Synthesis, spectral properties, and pesticidal activity of 4-amino(alkylamino, dialkylamino)-5-chloro-2-substituted-3-oxo-2H-pyridazines and 5-amino(alkylamino, dialkylamino)-4-chloro-2-substituted-3-oxo-2H-pyridazines

1985 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 492-502 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Konečný ◽  
Štefan Kováč ◽  
Štefan Varkonda
Keyword(s):  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Aprotic Solvent ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Hill Reaction ◽  
Solvent Structure ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
The Hill

4-Amino(alkylamino)-5-chloro-2-substituted-3-oxo-2H-pyridazines and 5-amino(alkylamino, dialkylamino)-4-chloro-2-substituted-3-oxo-2H-pyridazines have been prepared by nucleophilic substitution reactions of 4,5-dichloro-2-substituted-3-oxo-2H-pyridazines with amines in aprotic solvent. Structure of the compounds prepared has been proved by IR and UV spectra. Fungicidal and herbicidal activity of the compounds prepared have been tested. None of the compounds prepared exceeds the standard Vitavax in the fungicidal activity tests. Compounds VIII and XII show equal or better activity on the Hill reaction as compared with the standard pyrazone.

Synthesis, spectral properties and pesticidal activity of some O-(2,4,5-trichloro-6-bromo/iodo, nitro/phenyl) esters of carbamic and thiocarbamic acids

1979 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 918-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Konečný ◽  
Štefan Varkonda ◽  
Naďa Kulíčková
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Fungicidal Activity ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Phenyl Ester ◽  
Powdery Mildew Disease ◽  
Ir And Uv Spectra

2,4,5-Trichloro-6-bromo/iodo, nitro/phenyl carbamates have been prepared by reaction of 2,4,5-trichloro-6-bromo/iodo, nitro/phenyl chlorocarbonates with amines or by reaction of carbamoyl chloride with sodium 2,4,5-trichloro-6-bromo/iodo, nitro/phenolate, and the thiocarbamate esters have been prepared by reaction of O-(2,4,5-trichloro-6-bromo/iodo, nitro/phenyl) ester of chlorothiocarbonic acid with amines. IR and UV spectra of the synthetized compounds have been interpreted. The compounds have been tested for contact and systeme insecticidal, acaricidal, ovicidal, fungicidal and herbicidal activity. The highest fungicidal activity has been observed against powdery mildew disease.

Photoautotrophic Cultured Plant Cells: A Novel System to Survey New Photosynthetic Electron Transport Inhibitors

1991 ◽  
Vol 46 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 563-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiko Sato ◽  
Yasuyuki Yamada ◽  
Sang Soo Kwak ◽  
Katsunori Ichinose ◽  
Mitsuhiro Kishida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Plant Cells ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
Herbicidal Activity ◽  
Marchantia Polymorpha ◽  
Hill Reaction ◽  
Transport Inhibitors ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
The Hill

Abstract The responses of photoautotrophic (PA) cultured cells of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun NN) and liverwort (Marchantia polymorpha L.) to thirty-eight cyclohexanedione derivatives were surveyed. Each derivative was also tested for inhibitory activity on photosynthetic electron transport (PET), using isolated thylakoids, and herbicidal activity, using seed­ lings and mature plants. Comparison of the results from the different assays showed that the responses of PA cells to each com pound correlated more closely with the responses of seed­ lings and mature plants than did the results of the Hill reaction assays. Our findings suggest that PA cultured cells would be a suitable screening material for identifying potential herbicides with PET-inhibiting activity.

scholarly journals Medium effect on the α-effect for nucleophilic substitution reactions of p-nitrophenyl acetate with benzohydroxamates and m-chlorophenoxide in DMSO–H2O mixtures as contrasts with MeCN–H2O mixtures: comparing two very different polar aprotic solvent components

2018 ◽  
Vol 96 (10) ◽  
pp. 922-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ik-Hwan Um ◽  
Hyun-Jung Moon ◽  
Young-Hee Shin ◽  
Julian M. Dust
Keyword(s):  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Aprotic Solvent ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Hydroxamic Acids ◽  
Medium Effect ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Medium Effects ◽  
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions ◽  
Polar Aprotic Solvent ◽  
Dipolar Aprotic Solvents

A kinetic study is reported on nucleophilic substitution reactions of p-nitrophenyl acetate (1a) with three α-effect nucleophiles, benzohydroxamate (BHA–), p-methylbenzohydroxamate (MBHA–), and p-methyl-N-methylbenzohydroxamate (M2BHA–), and a reference nucleophile, m-chlorophenoxide (m-ClPhO–), in DMSO–H2O mixtures of varying compositions at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C. Second-order rate constants for the reactions with BHA– and MBHA– decrease upon addition of DMSO to the reaction medium up to 60 mol % DMSO and then increase thereafter only a little. In contrast, M2BHA– and m-ClPhO– become much more reactive as the DMSO content in the medium increases. Such contrasting medium effects on reactivity are consistent with the report that hydroxamic acids behave as OH acids in H2O but as NH acids in dipolar aprotic solvents (e.g., DMSO and MeCN). It has been concluded that BHA– and MBHA– form an equilibrium of a reactive form I with less reactive species II in DMSO–H2O mixtures and the position of the equilibrium is dependent on solvent compositions. BHA– and MBHA– exhibit the α-effect in H2O but not in in 90 mol % DMSO. In contrast, the α-effect yielded by M2BHA– increases steeply up to 70 mol % DMSO and then levels off thereafter.

Syntheses, spectral properties and pesticide activity of O-ethyl-S-propyl-O-(1-alkyl, phenyl-5-chloro, alkoxy-6-oxo-1H-pyridazine-4-yl)esters of dithiophosphoric acid

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 2247-2253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Konečný ◽  
Štefan Varkonda ◽  
Vojtech Kubala
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Properties ◽  
Uv Spectra ◽  
Dithiophosphoric Acid ◽  
Insecticide Activity ◽  
Ir And Uv Spectra

Syntheses of O-ethyl-S-propyl-O-(1-alkyl, phenyl-5-chloro, alkoxy-6-oxo-1H-pyridazine-4-yl) esters of dithiophosphoric acid are described. The compounds were investigated for their IR and UV spectra and for their contact and system activities as insecticides, acaricides, ovicides, fungicides and herbicides. Some of the compounds proved efficient acaricides; compound VIII also had an insecticide activity.

Cyanoacrylate Inhibitors of the Hill Reaction V. The Effect of Chirality on Inhibitor Binding

1987 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 684-689 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Huppatz ◽  
John N. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Phenyl Ring ◽  
Alkyl Substituent ◽  
Receptor Site ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Hill Reaction ◽  
Inhibitor Binding ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Hill

Optically active α-methylbenzylamino 2-cyanoacrylic esters were synthesized and assayed as inhibitors of the Hill reaction in isolated pea chloroplast fragments. The 5-isomers were more potent inhibitors than the S-isomers with discriminations of from ten to greater than 100-fold being observed. A β-alkyl substituent in the cyanoacrylate molecule affected both the level of activity and the difference in activity between the isomers. An α,α-dimethylbenzylamino derivative was also active at about the same level as the corresponding α-methylbenzylamino racemate. This result could be explained in terms of the orientation of the phenyl ring in the receptor site. Replacement of the α-methylbenzylamino group by other α-alkyl and α-phenyl substituents had little effect on activity. However, an α-benzyl group was beneficial.

The unexpected reactivity of 9-iodo-nido-carborane: from nucleophilic substitution reactions to the synthesis of tricobalt tris(dicarbollide) Na[4,4′,4′′-(MeOCH2CH2O)3-3,3′,3′′-Co3(μ3-O)(μ3-S)(1,2-C2B9H10)3]

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 2671-2688
Author(s):  
Marina Yu. Stogniy ◽  
Sergey A. Anufriev ◽  
Akim V. Shmal'ko ◽  
Sergey M. Antropov ◽  
Aleksei A. Anisimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Substitution Reactions ◽  
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions

An unusual reactivity of 9-iodo-nido-carborane [9-I-7,8-C2B9H11]− towards nucleophiles under strong basic conditions was revealed.

Interaction of Photosystem II Herbicides with Bicarbonate and Formate in Their Effects on Photosynthetic Electron Flow

1984 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 374-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. S. van Rensen
Keyword(s):  
Electron Transport ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Electron Flow ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Transport ◽  
Hill Reaction ◽  
Amaranthus Hybridus ◽  
Apparent Affinity ◽  
Photosynthetic Electron Flow ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
The Hill

The reactivation of the Hill reaction in CO2-depleted broken chloroplasts by various concentrations of bicarbonate was measured in the absence and in the presence of photosystem II herbicides. It appears that these herbicides decrease the apparent affinity of the thylakoid membrane for bicarbonate. Different characteristics of bicarbonate binding were observed in chloroplasts of triazine-resistant Amaranthus hybridus compared to the triazine-sensitive biotype. It is concluded that photosystem II herbicides, bicarbonate and formate interact with each other in their binding to the Qв-protein and their interference with photosynthetic electron transport.

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