

2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is an important component of many acrylic resins used in coatings formulations, as the functionality ensures that the chains participate in the cross-linking reactions required to form the final product. Hence, the knowledge of their radical copolymerization kinetic coefficients is vital for both process and recipe improvements. The pulsed laser polymerization (PLP) technique is paired with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to provide kinetic coefficients for the copolymerization of HEMA with butyl methacrylate (BMA) in various solvents. The choice of solvent has a significant impact on both copolymer composition and on the composition-averaged propagation rate coefficient (kp,cop). Compared to the bulk system, both n-butanol and dimethylformamide reduce the relative reactivity of HEMA during copolymerization, while xylene as a solvent enhances HEMA reactivity. The magnitude of the solvent effect varies with monomer concentration, as shown by a systematic study of monomer/solvent mixtures containing 50 vol%, 20 vol%, and 10 vol% monomer. The observed behavior is related to the influence of hydrogen bonding on monomer reactivity, with the experimental results fit using the terminal model of radical copolymerization to provide estimates of reactivity ratios and kp,HEMA.

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