Sedimentary record of glacial Lake Missoula along the Clark Fork River from deep to shallow positions in the former lakes: St. Regis to near Drummond, Montana

Sedimentary record of glacial Lake Mackenzie, Northwest Territories, Canada: Implications for Arctic freshwater forcing

Palaeogeography Palaeoclimatology Palaeoecology ◽

10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.06.011 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 268 (1-2) ◽

pp. 26-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Andrew G. Couch ◽

Nick Eyles

Keyword(s):

Northwest Territories ◽

Glacial Lake ◽

Sedimentary Record ◽

Freshwater Forcing

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Stratigraphic evidence for multiple drainings of glacial Lake Missoula along the Clark Fork River, Montana, USA

Quaternary Research ◽

10.1016/j.yqres.2006.05.009 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 66 (2) ◽

pp. 311-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Larry N. Smith

Keyword(s):

High Volume ◽

High Energy ◽

Glacial Lake ◽

Last Glacial ◽

Lacustrine Deposits ◽

Clark Fork River ◽

Gravel Bars ◽

Northwest Montana ◽

Lake Drainage ◽

The Last Glacial

AbstractGlacial Lake Missoula, a source of Channeled Scabland flood waters, inundated valleys of northwest Montana to altitudes of ∼ 1265 m and to depths of >600 m, as evidenced by shorelines and silty lacustrine deposits. This study describes previously unrecognized catastrophic lake-drainage deposits that lie stratigraphically beneath the glacial-lake silts. The unconsolidated gravelly flood alluvium contains imbricated boulder-sized clasts, cross-stratified gravel with slip-face heights of 2–> 35 m, and 70- to 100-m-high gravel bars which all indicate a high-energy, high-volume alluvial environment. Gravel bars and high scablands were formed by catastrophic draining of one or possibly more early, high lake stands (1200–1265 m). Most glacial-lake silt, such as the Ninemile section, was deposited stratigraphically above the earlier deposits, represents a lower lake stand(s) (1050–1150 m), and was not deposited in lake(s) responsible for the highest discharge events. The glaciolacustrine silt-covered benches are incised by relict networks of valleys formed during the drainage of the last glacial lake. Significant erosion associated with the last lake draining was confined to the inner Clark Fork River canyon.

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