scholarly journals Regional Resistance Surveillance Program Results for 12 Asia-Pacific Nations (2011)

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 5721-5726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo E. Mendes ◽  
Myrna Mendoza ◽  
Kirnpal K. Banga Singh ◽  
Mariana Castanheira ◽  
Jan M. Bell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTThe Regional Resistance Surveillance program monitored susceptibility rates and developing resistance by geographic region, including 12 Asia-Pacific (APAC) countries. Reference broth microdilution methods for susceptibility/interpretations were applied, processing 5,053 strains. AmongStaphylococcus aureusisolates (37% methicillin-resistantS. aureus[MRSA], highest in South Korea [73%]), linezolid (LZD), tigecycline (TIG), and vancomycin were 100% active, but 33 and 34% of strains were levofloxacin (LEV) or macrolide resistant, respectively.Streptococcus pneumoniaewas most resistant to β-lactams and macrolides (45%) but was LZD, LEV, and TIG susceptible (>98%). Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) phenotype rates inEscherichia coliandKlebsiellaspp. were 48 and 47%, respectively, and were highest in Taiwan, at 75 to 91%. The best anti-ESBL-phenotype agents were amikacin (81 to 96% susceptible), colistin (COL; >98%), TIG (>98%), and carbapenems (81 to 97%).Pseudomonas aeruginosashowed ≥20% resistance to all drugs except COL (99% susceptible). In conclusion, endemic evolving antimicrobial resistances in APAC nations show compromised roles for many commonly used antimicrobials.

scholarly journals Ceftaroline Activity against Bacterial Pathogens Frequently Isolated in U.S. Medical Centers: Results from Five Years of the AWARE Surveillance Program

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 2458-2461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helio S. Sader ◽  
Robert K. Flamm ◽  
Jennifer M. Streit ◽  
David J. Farrell ◽  
Ronald N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacterial Pathogens ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Broth Microdilution ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Medical Centers ◽  
Resistant Strains

ABSTRACTA total of 84,704 isolates were collected from 191 medical centers in 2009 to 2013 and tested for susceptibility to ceftaroline and comparator agents by broth microdilution methods. Ceftaroline inhibited allStaphylococcus aureusisolates at ≤2 μg/ml and was very active against methicillin-resistant strains (MIC at which 90% of the isolates tested are inhibited [MIC90], 1 μg/ml; 97.6% susceptible). AmongStreptococcus pneumoniaeisolates, the highest ceftaroline MIC was 0.5 μg/ml, and ceftaroline activity against the most commonEnterobacteriaceaespecies (MIC50, 0.12 μg/ml; 78.9% susceptible) was similar to that of ceftriaxone (MIC50, ≤0.25 μg/ml; 86.8% susceptible).

Một số đặc điểm kháng kháng sinh nhóm Beta-lactam của vi khuẩn tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Quốc tế Hải Phòng, năm 2018 - 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Thị Thu Phương ◽  
Trần Thị Ngân ◽  
Ngô Thị Quỳnh Mai
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Beta Lactam

Nghiên cứu đã tiến hành phân tích kết quả xét nghiệm của 4722 mẫu bệnh phẩm vi sinh tại bệnh viện Đa khoa Quốc tế Hải Phòng từ năm 2018 đến năm 2020 nhằm mô tả một số đặc điểm kháng kháng sinh nhóm beta-lactam của một số vi khuẩn điển hình. Qua phân tích nhóm nghiên cứu thấy các vi khuẩn chủ yếu phân lập được là Escherichia coli (26,2%), Staphylococcus aureus (12,5%), và Haemophilus influenzae (8,6%). Vi khuẩn Escherichia coli kháng kháng sinh nhóm Beta-lactam với tỷ lệ khá cao (từ 1% (Imipenem) đến 29% (cefuroxime)). Tuy nhiên, vi khuẩn Streptococcus pneumoniae còn nhạy cảm với nhóm kháng sinh này với tỷ lệ kháng là 0%. Cefuroxime là kháng sinh có tỷ lệ bị kháng cao nhất với 42,7%. Các chủngvi khuẩn tại bệnh viện còn khá nhạy cảm với các kháng sinh thuộc nhóm carbapenem với tỷ lệ kháng thấp. Trong đó vi khuẩn là Acinetobacter baumannii và Pseudomonas aeruginosa có tỉ lệ kháng kháng sinh nhóm này từ 4,2% đến 5,2%. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã cung cấp dữ liệu về tính đề kháng kháng sinh betalactam của các vi khuẩn điển hình tại bệnh viện nhằm hỗ trợ các bác sĩ trong việc lựa chọn và sử dụng kháng sinh an toàn và hiệu quả

scholarly journals In VitroActivity of Ceftaroline against Staphylococcus aureus Isolated in 2012 from Asia-Pacific Countries as Part of the AWARE Surveillance Program

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 343-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas J. Biedenbach ◽  
Richard A. Alm ◽  
Sushmita D. Lahiri ◽  
Edina Reiszner ◽  
Daryl J. Hoban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Sequence Type ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ceftaroline Fosamil ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Susceptibility Data

ABSTRACTCeftaroline, the active metabolite of the prodrug ceftaroline-fosamil, is an advanced-generation cephalosporin with activity against methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA). This investigation providesin vitrosusceptibility data for ceftaroline against 1,971S. aureusisolates collected in 2012 from seven countries (26 centers) in the Asia-Pacific region as part of the Assessing Worldwide Antimicrobial Resistance and Evaluation (AWARE) program. Broth microdilution as recommended by the CLSI was used to determine susceptibility. In all, 62% of the isolates studied were MRSA, and the ceftaroline MIC90for allS. aureusisolates was 2 μg/ml (interpretive criteria: susceptible, ≤1 μg/ml). The overall ceftaroline susceptibility rate forS. aureuswas 86.9%, with 100% of methicillin-sensitiveS. aureusisolates and 78.8% of MRSA isolates susceptible to this agent. The highest percentages of ceftaroline-nonsusceptible MRSA isolates came from China (47.6%), all of which showed intermediate susceptibility, and Thailand (37.1%), where over half (52.8%) of isolates were resistant to ceftaroline (MIC, 4 μg/ml). Thirty-eight ceftaroline-nonsusceptible isolates (MIC values of 2 to 4 μg/ml) were selected for molecular characterization. Among the isolates analyzed, sequence type 5 (ST-5) was the most common sequence type encountered; however, all isolates analyzed from Thailand were ST-228. Penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) substitution patterns varied by country, but all isolates from Thailand had the Glu239Lys substitution, and 12 of these also carried an additional Glu447Lys substitution. Ceftaroline-fosamil is a useful addition to the antimicrobial agents that can be used to treatS. aureusinfections. However, with the capability of this species to develop resistance to new agents, it is important to recognize and monitor regional differences in trends as they emerge.

Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity of Euphorbia altotibetica

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
Ai Mei Yang ◽  
Xiao Long Shi ◽  
Jie Li Liu ◽  
Lin Yang ◽  
Yun Men
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Etoac Extract

Five compounds were isolated from the EtOAc extract of Euphorbia altotibetica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated as: β-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2), chrysophanol (3), (-)-epiafzelechin (4), 5,2-dihydroxy-7,8,6-trimethoxyflavanone (5) by NMR datas, the antibacterial activity of all compounds were examined on five species of bacteria Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus licheniformis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Methionine Limitation Impairs Pathogen Expansion and Biofilm Formation Capacity

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Jochim ◽  
T. Shi ◽  
D. Belikova ◽  
S. Schwarz ◽  
A. Peschel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Human Serum ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Biosynthesis Pathway ◽  
Methionine Biosynthesis ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTMultidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens are becoming increasingly prevalent, and novel strategies to treat bacterial infections caused by these organisms are desperately needed. Bacterial central metabolism is crucial for catabolic processes and provides precursors for anabolic pathways, such as the biosynthesis of essential biomolecules like amino acids or vitamins. However, most essential pathways are not regarded as good targets for antibiotic therapy since their products might be acquired from the environment. This issue raises doubts about the essentiality of such targets during infection. A putative target in bacterial anabolism is the methionine biosynthesis pathway. In contrast to humans, almost all bacteria carry methionine biosynthesis pathways which have often been suggested as putative targets for novel anti-infectives. While the growth of methionine auxotrophic strains can be stimulated by exogenous methionine, the extracellular concentrations required by most bacterial species are unknown. Furthermore, several phenotypic characteristics of methionine auxotrophs are only partly reversed by exogenous methionine. We investigated methionine auxotrophic mutants ofStaphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andEscherichia coli(all differing in methionine biosynthesis enzymes) and found that each needed concentrations of exogenous methionine far exceeding that reported for human serum (∼30 µM). Accordingly, these methionine auxotrophs showed a reduced ability to proliferate in human serum. Additionally,S. aureusandP. aeruginosamethionine auxotrophs were significantly impaired in their ability to form and maintain biofilms. Altogether, our data show intrinsic defects of methionine auxotrophs. This result suggests that the pathway should be considered for further studies validating the therapeutic potential of inhibitors.IMPORTANCENew antibiotics that attack novel targets are needed to circumvent widespread resistance to conventional drugs. Bacterial anabolic pathways, such as the enzymes for biosynthesis of the essential amino acid methionine, have been proposed as potential targets. However, the eligibility of enzymes in these pathways as drug targets is unclear because metabolites might be acquired from the environment to overcome inhibition. We investigated the nutritional needs of methionine auxotrophs of the pathogensStaphylococcus aureus,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andEscherichia coli. We found that each auxotrophic strain retained a growth disadvantage at methionine concentrations mimicking those availablein vivoand showed that biofilm biomass was strongly influenced by endogenous methionine biosynthesis. Our experiments suggest that inhibition of the methionine biosynthesis pathway has deleterious effects even in the presence of external methionine. Therefore, additional efforts to validate the effects of methionine biosynthesis inhibitorsin vivoare warranted.

scholarly journals Silver Oxynitrate, an Unexplored Silver Compound with Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 4031-4039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe A. Lemire ◽  
Lindsay Kalan ◽  
Alexandru Bradu ◽  
Raymond J. Turner
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiofilm Activity ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Silver Compound ◽  
Therapeutic Compound

ABSTRACTHistorically it has been accepted, and recent research has established, that silver (Ag) is an efficacious antimicrobial agent. A dwindling pipeline of new antibiotics, combined with an increase in the number of antibiotic-resistant infections, is bringing Ag to the fore as a therapeutic compound to treat infectious diseases. Currently, many formulations of Ag are being deployed for commercial and medical purposes, with various degrees of effectiveness at killing microbial cells. Here, we evaluated the antimicrobial and antibiofilm capacity of our lead compound, silver oxynitrate [Ag(Ag3O4)2NO3or Ag7NO11], against other metal compounds with documented antimicrobial activity, including Ag2SO4, AgNO3, silver sulfadiazine (AgSD), AgO, Ag2O, and CuSO4. Our findings reveal that Ag7NO11eradicates biofilm and planktonic populations ofPseudomonas aeruginosa,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC), fluoroquinolone-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosa(FQRP), and methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MRSA) at lower concentrations than those of the other tested metal salts. Altogether, our results demonstrate that Ag7NO11has an enhanced efficacy for the treatment of biofilm-forming pathogens.

scholarly journals No Decrease in Susceptibility to NVC-422 in Multiple-Passage Studies with Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2753-2755 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa D'Lima ◽  
Lisa Friedman ◽  
Lu Wang ◽  
Ping Xu ◽  
Mark Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Fusidic Acid ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Cross Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains

ABSTRACTTwenty-five serial passages ofEscherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa, andStaphylococcus aureusand 50 passages of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusresulted in no significant increase in NVC-422 MICs, while ciprofloxacin MICs increased 256-fold forE. coliand 32-fold forP. aeruginosaandS. aureus. Mupirocin, fusidic acid, and retapamulin MICs for MRSA increased 64-, 256-, and 16-fold, respectively. No cross-resistance to NVC-422 was observed with mupirocin-, fusidic acid-, and retapamulin-resistant strains.

scholarly journals Linezolid Surveillance Results for the United States (LEADER Surveillance Program 2014)

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 2273-2280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Flamm ◽  
Rodrigo E. Mendes ◽  
Patricia A. Hogan ◽  
Jennifer M. Streit ◽  
James E. Ross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Ribosomal Proteins ◽  
The United States ◽  
23S Rrna ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mrsa Strains ◽  
Viridans Group Streptococci

ABSTRACTThelinezolidexperience andaccuratedetermination ofresistance (LEADER) surveillance program has monitored linezolid activity, spectrum, and resistance since 2004. In 2014, a total of 6,865 Gram-positive pathogens from 60 medical centers from 36 states were submitted. The organism groups evaluated wereStaphylococcus aureus(3,106), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS; 797), enterococci (855),Streptococcus pneumoniae(874), viridans group streptococci (359), and beta-hemolytic streptococci (874). Susceptibility testing was performed by reference broth microdilution at the monitoring laboratory. Linezolid-resistant isolates were confirmed by repeat testing. PCR and sequencing were performed to detect mutations in 23S rRNA, L3, L4, and L22 proteins and acquired genes (cfrandoptrA). The MIC50/90forStaphylococcus aureuswas 1/1 μg/ml, with 47.2% of isolates being methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus. Linezolid was active against allStreptococcus pneumoniaestrains and beta-hemolytic streptococci with a MIC50/90of 1/1 μg/ml and against viridans group streptococci with a MIC50/90of 0.5/1 μg/ml. Among the linezolid-nonsusceptible MRSA strains, one strain harboredcfronly (MIC, 4 μg/ml), one harbored G2576T (MIC, 8 μg/ml), and one containedcfrand G2576T with L3 changes (MIC, ≥8 μg/ml). Among CoNS, 0.75% (six isolates) of all strains demonstrated linezolid MIC results of ≥4 μg/ml. Five of these were identified asStaphylococcus epidermidis, four of which containedcfrin addition to the presence of mutations in the ribosomal proteins L3 and L4, alone or in combination with 23S rRNA (G2576T) mutations. Six enterococci (0.7%) were linezolid nonsusceptible (≥4 μg/ml; five with G2576T mutations, including one with an additionalcfrgene, and one strain withoptrAonly). Linezolid demonstrated excellent activity and a sustained susceptibility rate of 99.78% overall.

scholarly journals Isolation, Whole-Genome Sequencing, and Annotation of Three Unclassified Antibiotic-Producing Bacteria, Enterobacter sp. Strain RIT 637, Pseudomonas sp. Strain RIT 778, and Deinococcus sp. Strain RIT 780

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (48) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marissa N. Schroeter ◽  
Safiya J. Gazali ◽  
Anutthaman Parthasarathy ◽  
Crista B. Wadsworth ◽  
Renata Rezende Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Whole Genome Sequencing ◽  
Genome Sequencing ◽  
Disk Diffusion ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Content Type

We report the isolation, whole-genome sequencing, and annotation of Enterobacter sp. strain RIT 637, Pseudomonas sp. strain RIT 778, and Deinococcus sp. strain RIT 780. Disk diffusion assays using spent medium demonstrated that all bacteria produced bactericidal compounds against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923.

scholarly journals Actividad antimicrobiana de cuatro variedades de plantas frente a patógenos de importancia clínica en Colombia

Nova ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (27) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Nicolás Rodríguez Pava ◽  
Andrés Gabriel Zarate Sanabria ◽  
Ligia Consuelo Sánchez Leal
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Eichhornia Crassipes ◽  
Enterobacter Cloacae ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Providencia Rettgeri

<p>Objetivo. Evaluar la actividad antimicrobiana de los extractos de las plantas Bauhinia sp., Sambucus nigra, Eichhornia crassipes y Taraxacum officinale frente a patógenos de importancia clínica. Método. La metodología incluyó la adquisición, secado, maceración, molienda, preparación de los extractos crudos etanólicos y concentración por rotaevaporación, análisis fitoquimico y se<br />separaron las fracciones por cromatografía en capa fina. Las pruebas antimicrobianas se realizaron con diferentes concentraciones de los extractos según las indicaciones de Clinical and Laboratory Standars Institute. Los microorganismos utilizados fueron Enterococcus faecium resistente a<br />vancomicina, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Klebsiella pneumoniae con presencia de KPC, Providencia rettgeri con presencia de ESBLs, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus β-lisina y Candida albicans. Resultados. Las cromatografías permitieron comprobar la presencia de flavonoides, terpenos, saponinas, fenoles, quinonas y alcaloides que han<br />sido reportados con actividad antimicrobiana. En los ensayos de susceptibilidad antimicrobiana se encontró que los extractos presentaban diversos grados de inhibición frente a los microrganismos de estudio, siendo el más eficaz los tallos de T. officinale. Conclusión. Se puede concluir que los extractos vegetales podrían ser una alternativa de tratamiento para infecciones nosocomiales.</p>

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