scholarly journals Demonstration of slow light in rubidium vapor using single photons from a trapped ion

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. eaav4651 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Siverns ◽  
J. Hannegan ◽  
Q. Quraishi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Slow Light ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Quantum Network ◽  
Neutral Atoms ◽  
Trapped Ion ◽  
Rb Vapor

Practical implementation of quantum networks is likely to interface different types of quantum systems. Photonically linked hybrid systems, combining unique properties of each constituent system, have typically required sources with the same photon emission wavelength. Trapped ions and neutral atoms both have compelling properties as nodes and memories in a quantum network but have never been photonically linked because of vastly different operating wavelengths. Here, we demonstrate the first interaction between neutral atoms and photons emitted from a single trapped ion. We use slow light in 87Rb vapor to delay photons originating from a trapped 138Ba+ ion by up to 13.5 ± 0.5 ns, using quantum frequency conversion to overcome the frequency difference between the ion and neutral atoms. The delay is tunable and preserves the temporal profile of the photons. This result showcases a hybrid photonic interface usable as a synchronization tool—a critical component in any future large-scale quantum network.

scholarly journals Entangling single atoms over 33 km telecom fibre

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim van Leent ◽  
Matthias Bock ◽  
Florian Fertig ◽  
Robert Garthoff ◽  
Sebastian Eppelt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantum Communication ◽  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Single Atom ◽  
Quantum Network ◽  
Low Loss ◽  
Quantum Repeater ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Quantum Networks ◽  
Network Links

Abstract Heralded entanglement between distant quantum memories is the key resource for quantum networks. Based on quantum repeater protocols, these networks will facilitate efficient large-scale quantum communication and distributed quantum computing. However, despite vast efforts, long-distance fibre based network links have not been realized yet. Here we present results demonstrating heralded entanglement between two independent, remote single-atom quantum memories generated over fibre links with a total length up to 33 km. To overcome the attenuation losses in the long optical fibres of photons initially emitted by the Rubidium quantum memories, we employ polarization-preserving quantum frequency conversion to the low loss telecom band. The presented work represents a milestone towards the realization of efficient quantum network links.

scholarly journals C-band single photons from a trapped ion via two-stage frequency conversion

2021 ◽  
Vol 119 (8) ◽  
pp. 084001
Author(s):  
J. Hannegan ◽  
U. Saha ◽  
J. D. Siverns ◽  
J. Cassell ◽  
E. Waks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Conversion ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Trapped Ion

scholarly journals Online parallel accumulation − serial fragmentation (PASEF) with a novel trapped ion mobility mass spectrometer

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florian Meier ◽  
Andreas-David Brunner ◽  
Scarlet Koch ◽  
Heiner Koch ◽  
Markus Lubeck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ion Mobility ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Shotgun Proteomics ◽  
Trapped Ion ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Mobility Device

ABSTRACTIn bottom-up proteomics, peptides are separated by liquid chromatography with elution peak widths in the range of seconds, while mass spectra are acquired in about 100 microseconds with time-of-fight (TOF) instruments. This allows adding ion mobility as a third dimension of separation. Among several formats, trapped ion mobility spectrometry (TIMS) is attractive due to its small size, low voltage requirements and high efficiency of ion utilization. We have recently demonstrated a scan mode termed parallel accumulation – serial fragmentation (PASEF), which multiplies the sequencing speed without any loss in sensitivity (Meier et al., PMID: 26538118). Here we introduce the timsTOF Pro instrument, which optimally implements online PASEF. It features an orthogonal ion path into the ion mobility device, limiting the amount of debris entering the instrument and making it very robust in daily operation. We investigate different precursor selection schemes for shotgun proteomics to optimally allocate in excess of 100 fragmentation events per second. More than 800,000 fragmentation spectra in standard 120 min LC runs are easily achievable, which can be used for near exhaustive precursor selection in complex mixtures or re-sequencing weak precursors. MaxQuant identified more than 6,400 proteins in single run HeLa analyses without matching to a library, and with high quantitative reproducibility (R > 0.97). Online PASEF achieves a remarkable sensitivity with more than 2,900 proteins identified in 30 min runs of only 10 ng HeLa digest. We also show that highly reproducible collisional cross sections can be acquired on a large scale (R > 0.99). PASEF on the timsTOF Pro is a valuable addition to the technological toolbox in proteomics, with a number of unique operating modes that are only beginning to be explored.

Large-Scale Evaluation of Constrained Bearing Elements Made of Thermosetting Polyester Resin and Polyester Fabric Reinforcement

2006 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Samyn ◽  
W. Van Paepegem ◽  
J. S. Leendertz ◽  
A. Gerber ◽  
L. Van Schepdael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Elastic Recovery ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Fiber Failure ◽  
Stick Slip ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
Stable Sliding

Polymer composites are increasingly used as sliding materials for high-loaded bearings, however, their tribological characteristics are most commonly determined from small-scale laboratory tests. The static strength and dynamic coefficients of friction for polyester/polyester composite elements are presently studied on large-scale test equipment for determination of its bearing capacity and failure mechanisms under overload conditions. Original test samples have a diameter of 250 mm and thickness of 40 mm, corresponding to the practical implementation in the sliding surfaces of a ball-joint, and are tested at various scales for simulation of edge effects and repeatability of test results. Static tests reveal complete elastic recovery after loading to 120 MPa, plastic deformation after loading at 150 MPa and overload at 200 MPa. This makes present composite favorable for use under high loads, compared to, e.g., glass-fibre reinforced materials. Sliding tests indicate stick-slip for pure bulk composites and more stable sliding when PTFE lubricants are added. Dynamic overload occurs above 120 MPa due to an expansion of the nonconstrained top surface. A molybdenum-disulphide coating on the steel counterface is an effective lubricant for lower dynamic friction, as it favorably impregnates the composite sliding surface, while it is not effective at high loads as the coating is removed after sliding and high initial static friction is observed. Also a zinc phosphate thermoplastic coating cannot be applied to the counterface as it adheres strongly to the composite surface with consequently high initial friction and coating wear. Most stable sliding is observed against steel counterfaces, with progressive formation of a lubricating transfer film at higher loads due to exposure of PTFE lubricant. Composite wear mechanisms are mainly governed by thermal degradation of the thermosetting matrix (max. 162°C) with shear and particle detachment by the brittle nature of polyester rather than plastic deformation. The formation of a sliding film protects against fiber failure up to 150 MPa, while overload results in interlaminar shear, debonding, and ductile fiber pull-out.

Numerical Implementation

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhan Phan-Thien ◽  
Sangtae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Element ◽  
Numerical Integration ◽  
Integral Equations ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Boundary Integral Equations ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Boundary Integral ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Computing Environment ◽  
The Individual

Analytical solutions to a set of boundary integral equations are rare, even with simple geometries and boundary conditions. To make any reasonable progress, a numerical technique must be used. There are basically four issues that must be discussed in any numerical scheme dealing with integral equations. The first and most basic one is how numerical integration can be effected, together with an effective way of dealing with singular kernels of the type encountered in elastostatics. Numerical integration is usually termed numerical quadrature, meaning mathematical formulae for numerical integration. The second issue is the boundary discretization: when integration over the whole boundary is replaced by a sum of the integrations over the individual patches on the boundary. Each patch would be a finite element, or in our case, a boundary element on the surface. Obviously a high-order integration scheme can be devised for the whole domain, thus eliminating the need for boundary discretization. Such a scheme would be problem dependent and therefore would not be very useful to us. The third issue has to do with the fact that we are constrained by the very nature of the numerical approximation process to search for solutions within a certain subspace of L2, say the space of piecewise constant functions in which the unknowns are considered to be constant over a boundary element. It is the order of this subspace, together with the order and the nature of the interpolation of the geometry, that gives rise to the names of various boundary element schemes. Finally, one is faced with the task of solving a set of linear algebraic equations, which is usually dense (the system matrix is fully populated) and potentially ill-conditioned. A direct solver such as Gauss elimination may be very efficient for small- to medium-sized problems but will become stuck in a large-scale simulation, where the only feasible solution strategy is an iterative method. In fact, iterative solution strategies lead naturally to a parallel algorithm under a suitable parallel computing environment. This chapter will review various issues involved in the practical implementation of the CDL-BIEM on a serial computer and on a distributed computing environment.

scholarly journals Quantum gate teleportation between separated qubits in a trapped-ion processor

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 364 (6443) ◽  
pp. 875-878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wan ◽  
Daniel Kienzler ◽  
Stephen D. Erickson ◽  
Karl H. Mayer ◽  
Ting Rei Tan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Level ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ion Trap ◽  
Quantum Gate ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Cnot Gate ◽  
Classical Communication ◽  
Trapped Ion ◽  
Single Qubit

Large-scale quantum computers will require quantum gate operations between widely separated qubits. A method for implementing such operations, known as quantum gate teleportation (QGT), requires only local operations, classical communication, and shared entanglement. We demonstrate QGT in a scalable architecture by deterministically teleporting a controlled-NOT (CNOT) gate between two qubits in spatially separated locations in an ion trap. The entanglement fidelity of our teleported CNOT is in the interval (0.845, 0.872) at the 95% confidence level. The implementation combines ion shuttling with individually addressed single-qubit rotations and detections, same- and mixed-species two-qubit gates, and real-time conditional operations, thereby demonstrating essential tools for scaling trapped-ion quantum computers combined in a single device.

scholarly journals Chaotic Quantum Key Distribution

Cryptography ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Noah Cowper ◽  
Harry Shaw ◽  
David Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Quantum Key Distribution ◽  
Single Photon ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Key Distribution ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Single Photons ◽  
Single Photon Emission ◽  
Amount Of Information ◽  
Communication Scheme

The ability to send information securely is a vital aspect of today’s society, and with the developments in quantum computing, new ways to communicate have to be researched. We explored a novel application of quantum key distribution (QKD) and synchronized chaos which was utilized to mask a transmitted message. This communication scheme is not hampered by the ability to send single photons and consequently is not vulnerable to number splitting attacks like other QKD schemes that rely on single photon emission. This was shown by an eavesdropper gaining a maximum amount of information on the key during the first setup and listening to the key reconciliation to gain more information. We proved that there is a maximum amount of information an eavesdropper can gain during the communication, and this is insufficient to decode the message.

scholarly journals Cryogenic trapped-ion system for large scale quantum simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 014004 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Pagano ◽  
P W Hess ◽  
H B Kaplan ◽  
W L Tan ◽  
P Richerme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Quantum Simulation ◽  
Trapped Ion
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