scholarly journals Probing the chemistry of CdS paints in The Scream by in situ noninvasive spectroscopies and synchrotron radiation x-ray techniques

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. eaay3514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Monico ◽  
Laura Cartechini ◽  
Francesca Rosi ◽  
Annalisa Chieli ◽  
Chiara Grazia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Internal Factors ◽  
Cadmium Sulfate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Secondary Reactions ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
Oil Paints

The degradation of cadmium sulfide (CdS)–based oil paints is a phenomenon potentially threatening the iconic painting The Scream (ca. 1910) by Edvard Munch (Munch Museum, Oslo) that is still poorly understood. Here, we provide evidence for the presence of cadmium sulfate and sulfites as alteration products of the original CdS-based paint and explore the external circumstances and internal factors causing this transformation. Macroscale in situ noninvasive spectroscopy studies of the painting in combination with synchrotron-radiation x-ray microspectroscopy investigations of a microsample and artificially aged mock-ups show that moisture and mobile chlorine compounds are key factors for promoting the oxidation of CdS, while light (photodegradation) plays a less important role. Furthermore, under exposure to humidity, parallel/secondary reactions involving dissolution, migration through the paint, and recrystallization of water-soluble phases of the paint are associated with the formation of cadmium sulfates.

scholarly journals A large-solid-angle X-ray Raman scattering spectrometer at ID20 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Huotari ◽  
Ch. J. Sahle ◽  
Ch. Henriquet ◽  
A. Al-Zein ◽  
K. Martel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Solid Angle ◽  
European Synchrotron Radiation Facility ◽  
Electronic Excitations ◽  
Raman Scattering Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Area Detector ◽  
Spectroscopic Tool

An end-station for X-ray Raman scattering spectroscopy at beamline ID20 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility is described. This end-station is dedicated to the study of shallow core electronic excitations using non-resonant inelastic X-ray scattering. The spectrometer has 72 spherically bent analyzer crystals arranged in six modular groups of 12 analyzer crystals each for a combined maximum flexibility and large solid angle of detection. Each of the six analyzer modules houses one pixelated area detector allowing for X-ray Raman scattering based imaging and efficient separation of the desired signal from the sample and spurious scattering from the often used complicated sample environments. This new end-station provides an unprecedented instrument for X-ray Raman scattering, which is a spectroscopic tool of great interest for the study of low-energy X-ray absorption spectra in materials under in situ conditions, such as in operando batteries and fuel cells, in situ catalytic reactions, and extreme pressure and temperature conditions.

Applications of High-Resolution Powder X-Ray Diffraction

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 7-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew N. Fitch
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural Characterisation ◽  
Pdf Analysis

The highly-collimated, intense X-rays produced by a synchrotron radiation source can be harnessed to build high-resolution powder diffraction instruments with a wide variety of applications. The general advantages of using synchrotron radiation for powder diffraction are discussed and illustrated with reference to the structural characterisation of crystalline materials, atomic PDF analysis, in-situ and high-throughput studies where the structure is evolving between successive scans, and the measurement of residual strain in engineering components.

Machine Learning Powered by Principal Component Descriptors as the Key for Sorted Structural Fit of XANES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Martini ◽  
Alexander A. Guda ◽  
Sergey A. Guda ◽  
Aram L. Bugaev ◽  
Olga V. Safonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Structural Analysis ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Free Electron Laser ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Modern synchrotron radiation sources and free electron laser made X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) an analytical tool for the structural analysis of materials under in situ or operando conditions. Fourier approach...

scholarly journals Synchrotron radiation microbeam X-ray fluorescence analysis of zinc concentration in remineralized enamel in situ

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsunenori Matsunaga ◽  
Hidetaka Ishizaki ◽  
Shuji Tanabe ◽  
Yoshihiko Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals In Situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Studies of Discharge Reactions in a Thick Cathode of a Lithium Sulfur Battery

2016 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. A18-A27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin H. Wujcik ◽  
Dunyang Rita Wang ◽  
Tod A. Pascal ◽  
David Prendergast ◽  
Nitash P. Balsara
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Lithium Sulfur Battery ◽  
Spectroscopy Studies ◽  
Sulfur Battery ◽  
X Ray Absorption ◽  
Lithium Sulfur

Evidence for Degradation of the Chrome Yellows in Van Gogh’sSunflowers: A Study Using Noninvasive In Situ Methods and Synchrotron-Radiation-Based X-ray Techniques

2015 ◽  
Vol 127 (47) ◽  
pp. 14129-14133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Letizia Monico ◽  
Koen Janssens ◽  
Ella Hendriks ◽  
Frederik Vanmeert ◽  
Geert Van der Snickt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Situ Methods
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