scholarly journals Detection of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Type 1 M184V and K103N Minority Variants in Patients with Primary HIV Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 1670-1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Toni ◽  
Eugene L. Asahchop ◽  
Daniela Moisi ◽  
Michel Ntemgwa ◽  
Maureen Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Minority Species ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Hiv Type 1

ABSTRACTWe used an allele-specific real-time PCR assay to explore the presence of K103N and M184V minority species among primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and their potential influence in HIV transmission. Thirty randomly chosen antiretroviral drug-naive patients lacking both the K103N and the M184V mutations as determined by conventional sequencing methods were studied, and K103N and M184V viral minority species were found in three (10%) and four (11%) patients, respectively.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Entry in Cells Expressing gp41-Derived Peptides

2004 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 568-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Egelhofer ◽  
Gunda Brandenburg ◽  
Holger Martinius ◽  
Patricia Schult-Dietrich ◽  
Gregory Melikyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Heptad Repeat ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Transmembrane Glycoprotein ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Maximal Expression

ABSTRACT As the limitations of antiretroviral drug therapy, such as toxicity and resistance, become evident, interest in alternative therapeutic approaches for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is growing. We developed the first gene therapeutic strategy targeting entry of a broad range of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) variants. Infection was inhibited at the level of membrane fusion by retroviral expression of a membrane-anchored peptide derived from the second heptad repeat of the HIV-1 gp41 transmembrane glycoprotein. To achieve maximal expression and antiviral activity, the peptide itself, the scaffold for presentation of the peptide on the cell surface, and the retroviral vector backbone were optimized. This optimized construct effectively inhibited virus replication in cell lines and primary blood lymphocytes. The membrane-anchored C-peptide was also shown to bind to free gp41 N peptides, suggesting that membrane-anchored antiviral C peptides have a mode of action similar to that of free gp41 C peptides. Preclinical toxicity and efficacy studies of this antiviral vector have been completed, and clinical trials are in preparation.

scholarly journals Development of an Allele-Specific PCR for Detection of the K65R Resistance Mutation in Patients Infected with Subtype C Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 907-911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Toni ◽  
Bluma G. Brenner ◽  
Eugene L. Asahchop ◽  
Michel Ntemgwa ◽  
Daniella Moisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Subtype C ◽  
Subtype B ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Minority Species ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACTThe selection of drug-resistant variants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is an impediment to the efficiency of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. We have developed an allele-specific real-time PCR assay to explore the presence of K65R minority species among treated HIV-1 subtype B and C infections. Thirty HIV-1 subtype C- and 26 subtype B-infected patients lacking K65R as determined by conventional sequencing methods were studied, and viral minority species were found in four HIV-1 subtype C samples.

scholarly journals Inhibition of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Entry by a Binding Domain of Porphyromonas gingivalis Gingipain

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 3070-3074 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Xie ◽  
Natalya I. Belogortseva ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Wei-Hong Lai ◽  
Chin-ho Chen
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Immunoglobulin A ◽  
Oral Transmission ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Inhibitory Agents ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission through saliva is extremely low. Several oral components, including secretory immunoglobulin A and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, are known as potential inhibitory agents of HIV oral transmission. Here we examined anti-HIV activity of oral bacterial components. We showed that recombinant protein HGP44 derived from Porphyromonas gingivalis, one of the primary infectious agents of periodontitis, was capable of inhibiting HIV type 1 (HIV-1) replication. HGP44 bound specifically to HIV-1 gp120 and blocked HIV-1 envelope-mediated membrane fusion. These findings suggest that HGP44 of P. gingivalis can inhibit HIV-1 infection by blocking HIV-1 entry.

Molecular Evidence for Nosocomial Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus from a Surgeon to One of His Patients

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 4537-4540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Blanchard ◽  
Stéphane Ferris ◽  
Sophie Chamaret ◽  
Denise Guétard ◽  
Luc Montagnier
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Pcr Amplification ◽  
Nosocomial Transmission ◽  
Molecular Evidence ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Reference Sequences ◽  
Hiv Type 1 ◽  
Viral Sequences

ABSTRACT We have investigated the molecular evidence in favor of the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from an HIV-infected surgeon to one of his patients. After PCR amplification, theenv and gag sequences from the viral genome were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the viral sequences derived from the surgeon and his patient are closely related, which strongly suggests that nosocomial transmission occurred. In addition, these viral sequences belong to group M of HIV type 1 but are divergent from the reference sequences of the known subtypes.

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