Feed reactor and its application to oxide-reduction and second order coupling reactions

1975 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 2287-2294 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Tockstein ◽  
B. Ludvík
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Oxide Reduction

scholarly journals Quantification of the Nucleophilicities of 3-X-Thiophenes: Highlighting the Hyperortho Correlation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
W. Gabsi ◽  
T. Boubaker ◽  
R. Goumont
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constants ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Kinetics Studies ◽  
Order Rate ◽  
Linear Correlations

Kinetics studies for the coupling reactions of the 3-X-thiophene 1a-c (X = CH3, H and Br) with the electrophiles 2a and 3a-c have been investigated in acetonitrile at 20°C The second-order rate constants have been employed to determine the nucleophilicity parameters N and s of the thiophene 1 according the Mayr equation log k (20°C) = s (E + N). The nucleophilic-specific parameters N and s quantified in this work have been derived and compared with the reactivity of other C nucleophiles. Based on the linear correlations log k1 = f(E) and log k1 = f(σp+), we have shown that the mechanism of interactions occurs by a unique process: electrophilic heteroaromatic substitution of an α-carbon position of substituted 3-X-thiophenes 1 known hyperortho correlation.

scholarly journals Storable N-phenylcarbamate palladacycles for rapid functionalization of an alkyne-encoded protein

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (79) ◽  
pp. 11679-11682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Cheng ◽  
Reyna K. V. Lim ◽  
Carlo P. Ramil ◽  
Qing Lin
Keyword(s):  
Rate Constant ◽  
Cross Coupling ◽  
Order Rate Constant ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Coupling Reactions ◽  
Order Rate ◽  
Cross Coupling Reactions ◽  
The Cross

Here we report the synthesis of storableN-phenylcarbamate palladacycles that showed robust reactivity in the cross-coupling reactions with an alkyne-encoded protein with a second-order rate constant approaching 19 770 ± 930 M−1s−1.

Disappearance Voltage Determinations Using a Convergent Beam

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 184-185
Author(s):  
W. L. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Objective Method ◽  
Uniform Thickness ◽  
Rocking Curve ◽  
Crystal Perfection ◽  
Kikuchi Line ◽  
Central Maximum ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Beam Technique

Disappearance voltages for second order reflections can be determined experimentally in a variety of ways. The more subjective methods, such as Kikuchi line disappearance and bend contour imaging, involve comparing a series of diffraction patterns or micrographs taken at intervals throughout the disappearance range and selecting that voltage which gives the strongest disappearance effect. The estimated accuracies of these methods are both to within 10 kV, or about 2-4%, of the true disappearance voltage, which is quite sufficient for using these voltages in further calculations. However, it is the necessity of determining this information by comparisons of exposed plates rather than while operating the microscope that detracts from the immediate usefulness of these methods if there is reason to perform experiments at an unknown disappearance voltage.The convergent beam technique for determining the disappearance voltage has been found to be a highly objective method when it is applicable, i.e. when reasonable crystal perfection exists and an area of uniform thickness can be found. The criterion for determining this voltage is that the central maximum disappear from the rocking curve for the second order spot.

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