scholarly journals Valence and patterning of aromatic residues determine the phase behavior of prion-like domains

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (6478) ◽  
pp. 694-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik W. Martin ◽  
Alex S. Holehouse ◽  
Ivan Peran ◽  
Mina Farag ◽  
J. Jeremias Incicco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Multiscale Simulations ◽  
Sequence Feature ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Aromatic Residues ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Biophysical Approach ◽  
Liquid Liquid Phase Separation

Prion-like domains (PLDs) can drive liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in cells. Using an integrative biophysical approach that includes nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, small-angle x-ray scattering, and multiscale simulations, we have uncovered sequence features that determine the overall phase behavior of PLDs. We show that the numbers (valence) of aromatic residues in PLDs determine the extent of temperature-dependent compaction of individual molecules in dilute solutions. The valence of aromatic residues also determines full binodals that quantify concentrations of PLDs within coexisting dilute and dense phases as a function of temperature. We also show that uniform patterning of aromatic residues is a sequence feature that promotes LLPS while inhibiting aggregation. Our findings lead to the development of a numerical stickers-and-spacers model that enables predictions of full binodals of PLDs from their sequences.

scholarly journals Dynamic electron correlations with charge order wavelength along all directions in the copper oxide plane

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Boschini ◽  
M. Minola ◽  
R. Sutarto ◽  
E. Schierle ◽  
M. Bluschke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Order ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Coulomb Interactions ◽  
Static Charge ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Circular Pattern ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Plane Direction ◽  
Vector Magnitude

AbstractIn strongly correlated systems the strength of Coulomb interactions between electrons, relative to their kinetic energy, plays a central role in determining their emergent quantum mechanical phases. We perform resonant x-ray scattering on Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ, a prototypical cuprate superconductor, to probe electronic correlations within the CuO2 plane. We discover a dynamic quasi-circular pattern in the x-y scattering plane with a radius that matches the wave vector magnitude of the well-known static charge order. Along with doping- and temperature-dependent measurements, our experiments reveal a picture of charge order competing with superconductivity where short-range domains along x and y can dynamically rotate into any other in-plane direction. This quasi-circular spectrum, a hallmark of Brazovskii-type fluctuations, has immediate consequences to our understanding of rotational and translational symmetry breaking in the cuprates. We discuss how the combination of short- and long-range Coulomb interactions results in an effective non-monotonic potential that may determine the quasi-circular pattern.

Temperature-dependent small-angle x-ray scattering from poly(vinylidene fluoride)

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (10) ◽  
pp. 5508 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Schultz ◽  
J. S. Lin ◽  
R. W. Hendricks ◽  
R. R. Lagasse ◽  
R. G. Kepler
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Ray Scattering

Thermotropic behavior of sodium cholesteryl carbonate

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabkwan Chuealee ◽  
Timothy S. Wiedmann ◽  
Teerapol Srichana
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Chemical Structure ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Wave Number ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
C Nmr

Sodium cholesteryl carbonate ester (SCC) was synthesized, and its phase behavior was studied. The chemical structure was assessed by solid-state infrared spectroscopy based on vibration analysis. The wave number at 1705 and 1276 cm−1 corresponds to a carbonyl carbonate and O–C–O stretching of SCC, respectively. Molecular structure of SCC was further investigated with 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The chemical shift, for the carbonyl carbonate resonance appeared at 155.5 ppm. A molecular mass of SCC was at m/z of 452. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), video-enhanced microscopy (VEM) together with polarized light microscopy, and small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS) were used to characterize the phase behavior as a function of temperature of SCC. Liquid crystalline phase was formed with SCC. Based on the thermal properties and x-ray diffraction, it appears that SCC forms a structure analogous to the type II monolayer structure observed with cholesterol esters.

Morphological basis for the complex melting behaviour of isotactic polystyrene

e-Polymers ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Al-Hussein ◽  
Gert Strobl
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Melting Behaviour ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Molten Material ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Isotactic Polystyrene ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Period ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractTemperature-dependent small-angle X-ray scattering spectroscopy of isothermally cold crystallized isotactic polystyrene revealed considerable morphological reorganization during subsequent heating to the melt. Both the crystalline thickness and the long period increased continuously with increasing temperature before the samples finally melted. The temperature dependence of these changes correlated very well with the melting behaviour observed with differential scanning calorimetry. As the temperature increased during a heating scan, the initial lamellae that formed during isothermal crystallization showed only little reorganization until they started to melt. Then, the molten material recrystallized continuously into increasingly thicker lamellae at increasing temperature until they finally melted. As the crystallization temperature approached the final melting temperature of the recrystallized lamellae, the initial lamellae melted without further recrystallization and no morphological changes were seen in this case.

Effect of PIP2 on Bilayer Structure and Phase Behavior of DOPC: An X-ray Scattering Study

ChemPhysChem ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2633-2640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajal Kumar Ghosh ◽  
Sebastian Aeffner ◽  
Tim Salditt
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Bilayer Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Scattering Study ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals Synchrotron and Raman Study of the Rotator Phases and Polymorphism in Tricosane Paraffin

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1341
Author(s):  
Enrique Blázquez-Blázquez ◽  
Rosa Barranco-García ◽  
María L. Cerrada ◽  
Juan C. Martínez ◽  
Ernesto Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Variable Temperature ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Frequency Region ◽  
Time Variable ◽  
Wide Angle ◽  
Multistage Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Raman Study

A detailed study of the phase behavior of n-paraffin C23H48 has been performed by means of real-time variable-temperature experiments with synchrotron radiation. Two detectors were employed for simultaneous analysis of the small-angle (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray-scattering (WAXS) regions. This paraffin presents a very interesting phase behavior, involving two crystal polymorphs, three rotator phases and the liquid state. The Ostwald rule of stages is invoked to find similarities of the rotator phases with the eventual transient mesomorphic structure in the multistage model of polymer crystallization. That study is complemented by variable-temperature Raman experiments covering frequencies down to 150 cm−1. It was found that the low-frequency region is the most informative regarding the phase transitions, and specifically the intensity of the first overtone. From these analyses, several parameters are evaluated as function of temperature.

scholarly journals Supramolecular Dimerization in a Polymer Melt from Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and Rheology: A Miscible Model System

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 880
Author(s):  
Mariapaola Staropoli ◽  
Margarita Kruteva ◽  
Jürgen Allgaier ◽  
Andreas Wischnewski ◽  
Wim Pyckhout-Hintzen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

We present a structural and dynamic study on the simplest supramolecular hetero-association, recently investigated by the authors to prepare architectural homogeneous structures in the melt state, based on the bio-inspired hydrogen-bonding of thymine/diaminotriazine (thy–DAT) base-pairs. In the combination with an amorphous low Tg poly(butylene oxide) (PBO), no micellar structures are formed, which is expected for nonpolar polymers because of noncompatibility with the highly polar supramolecular groups. Instead, a clear polymer-like transient architecture is retrieved. This makes the heterocomplementary thy–DAT association an ideal candidate for further exploitation of the hydrogen-bonding ability in the bulk for self-healing purposes, damage management in rubbers or even the development of easily processable branched polymers with built-in plasticizer. In the present work, we investigate the temperature range from Tg + 20 °C to Tg + 150 °C of an oligomeric PBO using small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and linear rheology on the pure thy and pure DAT monofunctionals and on an equimolar mixture of thy/DAT oligomers. The linear rheology performed at low temperature is found to correspond to fully closed-state dimeric configurations. At intermediate temperatures, SAXS probes the equilibrium between open and closed states of the thy–DAT mixtures. The temperature-dependent association constant in the full range between open and closed H-bonds and an enhancement of the monomeric friction coefficient due to the groups is obtained. The thy–DAT association in the melt is more stable than the DAT–DAT, whereas the thy–thy association seems to involve additional long-lived interactions.

Temperature dependent inelastic X-ray scattering of synchrotron radiation on myoglobin analyzed by the Mössbauer effect

1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Achterhold ◽  
C. Keppler ◽  
U. van Bürck ◽  
W. Potzel ◽  
P. Schindelmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Mössbauer Effect ◽  
Mossbauer Effect ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering

scholarly journals Phase Behavior of DPPC in a DNA−Calcium−Zwitterionic Lipid Complex Studied by Small-Angle X-ray Scattering

Langmuir ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 19 (23) ◽  
pp. 9630-9637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. McManus ◽  
Joachim O. Rädler ◽  
Kenneth A. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Lipid Complex ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Ray Scattering
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