scholarly journals Infectious diseases associated with molluscan shellfish consumption.

1994 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
S R Rippey
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Treatment Procedures

A history of shellfish-vectored illnesses (i.e., those associated with consumption of clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops) occurring in the past nine decades is presented. Typhoid fever was a significant public health problem among consumers of raw molluscan shellfish earlier in this century. The development of more effective sewage treatment procedures and the institution of a national program following these outbreaks led to a series of measures which eventually eliminated shellfish-associated typhoid fever. Present-day problems associated with this food source still involve some wastewaterborne bacterial illnesses. However, the principal public health concerns are with wastewater-derived viral pathogens and with bacterial agents of an environmental origin. The nature, occurrence, and magnitude of these public health problems are described.

Green tea polyphenols prevent lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory liver injury in mice by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 3898-3908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongxu Wang ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Taotao Wang ◽  
Min Cai ◽  
Frank Qian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Liver Diseases ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Green Tea Polyphenols ◽  
Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome Activation ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

Inflammatory liver diseases present a significant public health problem.

Moped Collisions among Patients with Revoked Drivers’ Licenses are a Significant Public Health Problem: A Retrospective Cohort Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 792-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin M. Braun ◽  
Lynn M. Gries ◽  
Amy N. Hildreth ◽  
Anna N. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Risk Behavior ◽  
Driving While Intoxicated ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Level I

Many states do not require a license to operate a moped, defined as a motor vehicle with less than 50-cc engine displacement. These vehicles may therefore serve as a mode of transportation for those who are driving without a license and who may have a history of prior high-risk behavior. We hypothesized that those involved in moped collisions were more likely to have previous convictions for driving while intoxicated (DWI) and other non-DWI offenses than those on conventional motorcycles. At a Level I trauma center, we queried the trauma registry from January 2005 to October 2010 for admissions after motorcycle or moped collisions. Classification of mechanism of injury was verified through chart review. Corrections databases from our state were then reviewed for previous convictions for DWI and other offenses. One thousand seventy-three patients over the study period were involved in motorcycle or moped collisions; 94 were from another state. Of the patients identified from our state, 249 had moped collisions and 730 had motorcycle collisions. Forty-nine per cent (121) of moped drivers had a history of DWI versus only 8 per cent (56) of motorcycle drivers ( P ≤ 0.05). Sixty-four per cent (161) of moped drivers were previously convicted of a crime versus 20 per cent (146) of those on motorcycles ( P ≤ 0.05). Moped drivers were significantly more likely to have a prior conviction of DWI as well as prior convictions of other crimes, establishing a pattern of disregard for the law. The use of these vehicles without a license likely presents a risk to public safety. Legislation to require licensing before moped operation should be considered.

scholarly journals Sero-evaluation of Immune Responses to Vibrio cholerae in a Postelimination Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai The Diep ◽  
Owen Jensen ◽  
Nguyen Van Thuong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Ngoc Nhi ◽  
Nguyen Ngoc Anh Thu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Specific Antibody ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Southern Vietnam ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Clinical Surveillance ◽  
Blood Spot

Abstract Cholera remains a significant public health problem worldwide. In settings of declining incidence, serosurveillance may be used to augment clinical surveillance. We utilized dried blood spot sampling and cholera-specific antibody testing to examine the serologic profiles of vaccinated and unvaccinated children in southern Vietnam, where cholera was recently eliminated.

scholarly journals Patient Perception of Ideal Body Weight and the Effect of Body Mass Index

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rozhin Naghshizadian ◽  
Amir A. Rahnemai-Azar ◽  
Kruthi Kella ◽  
Michael M. Weber ◽  
Marius L. Calin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Education Of Patients ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Obesity Prevention Programs

Objective. Despite much effort, obesity remains a significant public health problem. One of the main contributing factors is patients’ perception of their target ideal body weight. This study aimed to assess this perception.Methods. The study took place in an urban area, with the majority of participants in the study being Hispanic (65.7%) or African-American (28.0%). Patients presented to an outpatient clinic were surveyed regarding their ideal body weight and their ideal BMI calculated. Subsequently they were classified into different categories based on their actual measured BMI. Their responses for ideal BMI were compared.Results. In 254 surveys, mean measured BMI was 31.71 ± 8.01. Responses to ideal BMI had a range of 18.89–38.15 with a mean of 25.96 ± 3.25. Mean (±SD) ideal BMI for patients with a measured BMI of <18.5, 18.5–24.9, 25–29.9, and ≥30 was 20.14 ± 1.46, 23.11 ± 1.68, 25.69 ± 2.19, and 27.22 ± 3.31, respectively. These differences were highly significant (P<0.001, ANOVA).Conclusions. Most patients had an inflated sense of their target ideal body weight. Patients with higher measured BMI had higher target numbers for their ideal BMI. Better education of patients is critical for obesity prevention programs.

scholarly journals Arthritis and Benznidazole: More Closely Related than We Thought

2014 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 727-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aldasoro ◽  
M. J. Pinazo ◽  
I. Oliveira ◽  
J. Munoz ◽  
E. Posada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Rare Side Effect ◽  
Significant Public Health

ABSTRACTChagas disease is a parasitic infection that leads to a significant public health problem in countries where the disease is endemic and where it is nonendemic. Benznidazole is the most commonly used drug for the etiological treatment of Chagas disease. Patients treated with benznidazole suffer frequent adverse drug reactions. Although arthralgia is common, arthritis has been reported as a very rare side effect. The objective of this study was to describe arthritis in a cohort ofTrypanosoma cruzi-infected patients treated with benznidazole.

Superwarfarin poisoning: A significant public health problem

1994 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan E. Rauch ◽  
Richard Weininger ◽  
Donald Pasquale ◽  
Peter T. Burkart ◽  
Harry G. Dunn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

scholarly journals What about the other 50 percent of the Canadian population? Food allergies ignored in national policy plan

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-289
Author(s):  
Susan Elliott ◽  
Francesca Cardwell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Food Allergy ◽  
Research Policy ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Food Allergies ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

Food allergy is a growing public health epidemic in Canada, affecting 50 percent of Canadian households either directly or indirectly. Despite the physical, psychosocial and quality of life impacts to those affected, food allergy has recently been ignored in the Canadian policy context. While the complete etiology of food allergy remains unknown, we have enough information to make strong policy choices that can maximize choice and minimize risk for affected Canadians, and place Canada at the forefront of food allergy management and research. Policy recognizing food allergy as a chronic health issue that represents a significant public health problem in Canada is critical.

scholarly journals Editorial: A Review of Micronutrients and the Immune System—Working in Harmony to Reduce the Risk of Infection

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4180
Author(s):  
Ascensión Marcos
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Risk Of Infection ◽  
Recent Memory ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health

The emergence of the SARS-CoV virus in December 2019 saw the beginning of an unprecedented pandemic that represents the most significant public health problem in recent memory [...]

scholarly journals High prevalence rates of antibody to three sandfly fever viruses (Sicilian, Naples and Toscana) among Cypriots

1991 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Eitrem ◽  
M. Stylianou ◽  
B. Niklasson
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Antibody Prevalence ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Significant Public Health Problem ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Antibody Levels

SUMMARYNeutralizing antibodies to sandfly fever Naples, sandfly fever Sicilian and Toscana viruses were investigated among 479 sera collected from a normal human population in Cyprus. Antibody prevalence rates of 57%, 32% and 20% were found to Naples, Sicilian and Toscana viruses, respectively. The observed frequency of dual and triple infections was higher than would be expected with a random chance of infection. Antibody prevalence rates were similar for men and women for all three viruses tested, but one of two study sites had significantly higher antibody prevalence to Naples and Sicilian viruses than the other. Individuals with antibodies to both Naples and Toscana viruses had higher antibody levels to Naples virus than those with antibodies to Naples virus only. If the antibody prevalence rates found in this study reflect a history of clinical disease as described in the literature, sandfly fever poses a significant public health problem in Cyprus.

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