Application of tower bioreactors with forced circulation in biomass production

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (13) ◽  
pp. 3232-3246 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Kaštánek ◽  
Jindřich Zahradník ◽  
Mojmír Rychtera ◽  
Jan Kratochvíl ◽  
Jan Čermák
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Continuous Cultivation ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Foam Formation ◽  
Internal Circulation ◽  
Forced Circulation ◽  
Gas Distributor ◽  
Liquid Dispersion ◽  
Reactor Types

Characteristic hydrodynamic parameters of three selected types of bubble-type column reactors with forced liquid circulation were studied experimentally. Application of these units for the fermentation process - production of fodder protein by continuous cultivation of Candida utilis yeast on the synthetic ethanol was tested. Two modifications of the column reactor with the ejector gas distributor and the bubble type tower reactor with the central tube and forced internal circulation of the gas-liquid dispersion were selected. Diameter of all three reactors used was 0.3 m. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) and gas holdup (εG) were determined both for the standard water-air system and under actual fermentation process conditions. The effect of the inlet ethanol concentration and of the dilution rate on the cultivation characteristics was determined during the cultivation experiments. The obtained results have proved that the studied reactor types are suitable for fermentation. Equipment with the ejector gas distributor can be recommended even for processes with high requirements on the oxygen consumption, while by the proposed construction arrangement the undesired foam formation in the system was successfully eliminated.

Production of biomass from sulphite liquors in tower fermentor with forced circulation

1983 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 1984-1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřich Zahradník ◽  
Mojmír Rychtera ◽  
Jan Kratochvíl ◽  
Ludmila Havlíčková ◽  
Jan Čermák
Keyword(s):  
Candida Utilis ◽  
Fermentation Medium ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Active Volume ◽  
Forced Circulation ◽  
Energy Characteristics ◽  
Gas Distributor ◽  
Cultivation Process ◽  
Tower Fermentor

Cultivation of the yeast Candida utilis on sulphite liquors was studied in a tower fermentor with ejector-type gas distributor and additional bubble bed showering. The aim of the work was to test the fermentor applicability for the cultivation process studied and to obtain data characterizing the fermentation in the tested unit. The effect of medium composition and dilution rate on selected cultivation parameters was determined in the fermentor with active volume 0.1 m3 and the hydrodynamic and energy characteristics of the apparatus were evaluated. The experimental results proved the fermentor to be suitable for the cultivation process studied. Favourable effect of the optimized fermentation medium was observed both on the values of characteristic cultivation parameters and on the efficiency of the utilization of energy supplied to the system.

Effect of gas distributor on gas–liquid dispersion and mass transfer characteristics in stirred tank

2019 ◽  
Vol 145 ◽  
pp. 314-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoqing Liu ◽  
Qing Xiao ◽  
Ning Sun ◽  
Pengfei Gao ◽  
Fangyi Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Stirred Tank ◽  
Transfer Characteristics ◽  
Gas Distributor ◽  
Liquid Dispersion

scholarly journals Biogas production in the methane fermentation of excess sludge oxidized with Fenton’s reagent

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 00104
Author(s):  
Iwona Zawieja ◽  
Kinga Brzeska
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Fenton’S Reagent ◽  
Iron Ions ◽  
Fenton Reagent ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Methane Fermentation ◽  
Fenton's Reagent

The advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) play an important role in the degradation of hardly decomposable organic pollutants. AOPs methods rely on the production of highly reactive hydroxyl OH• radicals. The aim of the conducted research was to intensify biogas production in the methane fermentation process of excess sludge subjected to the process of deep oxidation with Fenton's reagent. In the process of oxidation of sewage sludge with the Fenton reagent, doses of iron ions in the range 0.02–0.14 g Fe2+/g TS (total solids) were used Hydrogen peroxide was measured in the proportions 1: 1–1:10 in relation to the mass of iron ions. The basic substrate of the study was excess sludge. In the case of excess sludge oxidation with the use of Fenton's reagent, the most favorable process conditions were considered to be the dose of iron ions 0.08 g Fe2+/g d.m. and a Fe2+: H2O2 ratio of 1:5. As a result of subjecting the excess sludge to disintegration with the Fenton reagent in the above-mentioned dose, with respect to the fermentation process of unprocessed sludge, about two-fold increase in the digestion degree of excess sludge and about 35% increase of the biogas yield was obtained.

Design of Venturi-tube gas distributors for bubble-type reactors

1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1939-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Rylek ◽  
Jindřich Zahradník
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Gas Holdup ◽  
Venturi Tube ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Dispersion Characteristics ◽  
Liquid Circulation ◽  
Bed Porosity ◽  
Gas Distributor ◽  
Liquid Dispersion

The effect of individual parts of a Venturi-tube gas distributor on quality of the gas-liquid dispersion formed was studied in a bubble-type reactor with forced liquid circulation. Gas holdup (bubble-bed porosity) was used as the dispersion characteristics, type and geometry of nozzles, suction chamber arrangement, and dimensions of the mixing tube and diffuser were chosen as variable design parameters. Experimental data of gas holdup presented in dependence on the rate of energy dissipation in the place of dispersion formation characterized then the dispersion efficiency of the Venturi tube at given conditions. Recommendations for design of Venturi-tube gas distributors are presented based upon the results of the study.

scholarly journals Development of Fermented Beverage Using RSM and Nutrients Evaluation – I. Fermented Ashgourd Beverage

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. S. Devaki ◽  
K. S. Premavalli
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Benincasa Hispida ◽  
Fermented Beverage ◽  
Medicinal Properties ◽  
Yeast Concentration ◽  
Best Fit

<p>Ash gourd<strong> </strong>(<em>Benincasa hispida</em>)<strong> </strong>is valued for its nutritive and medicinal properties and further value addition is being attempted by fermentation process. In the present study, the optimization of the fermentation process with reference to yeast concentration and the period has been attempted by using RSM. The statistical design gave 13 formulations, where yeast concentration was from 1 to 5.8% and the fermentation process period varied from 0.5 to 17.5 days. The product varied formulations had total phenols ranged from 24.8 to 43.6mg%, antioxidant 12.3 to 27%, acidity 0.067 to 0.6%, total volatiles 0.0025 to 0.078%, alcohol 4.6-12.4%, overall acceptability 6.9 to 8.4, thiamine 115.7 to 367 ug%, riboflavin 32.4 to 159 ug%, niacin 6.7 to 139.4 ug%, pyridoxine 71.68 to 174.1 ug% and vitamin C from 0.02 to 0.21mg%. Yeast concentration of 3% and fermentation time for 3 days was the optimized process conditions achieved with the best fit of desirability 0.92.</p>

Hydrodynamic characteristics of gas-liquid beds in contactors with ejector-type gas distributors

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1939-1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jindřich Zahradník ◽  
František Kaštánek ◽  
Jan Kratochvíl ◽  
Milan Rylek
Keyword(s):  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Energy Dissipation Rate ◽  
Gas Holdup ◽  
Nozzle Geometry ◽  
Hydrodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Gas Distributor ◽  
Liquid Dispersion ◽  
Interfacial Mass Transfer ◽  
Ejector Nozzle ◽  
Nozzle Type

The effect of ejector-nozzle geometry on gas holdup and on the rate of interfacial mass transfer characterized by values of kLa was studied in a tower reactor with ejector-type gas distributor. It has been established that both gas holdup and kLa values are, in contactors of this type, unambiguously determined by the rate of energy dissipation in the place of gas-liquid dispersion formation i.e. in the ejector. No effect of nozzle type and geometry was observed on the character of dependences of gas holdup and kLa on the energy dissipation rate and consequently on the values of coefficients of empirical exponential-type relations used for experimental data correlation.

scholarly journals Optimization of Cactus Pear Fruit Fermentation Process for Wine Production

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zenebe Tsegay ◽  
Chanukya Sathyanarayana ◽  
Solomon Lemma
Keyword(s):  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Pear Fruit ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Inoculum Concentration ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Antioxidant Concentration ◽  
Input Variables

Cactus pear fruit (Opuntia ficus-indica) has a chemical composition that renders it an attractive substrate for wine fermentation. However, there have been serious post-harvest losses of cactus fruit due to its short shelf life. This study aims to investigate wine production from cactus pear fruit juice by optimizing fermentation temperature, pH, and inoculum concentration (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to obtain optimum quality-indicative responses. Response surface methodology coupled with central composite rotatable design was adopted in the present study to achieve optimized fermentation process conditions. The fermentation process was carried out for 6 days with varied input variables, and all the models showed significant p-values for interaction of variance (<0.05). Cactus pear fruit wine with a total acidity of 12.39 ± 1.32 g/L equivalent to tartaric acid (TTAE), alcohol content of 9 ± 0.31%, v/v, total antioxidant concentration of 235.3 ± 9.15 mg/L AAE (Ascorbic acid equivalent), and sensory acceptance of 7.74 ± 0.34 was produced at an optimized temperature of 30 °C, pH of 3.9, and inoculum concentration of 16%. The developed models could predict the quality of wine developed from cactus pear fruit.

scholarly journals Optimization of Pre-Inoculum, Fermentation Process Parameters and Precursor Supplementation Conditions to Enhance Apigenin Production by a Recombinant Streptomyces albus Strain

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Simona Barbuto Ferraiuolo ◽  
Odile Francesca Restaino ◽  
Ignacio Gutiérrez-del-Río ◽  
Riccardo Ventriglia ◽  
Marcella Cammarota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Process Parameters ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Recombinant Strain ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Shake Flask ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Streptomyces Albus ◽  
Shake Flasks ◽  
Optimization Of Fermentation ◽  
Streptomyces Albus J1074

Streptomyces albus J1074-pAPI (Streptomyces albus-pAPI) is a recombinant strain constructed to biotechnologically produce apigenin, a flavonoid with interesting bioactive features that up to now has been manufactured by extraction from plants with long and not environmentally friendly procedures. So far, in literature, only a maximum apigenin concentration of 80.0 µg·L−1 has been obtained in shake flasks. In this paper, three integrated fermentation strategies were exploited to enhance the apigenin production by Streptomyces albus J1074-pAPI, combining specific approaches for pre-inoculum conditions, optimization of fermentation process parameters and supplementation of precursors. Using a pre-inoculum of mycelium, the apigenin concentration increased of 1.8-fold in shake flask physiological studies. In 2L batch fermentation, the aeration and stirring conditions were optimized and integrated with the new inoculum approach and the apigenin production reached 184.8 ± 4.0 µg·L−1, with a productivity of 2.6 ± 0.1 μg·L−1·h−1. The supplementation of 1.5 mM L-tyrosine in batch fermentations allowed to obtain an apigenin production of 343.3 ± 3.0 µg·L−1 in only 48 h, with an increased productivity of 7.1 ± 0.1 μg·L−1·h−1. This work demonstrates that the optimization of fermentation process conditions is a crucial requirement to increase the apigenin concentration and productivity by up to 4.3- and 10.7-fold.

scholarly journals Process Design of the Antioxidant Shuidouchi and Its Effect on Preventing Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis in Mice via Antioxidant Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Qin Li ◽  
Yang Wei ◽  
Xingyao Long ◽  
Jianfei Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Dextran Sulfate ◽  
Dextran Sulfate Sodium ◽  
Glass Container ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Active Ingredients ◽  
Soybean Isoflavones ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Shuidouchi is a traditionally fermented soybean product in China. Shuidouchi production requires a variety of processes; however, the production process has not been standardized. It can be developed into high-quality products with enhanced health effects by improving the design of its fermentation process and increasing the content of its active ingredients. In this study, a single-factor experiment was conducted that established different process conditions to determine the fermentation conditions that achieve the highest content of active ingredients and the best in vitro antioxidant effect. The effect of Shuidouchi on the prevention of dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice was also observed. The obtained results indicated that the optimal process conditions involved soaking for 12 h, placement in a glass container, and fermentation at 35 °C for 48 h. Shuidouchi that was fermented under such conditions had the highest level of soybean isoflavones and exerted greater antioxidant effects than if fermented under other conditions. The Shuidouchi extract (soaking twice the quantity of water for 12 h, placing in a glass container, and fermenting at 35 °C for 48 h) obtained by using the optimal fermentation process can prevent the shortening of the colon and increase the weight-to-length ratio of the colon that is caused by colitis. Shuidouchi extraction not only effectively reduces the disease activity index and the levels of serum endothelin (ET), substance P (SP), and interleukin-10 (IL-10), it also increases the levels of somatostatin (SS), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and interleukin-2 (IL-2) of mice with colitis. In addition, Shuidouchi extraction increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in colitis mice; in contrast, Shuidouchi decreased the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the colon of mice with colitis. Further detection of mRNA in colon tissues showed that Shuidouchi extraction can upregulate the expression of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), c-Kit, and the stem cell factor (SCF). Furthermore, it can downregulate the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2) in the colon of mice with colitis. Further experimental results showed that Shuidouchi could reduce the protein expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in colitic mice. Therefore, the improved processing of Shuidouchi inhibits colitis, which is directly related to the high content of soybean isoflavones.

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